1091
1091 (MXCI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 10th century – 11th century – 12th century |
| Decades: | 1060s 1070s 1080s – 1090s – 1100s 1110s 1120s |
| Years: | 1088 1089 1090 – 1091 – 1092 1093 1094 |
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Events
By area
Europe
- King William II of England invades Normandy.
- Ladislaus I of Hungary occupies Slavonia.
- King Stjepan II of Croatia, the last member of the Trpimirović dynasty, died without leaving anyone to inherit his thrown and title.
British Isles
- October 17 – London Tornado of 1091: A T8/F4 tornado is recorded in St Mary-le-Bow of London, England; the storm destroys London Bridge.
- Henry, the third son of William the Conqueror, is forced to give up his property of Cotentin in Normandy after his two older brothers, William Rufus and Robert Curthose, make a peace agreement.
- King Malcolm III of Scotland makes an unsuccessful attempt to invade English territory, but is finally forced to give a public statement of allegiance to King William II of England.
- Cardiff Castle is built.
Mediterranean
- April 29 – Battle of Levounion: The Pechenegs surround and attack Constantinople, but are defeated so completely by Emperor Alexius I that they are completely eliminated.
- February; With the taking of Noto, the Normans complete the 30 year long takeover of Sicily from the Islamic rulers.
- The Islamic Abbadid dynasty ruling in Spain falls when the Almoravids storm Seville. Faced with this new threat, the king of Badajoz, al-Mutawakkil ibn al-Aftas, got the support of Castile in exchange for the Muslim positions on the Tagus river — Sintra, Santarém and Lisbon.[1]
- Roger Guiscard takes Malta.
By topic
Religion
- Athanasius VI bar Khamoro becomes Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch.
Deaths
- June 17 – Dirk V, Count of Holland
- July 5 – Abbot William of Hirsau
- August 25 – Sisnando Davides, military leader
- December 19 – Adelaide of Susa, margravine of Turin
- date unknown –
Robert D'Oyly, first Lord of Oxford Castle
References
- ↑ Picard, Christophe (2000). Le Portugal musulman (VIIIe-XIIIe siècle. L'Occident d'al-Andalus sous domination islamique. Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose. p. 109. ISBN 2-7068-1398-9.