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Marne (department)

Marne is a department in northeastern France named after the river Marne which flows through the department. The prefecture (capital) of Marne is Châlons-en-Champagne (formerly known as Châlons-sur-Marne).

Department
Préfecture de la Marne (51).jpg
Flag of Marne
Flag
Coat of arms of Marne
Coat of arms
Location of Marne in France
Location of Marne in France
Coordinates: 49°00′N 04°15′E / 49.000°N 4.250°E / 49.000; 4.250Coordinates: 49°00′N 04°15′E / 49.000°N 4.250°E / 49.000; 4.250
CountryFrance
RegionGrand Est
Département4 March 1790
PrefectureChâlons-en-Champagne
SubprefecturesÉpernay, Reims, Sainte-Menehould, Vitry-le-François
Government
[1]
 • PresidentRené-Paul Savary
Area
[2]
 • Total8,161.6 km2 (3,151.2 sq mi)
Population
 (2014)[2]
 • Total570,817
 • Density69.9394/km2 (181.1421/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeFR-51
Arrondissements5
Cantons23
Communes616
WebsiteMarne Council

The Champagne vineyards producing the world-famous sparkling wine are located within Marne.

History

Marne is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790 with Châlons-sur-Marne as is capital. It was formed with part of the former province of Champagne.[3]

It was divided in six districts: Châlons-sur-Marne, Reims, Épernay, Sézanne, Sainte-Menehould and Vitry-le-François.

In 1800, with the creation of the arrondissements in France, the six districts were changed into five arrondissements: Châlons-sur-Marne, Épernay, Reims, Sainte-Menehould and Vitry-le-François.[3]

After the Battle of Waterloo (18 June 1815), the department was occupied by the Austrian army from June 1815 to November 1818.

On 10 September 1926, the arrondissement of Sainte-Menehould was eliminated but in 1940 Sainte-Menehould was made again an arrondissement.[3]

In 1995, the name of Châlons-sur-Marne was changed to Châlons-en-Champagne but it was rejected in 1997. But, finally, this change was accepted in 1998.

Geography

The Marne department is in the Grand Est region after being part of the Champagne-Ardenne region till 2016. It is surrounded by 6 departments in 3 regions:

Marne has an area of 8,161.6 km2 (3,151 sq mi),[2] the 7th largest department of the Metropolitan France. The department is 116 km (72 mi) long from Villeneuve-la-Lionne to Trois-Fontaines-l'Abbaye, and 97 km (60 mi) wide from Cormicy to Clesles.

 
Vineyard in Cramant.

There are three geographic regions in the department:

  1. The Champagne crayeuse in the centre of the department; it is a plain where cereals are grown.
  2. A region with low hills in the eastern part of the department.
  3. Champagne vineyards, in the western part of the deparment. Here is the Montagne de Reims ("Mountain of Reims") where are the highest points of the department in the forests of the Verzey commune; several hills are 286 m (938 ft) high (49°8′19″N 04°9′12″E / 49.13861°N 4.15333°E / 49.13861; 4.15333 (Foret Domaniale de Verzey)).[4]

The Marne river flows through the department from the southeast to the west.

Climate

This area is characterized by climates with few extremes of temperature. The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Châlons-en-Champagne is a "Marine West Coast Climate" and of the subtype "Cfb".[5]

The average amount of precipitation for the year in Châlons-en-Champagne is 627.4 mm (24.7 in). The month with the most precipitation on average is July with 61 mm (2.4 in) of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is February with an average of 40.6 mm (1.6 in).

The average temperature for the year in Châlons-en-Champagne is 10 °C (50 °F). The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of 20 °C (68 °F). The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of 0 °C (32 °F)

Administration

Marne is managed by the Departmental Council of Marne in Châlons-en-Champagne. The department is part of the Grand Est region.

Administrative divisions

There are 5 arrondissements (districts), 23 cantons and 616 communes (municipalities) in Marne.[6]

Arrondissements of Marne
INSEE
code		 Arrondissement Capital Population[7]
(2014)		 Area[7]
(km²)		 Density
(Inh./km²)		 Communes
511 Châlons-en-Champagne Châlons-en-Champagne 103,110 1,778.3 58.0 100
512 Épernay Épernay 109,771 2,332.7 47.1 181
513 Reims Reims 296,374 1,525.7 194.3 155
514 Vitry-le-François Vitry-le-François 47,741 1,503.6 31.8 113
515 Sainte-Menehould Sainte-Menehould 13,821 1,021.3 13.5 67

The following is a list of the 23 cantons of the Marne department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:[8]

  1. Argonne Suippe et Vesle (5101)
  2. Bourgogne (5102)
  3. Châlons-en-Champagne-1 (5103)
  4. Châlons-en-Champagne-2 (5104)
  5. Châlons-en-Champagne-3 (5105)
  6. Dormans-Paysages de Champagne (5106)
  7. Épernay-1 (5107)
  8. Épernay-2 (5108)
  9. Fismes-Montagne de Reims (5109)
  10. Mourmelon-Vesle et Monts de Champagne (5110)
  11. Reims-1 (5111)
  12. Reims-2 (5112)
  13. Reims-3 (5113)
  14. Reims-4 (5114)
  15. Reims-5 (5115)
  16. Reims-6 (5116)
  17. Reims-7 (5117)
  18. Reims-8 (5118)
  19. Reims-9 (5119)
  20. Sermaize-les-Bains (5120)
  21. Sézanne-Brie et Champagne (5121)
  22. Vertus-Plaine Champenoise (5122)
  23. Vitry-le-François-Champagne et Der (5123)

Demographics

The inhabitants of the Marne department are known, in French, as Marnais (women: Marnaises),[9]

Marne had a population, in 2014, of 570,817,[2] for a population density of 69.9 inhabitants/km2. The arrondissement of Reims, with 296,374 inhabitants, is the arrondissement with more inhabitants.[7]

Evolution of the population in Marne

The 10 communes with more inhabitants in the Marne department are:[10]

City Population
(2014) 		Arrondissement
Reims 183,042 Reims
Châlons-en-Champagne 45,002 Châlons-en-Champagne
Épernay 23,176 Épernay
Vitry-le-François 13,144 Vitry-le-François
Tinqueux 10,096 Reims
Bétheny 6,473 Reims
Cormontreuil 6,210 Reims
Aÿ-Champagne 5,795 Épernay
Saint-Memmie 5,583 Châlons-en-Champagne
Mourmelon-le-Grand 5,379 Châlons-en-Champagne

Gallery

Marne (department) Media

Related pages

References

  1. ↑ "Président du Conseil départemental" (in French). La Marne rn ligne. Archived from the original on 21 June 2015. Retrieved 3 December 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "Département de la Marne (51)". Comparateur de territoire (in French). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. Retrieved 3 December 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Historique de la Marne". Le SPLAF (in French). Retrieved 4 December 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  4. ↑ "Foret Domaniale de Verzey, France". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  5. ↑ "Chalons-sur-Marne, France - Köppen Climate Classification". Weatherbase. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  6. ↑ "Département de la Marne (51)". Géographie administrative et d'étude (in French). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. Retrieved 12 July 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "Département de la Marne (51) et Arrondissements". Comparateur de territoire (in French). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. Retrieved 12 July 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  8. ↑ "Décret n° 2014-208 du 21 février 2014 portant délimitation des cantons dans le département de la Marne" (in French). Légifrance.gouv.fr. Retrieved 5 December 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  9. ↑ "Habitants du départment: Marne (51)" (in French). habitants.fr. Retrieved 5 December 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  10. ↑ "Régions, départements, arrondissements, cantons et communes" (PDF). Populations légales 2014 (in French). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. Retrieved 12 July 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

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