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Palestinian people

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The Palestinians are an Arab national group who speak Arabic as their mother tongue and are native to the region of Palestine, descended from those who have inhabited the area over the millennia. Today, there are about 10 million Palestinians in the world, including their children and grandchildren.

Palestinians
الفلسطينيون
Flag of Palestine.svg
Flag of Palestine
Total population
14.3 million[1]
Map of the Palestinian diaspora in the World.svg
Regions with significant populations
Palestine
5,350,000[1]
 – West Bank (Palestine)3,190,000[1] (of whom 912,879 are registered refugees as of 2024)[2][3][4]
 – Gaza Strip (Palestine)2,170,000 (of whom 1,476,706 are registered refugees as of 2024)[1][5][2][3]
Jordan2,307,011 (2024, registered refugees only)[6]–3,240,000 (2009)[7]
Israel2,037,000 (2022)[8]
Syria568,530 (2021, registered refugees only)[9]
Chile500,000[10][11]
Saudi Arabia426,000[12]
Qatar356,000[12]
United States255,000[13]
Germany200,000[14]
United Arab Emirates200,000[15]
Lebanon174,000 (2017 census)[16]–458,369 (2016, registered refugees)[9]
Egypt135,932[17]
Kuwait80,000[18]
Honduras27,000–200,000[12][19]
Libya72,000[12]
El Salvador70,000[20]
Iraq57,000[21]
Brazil50,000[22]
Canada45,905[23]
Yemen37,000[12]
Turkey23,569[24]
United Kingdom20,000[25]
Peru15,000[source?]
Mexico13,000[12]
Colombia13,000[12]
Netherlands9,000–15,000[26]
Australia~7,000[a][27][28]
Sweden7,000[29]
Algeria4,020[30]
Languages
Arabic (Palestinian Arabic)
Religion
Majority:
Sunni Islam
Large minority:
Christianity (many denominations)
Minority:
Related ethnic groups
Jordanians, Lebanese, and other Arabs

About half of all Palestinians (49% to 51%) live in the region of historic Palestine, which is now Israel, the West Bank and Gaza (State of Palestine), and parts of Jordan and Syria.[31]

The other half are part of the Palestinian diaspora. This means they had to leave their homeland. Many are refugees and are not citizens of any country.[32] Large Palestinian populations live in other countries:

  • Over 2.5 million live in Jordan.[33]
  • About a million live in Syria and Lebanon together.
  • Chile has the largest Palestinian population outside of the Arab world.[34]

Religion

Palestinian schoolgirls

Most Palestinians are Muslim, particularly of the Sunni branch of Islam. However, a significant minority of the world's Palestinians belong to various Christian denominations, Judaism or smaller religious communities.

No matter what religion they follow, Palestinians share a common dialect of Arabic. Among those who are citizens of Israel (known as Arab Israelis), many are bilingual in Hebrew.

Recent genetic research has showed that Arabs and Bedouins of the State of Palestine share genetics with the ancient Levantines.[35] It also shows that Palestinians descend from people who lived in Roman-Palæstina beginning in prehistoric times. [36][37] Palestinians acculturated and even established Arabic as the area's official language, due to Pre-Islamic Nabataean influences on ancient Israel and Judaea.[38] Arabic eventually became the primary language spoken by locals. Over time, most of these people converted to Islam from various prior faiths.

Name

Palæstinian refugees during Nakba

The name "Palestinian" was in use before World War I, referring to the nationalist concept of a Palæstinian people who would include the local Arabic-speaking population of Palestine.[39] On 21 September 1921, the and the first demand for national independence was issued by the Arab's Syrian-Palæstinian Congress issued the first demand for national independence.[40]

Before and after Zionism, the Nakba, and the Exodus of 1967, "Palæstinian" came include a sense of shared past and future in the form of a ethnostate of Palestina.[39]

National authorities

The Palestina Liberation Organization (PLO) represents the Palestinian People before the international community.[41]

The Palæstinian National Authority governs the Palestinian center in the West Bank, while Gaza is governed by far-right-wing Hamas.

Notable

Some well known Palestinians are:

Palestinian People Media

  • 1650s maps of the region by Ottoman geographer Kâtip Çelebi, showing the term أرض فلسطين ("Land of Palestine")

  • Khalil Beidas (1874–1949) whose writings played an important role in the development of Palestinian nationalist consciousness

  • 1936 issue of the Palestinian Arab Christian Falastin newspaper addressed its readers as "Palestinians" since its establishment in 1911.

  • Palestinian mother and child

  • Dendrogram based on mtDNA haplogroup frequencies from Badro et al. 2013.

  • Houghton Typ 794.34.475 - Kâtip Çelebi, Kitab-ı cihannüma

  • A 1930 Palestinian women's protest in Jerusalem against the British Mandate. The sign reads "No dialogue, no negotiations until termination [of the Mandate]"

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) Presents the Conditions of Palestinian Populations on the Occasion of the International Population Day, 11/07/2022 (7 July 2022)Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS). Retrieved 20 September 2024.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named WWWGazaStrip.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 PCBS reports Palestinian population growth to 4.81 million. Ma'an News Agency (11 July 2016).
  4. ↑ West Bank. The World Fact BookCIA.
  5. ↑ PCBS: The Palestinians at the end of 2015 (30 December 2015)Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics.
  6. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named unjo.
  7. ↑ Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) Press ReleasePalestinian Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  8. ↑ Israel's population approaches 9.7 million as 2022 comes to an end. The Times of Israel (29 December 2022). Retrieved 20 September 2024.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Where We Work UNRWA. UNRWA. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  10. ↑ "Zalaquett pone a Chile como modelo de convivencia palestino-judía" (in es). Diario La Nación. 16 October 2009. http://www.lanacion.cl/zalaquett-pone-a-chile-como-modelo-de-convivencia-palestino-judia/noticias/2009-10-16/160813.html. Retrieved 27 December 2024. 
  11. ↑ "Cómo llegó Chile a tener la mayor comunidad de palestinos fuera de Israel y del mundo árabe" (in es). BBC Mundo. 6 November 2023. https://www.bbc.com/mundo/articles/cyx1xj2x8n4o. Retrieved 27 December 2024. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 Arab, PalestinanJoshua Project. Retrieved 26 June 2016.
  13. ↑ U.S. Census websiteUnited States Census Bureau. Retrieved 22 April 2009.
  14. ↑ Palästinenser in Deutschland – "Das ist nicht mehr mein Land" (in de). fr.de (2024-02-12). Retrieved 2025-02-16.
  15. ↑ Palestinians Living in UAE Uncertain Over Peace Deal With Israel. The Media Line (16 August 2020). Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  16. ↑ Lebanon conducts first-ever census of Palestinian refugees. Jordan Times (21 December 2017). Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  17. ↑ Migration Stock in Egypt 2022International Organization for Migration (IOM). Retrieved 15 September 2024.
  18. ↑ "Palestinians Open Kuwaiti Embassy". Al Monitor. 23 May 2013. http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2013/04/palestinians-open-kuwait-embassy.html. Retrieved 23 May 2013. 
  19. ↑ Jorge Alberto Amaya. Los Árabes y Palestinos en Honduras: su establecimiento e impacto en la sociedad hondureña contemporánea: 1900–2009 (in es) (23 July 2015).
  20. ↑ El Salvador's Palestinian connection (26 February 2006). Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  21. ↑ Factsheet: Palestinian Refugees in Iraq. Al Awda California. Retrieved 16 June 2009.
  22. ↑ Estatísticas gerais: imigrantes e descendentes. memorialdoimigrante.org. Retrieved 27 May 2009.
  23. ↑ Ethnic or cultural origin by gender and age: Canada, provinces and territories. Statistics Canada (26 October 2022). Retrieved 20 September 2024.
  24. ↑ Tabiiyete Göre Yabancı Nüfus (in tr)Turkish Statistical Institute. Retrieved 12 October 2025.
  25. ↑ The Palestinian Diaspora in Europe. Retrieved 22 June 2011.
  26. ↑ Did you know that ... Palestinians in the Netherlands. Palestine Link. Retrieved 4 November 2018.
  27. ↑ Handing on the key: Palestians in Australia (2009)Immigration Museum. Retrieved 21 May 2011.
  28. ↑ Australians' Ancestries (2001)Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  29. ↑ Benito, Miguel. Palestinier. Invandringens encyklopedi. Retrieved 23 February 2013.
  30. ↑ UNHCR Global Appeal 2014–2015: Algeria (2015)United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
  31. ↑ Regrettable statistical error. Ynetnews.com. 2 February 2009. http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3709436,00.html. Retrieved 2009-09-24. 
  32. ↑ Abbas Shiblak. Reflections on the Palestinian Diaspora in Europe. The Palestinian Diaspora in Europe: Challenges of Dual Identity and Adaptation (2005)Institute of Jerusalem. Studies. ISBN 9950315042. Retrieved 2009-11-14.
  33. ↑ From 1918-22 the region of modern-day Jordan, then called Transjordan, was one of two constituent territories that comprised the British Mandate of Palestine (so-named after the other constituent, Palestine) which was separated to form a new Arab monarchy. Unless otherwise specified, this article uses "British Mandate" and related terms to refer to historic Palestine, that is, the 20% of the post-1922 mandate west of the Jordan river.
  34. ↑ Villegas, Alexander (7 November 2023). "In Chile, a Palestinian diaspora makes its voice heard on Gaza". Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/chile-palestinian-diaspora-makes-its-voice-heard-gaza-2023-11-07/. Retrieved 28 February 2024. 
  35. ↑ Das, R. The Origins of Ashkenaz, Ashkenazic Jews, and Yiddish.. Frontiers in Genetics 8 (2017). doi:10.3389/fgene.2017.00087.
  36. ↑ Gibbons, Ann. Jews and Arabs Share Recent Ancestry. ScienceNOW (October 30, 2000)American Academy for the Advancement of Science.
  37. ↑ Hammer, et al. Figure 2: Plot of populations based on Y-chromosome haplotype data Archived 2008-04-05 at the Wayback Machine.
  38. ↑ Myth: Palestinians are Arabs that arrived in the 7th century | Decolonize Palestine (in en-US). decolonizepalestine.com (2021-03-14). Retrieved 2024-11-13.
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 Palestine (2007)Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2007-08-29.
  40. ↑ Porath, 1974, p. 117.
  41. ↑ Who Represents the Palestinians Officially Before the World Community? (2006–2007)Institute for Middle East Understanding. Retrieved 2007-07-27.
  42. ↑ Mahmoud Darwish (in en). www.aljazeera.com.


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