Vichy France
The Vichy France, officially the French State, was the government of France during the early 1940s. It included all of France except for Alsace-Lorraine. It also governed the French colonial empire. The state was led by Philippe Pétain. He had been notable for helping to win World War I.
French State État français | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1940–1944 | |||||||||
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| Motto: | |||||||||
| Anthem: | |||||||||
.svg) French State in 1942 | |||||||||
| Status | Puppet state of Nazi Germany | ||||||||
| Capital | Vichy | ||||||||
| Demonym(s) | French | ||||||||
| Government | Collaborationist regime under a unitary authoritarian dictatorship | ||||||||
• President (Marshall) | Philippe Pétain | ||||||||
| Pierre Laval | |||||||||
| ISO 3166 code | FR | ||||||||
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When the French and the British armies lost the Battle of Dunkirk, and the rest of the Battle of France was being lost, the French Parliament made Pétain Minister. He negotiated an armistice with Germany. He agreed that France would be neutral in World War II.
He became head of state and ruled as a dictator. He usually did what the Germans told him to do.
The Axis powers militarily occupied northern and western France. They also controlled part of the southeastern part of the country. The Vichy government, as a client state of Germany, controlled the Free Zone, the unoccupied parts of France. In November 1942 the United States joined the North African Campaign by invading French North Africa, so the German army occupied the Vichy zone.
In 1943, the Vichy government, now a puppet state, moved to Paris. In 1944, it moved to Germany. The government disbanded in 1945 with the defeat of Nazi Germany.
Vichy France Media
La Marseillaise (words and music by Rouget de l'Isle)Band of the Garde Républicaine, directed by François-Julien Brun. Recorded at the Théâtre des Champs-Elysées.*Columbia DF 3263 CL 8602
Metropolitan/continental France under German occupation (Germans occupied the southern zone starting in November 1942 – Operation Case Anton). The yellow zone was under Italian administration.
Propaganda poster for the Vichy Regime's Révolution nationale program, 1942
French prisoners of war are marched off under German guard, 1940
Philippe Pétain meeting Hitler in October 1940
French colonial prisoner in German captivity, 1940
Pierre Laval with the head of German police units in France, SS-Gruppenführer Carl Oberg
Pierre Laval and Philippe Pétain in the Frank Capra documentary film Divide and Conquer (1943)
