James VI and I
James VI and I (19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI, and King of England and King of Ireland as James I. He was the first monarch to be called the king of Great Britain. He ruled in Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 until his death and he ruled in England and Scotland from 24 March 1603 until his death. He became king of Scotland as a baby when his mother, Mary Queen of Scots, had to abdicate.
| James VI & I | |
|---|---|
| King of Scotland,England and Ireland | |
 James I of England by Daniel Mytens | |
| King of England and Ireland (more...) | |
| 24 March 1603 – 27 March 1625 | |
| 25 July 1603 | |
| Predecessor | Elizabeth I |
| Successor | Charles I |
| King of Scotland (more...) | |
| 24 July 1567 – 27 March 1625 | |
| Coronation | 29 July 1567 |
| Predecessor | Mary |
| Successor | Charles I |
| Regents |
|
| Born | James Stuart of Edinburgh 19 June 1566 Edinburgh Castle, Edinburgh, Scotland |
| Died | 27 March 1625 (aged 58) (NS: 6 April 1625) Theobalds House, Hertfordshire, England |
| Burial | 7 May 1625 |
| Spouse | Anne of Denmark (m. 1589; died 1619) |
| Issue detail... | |
| House | Stuart |
| Father | Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley |
| Mother | Mary, Queen of Scots |
| Signature |  |
His reign was important because it was the first time England and Scotland had the same monarch. He was the first monarch of England from the House of Stuart. The previous English monarch had been Elizabeth I. She had died without any children, so the English agreed to have a Scottish monarch because James was the son of Mary, Queen of Scots, thus the closest relative Elizabeth had. By being king of both, he created a personal union, the Union of the Crowns.
James fought often with the Parliament of England. In addition, he did not use the kingdom’s money well. While James was ruling, the Scottish and English governments were quite stable. After James died, his son Charles tried to rule in the same way as James, but caused the English Civil War. At the end of the war in 1649, Charles was executed.
James was very well educated and good at learning. He helped people in England and in Scotland to study things such as science, literature, and art. James wrote Daemonologie in 1597, The True Law of Free Monarchies in 1598, Basilikon Doron in 1599, and A Counterblaste to Tobacco in 1604. He sponsored the Authorized King James Version of the Bible.
James was a target of the Gunpowder Plot. A group of Catholics planned to blow up the Houses of Parliament on 5 November 1605 during a ceremony while James was in the building. The plot was stopped when a member of the group, Guy Fawkes, was found in a basement with barrels of gunpowder. The event is remembered every year on 5 November, also known as Bonfire Night, where many people decide to celebrate and light bonfires and fireworks.
James believed in witchcraft. When he read The Discoverie of Witchcraft, he ordered all copies of the book to be burnt.[1] The king had an importance with the first English settlers.
The first permanent English established settlement in North America was made under the charter granted by James to Sir Thomas Gates and other in 1606. In march 27th, 1625, James suffered a stroke while hunting at his favorite lodge, he died in his bed a few hours later.
James VI And I Media
Portrait of James as a boy, after Arnold Bronckorst, 1574
James (right) depicted aged 17 beside his mother, 1583. In reality, they were separated when he was still a baby.
James in 1586, age 20 (attrib. Adrian Vanson or the school of Alonso Sánchez Coello)
1589 marriage contract between James and Anne of Denmark
Queen Anne c. 1605, portrait attributed to John de Critz
Suspected witches kneeling before King James; Daemonologie (1597)
Scottish gold coin from 1609–1625
James argued a theological basis for monarchy in The True Law of Free Monarchies.
The Union of the Crowns was symbolised in James's personal royal heraldic badge after 1603, the Tudor rose dimidiated with the Scottish thistle ensigned by the royal crown.
Portrait after John de Critz, c. 1605. James wears the Three Brothers jewel, three rectangular red spinels; the jewel is now lost.
References
- ↑ "Dangerous Ideas: The Discoverie of Witchcraft". Archived from the original on 2013-01-25. Retrieved 2013-06-02.