Garry Kasparov

Garry Kasparov (born 13 April 1963 in Baku, Azerbaijan) is a Russian chess grandmaster and political activist. He was born with the name Garry Weinstein, and is partly of Jewish descent. He was the World Chess Champion from 1985 to 2000. In 1993 he broke away from FIDE to make a rival organisation (the PCA), because he felt FIDE had failed to raise enough money for world title matches. There is controversy about that period. By any measure, he is one of the greatest chess players of all time. He was the highest-rated player even after his retirement until Magnus Carlsen took him over.

Gary Kasparov (Гарри Кимович Каспаров)
Garry Kasparov, 2017
Country	USSR Russia Croatia (since 2014)
Title	Grandmaster
World Champion	1985–1993 (undisputed) 1993–2000 (Classical)
FIDE rating	2812
Peak rating	2851 (July 1999)

Kasparov became the youngest non-disputed World Chess Champion in 1985 at the age of 22. He held the official FIDE world title until 1993, when an argument with FIDE led him to set up a rival company, the Professional Chess Association. He continued to hold the "Classical" World Chess Championship until his defeat by Vladimir Kramnik in 2000. Kasparov lost a match (a series of chess games) against Deep Blue, a computer made by IBM, in 1997. Lately, retired from competition, he has been coaching Magnus Carlsen, the young player from Norway who is the current world #1.

Politics

Kasparov at a dissenters march in Saint Petersburg on 9 June 2007

After retiring from chess, Kasparov became involved in Russian politics. In 2005, he traveled around Russia, speaking against Vladimir Putin, who was President of Russia at that time. The same year he created the United Civil Front, a political movement whose main goal is to dismantle Putin's regime and restore democracy in Russia.

Kasparov was also one of the founders of The Other Russia, an opposition coalition which unites many left and nationalist politicians. He helped organize marches of dissenters involving several thousand people rallying against Putin and governors of Moscow and Saint Petersburg.

In October 2007, Kasparov announced his intention of standing for the Russian presidency. In November 2007, he was detained by police at a rally in Moscow and given a jail sentence of five days. On 12 December 2007, Kasparov announced that he had to withdraw his presidential candidacy due to inability to rent a hall where at least 500 of his supporters could meet to endorse his candidacy, as is legally required. Kasparov's spokeswoman accused the government of using pressure to discourage anyone from renting a hall for the gathering. In 2008 Kasparov and his United Civil Front joined the Solidarity movement.

Kasparov is among the 34 first signatories and a key organiser of the online anti-Putin campaign Putin must go started in March 2010.

Garry Kasparov Media

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  Age 11, Vilnius, 1974.

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  Garry Kasparov, Junior World Championship 1980 at Dortmund, Photographer Gerhard Hund.

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  Kasparov after winning the FIDE World Championship title in 1985

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  Kasparov and Anand in a publicity photo on top of the World Trade Center in New York, 1995

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  Kasparov playing against Kramnik in the Botvinnik Memorial match in Moscow, 2001

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  Garry Kasparov speaking at the 2017 Goldwater Dinner hosted by the Goldwater Institute at the Phoenician Resort in Scottsdale, Arizona. Please attribute to Gage Skidmore if used elsewhere.

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  Garry Kasparov 1980, Chess Olympiad in Valetta on Malta, photographer Gerhard Hund.

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  Kasparov wore 3D glasses in his match against the program X3D Fritz.