Timurid Empire

Timurid Empire
تیموریانcode: fa is deprecated
Timurid Empire تیموریان
1370–1526
	Flag of Timurid Empire
	Timurid Empire at its greatest extent Timurid Empire at its greatest extent
Status	Empire in Middle east and Central Asia
Capital	Samarkand, Herat
Common languages	Chaghatai & Persian
Religion	Islam
Government	Monarchy
Emir
• 1370–1405	Timur
• 1506–1507	Muzaffar Hussayn
Historical era	Medieval
•	1370
• Samarkand conquered by Uzbeks under Muhammad Shaybani	1509
• Herat conquered by Shaybani	1507
•	1526
Area
• Total	[convert: invalid number]
1405 est.	4,400,000 km2 (1,700,000 sq mi)
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Chagatai Khanate
	Kara Koyunlu
	Golden Horde
Khanate of Bukhara
Safavid dynasty	20px
Mughal Empire	20px
Khanate of Khiva	File:Flag of the Khanate of Khiva.svg
	a: Flag of the Timurid Empire according to the Catalan Atlas c. 1375

The Timurid Empire was a Persian and Turco-Mongol^[2] empire that included all of Uzbekistan, Iran, modern Afghanistan, and modern Central Asia. It also included large parts of modern Pakistan, Mesopotamia, Anatolia and the Caucasus. It was formed by the Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur (Tamerlane) of the Timurid dynasty in the 14th century.

Timurid Empire Media

Genealogical Relationship between Timur and Genghis Khan.png

Genealogical relationship between Timur and Genghis Khan.
Battle between Timur and Toqtamish Khan, 1420-1440, possibly Herat. Topkapi H.2153.jpg

Battle between Timur (left) and Tokhtamysh (right), 1420–1440, possibly Herat. Topkapi H.2153.
Qara Qoyunlu forces (left) in battle against Timurid forces (right). 1430 Shahnama, Bodleian Library, ms. Add 176, folios 6r-7v.jpg

Contemporary depiction of the Qara Qoyunlu forces of Qara Iskandar (left) in battle against the Timurid forces of Ibrahim Sultan (right) in April 1429. Shahnama of Ibrahim Sultan (c.1430) frontispiece.
Timur seated (earliest known portrait), Timurid genealogy, 1405-1409, Samarkand (TSMK, H2152).jpg

Earliest known portrait of Timur, commissionned right after his death in 1405-1409, by his grandson Khalil Sultan.
Shah Rukh Makes a Triumphal Entrance in Samarkand in 1394, after Timur Names Him Governor of the City (two consecutive pages). Zafarnama of 1436.jpg

Shah Rukh (right) makes a triumphal entrance in Samarkand in September 1394, after Timur names him Governor of the city, Zafarnama (1436)
Frontispiece from the Cairo Bustan. Herat, c. 1488, for Sultan Husayn Bayqara. Cairo, Dar al-kutub, Adab farisi 22, folio 1b-2a.jpg

Frontispiece from the Cairo Bustan, depicting Sultan Husayn Bayqara and his court. Herat, c. 1488
Mir Haydar - Mira‘j-nameh - The prophet meet a multi-face angle.jpg

The Mira‘j nama was commissioned by Shahrukh and composed in 1436 in Chaghatai Turkic using the Uighur script, c.1436 in Herat. The multi-headed deity is inspired from the Chinese Buddhist Avalokitesvara.
Samarcanda, Registán 08.jpg

Tumurid mo'araq mosaic. Ulugh Beg Madrasa, Samarkand, 1417-1421
Registan Ulugbek madrasah2014.JPG

Façade of the Ulugh Beg Madrasa at the Registan in Samarkand (1417–1420). The two other buildings of the Registan date from the Khanate of Bukhara in the 17th century.
Coinage of Timur with "three annulets" symbol (at the center of the reverse side). Shaykh abu-Ishaq (Kazerun) mint. Undated, c. AH 795–807; AD 1393–1405.

Related pages

References

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↑ Maria Subtelny, "Timurids in Transition", BRILL; illustrated edition (2007-09-30). pg 40: "Nevertheless, in the complex process of transition, members of the Timurid dynasty and their Turko-Mongol supporters became acculturate by the surrounding Persinate millieu adopting Persian cultural models and tastes and acting as patrons of Persian culture, painting, architecture and music." pg 41: "The last members of the dynasty, notably Sultan-Abu Sa'id and Sultan-Husain, in fact came to be regarded as ideal Perso-Islamic rulers who develoted as much attention to agricultural development as they did to fostering Persianate court culture."

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[1] Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers at line 630: attempt to index field 'known_free_doi_registrants_t' (a nil value).

[2] Maria Subtelny, "Timurids in Transition", BRILL; illustrated edition (2007-09-30). pg 40: "Nevertheless, in the complex process of transition, members of the Timurid dynasty and their Turko-Mongol supporters became acculturate by the surrounding Persinate millieu adopting Persian cultural models and tastes and acting as patrons of Persian culture, painting, architecture and music." pg 41: "The last members of the dynasty, notably Sultan-Abu Sa'id and Sultan-Husain, in fact came to be regarded as ideal Perso-Islamic rulers who develoted as much attention to agricultural development as they did to fostering Persianate court culture."

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