Islamic State of Iraq

Islamic State of Iraq
Islamic State of Iraq
الِاسْلَامِيَّةِ دَوْلَةُ الْعِرَاقِ; al-Islāmīyyah ad-Dawlat al-Irāq Participant in the Iraq War, the Iraqi insurgency, the Syrian Civil War, and the Global War on Terrorism
	Flag
Active	15 October 2006 – 8 April 2013
Ideology	Salafism; Salafist jihadism; Wahhabism; Anti-Shi'ism; Qutbism
Leaders	Abu Omar al-Baghdadi † (2006–2010) Leader; Abu Ayyub al-Masri † (2006–2010) War Minister and Prime Minister; Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi † (2010–2013) Leader
Area of operations	; Map of the Islamic State of Iraq and its provinces on 7th of April, 2007
Preceded by	Jaish al-Ta'ifa al-Mansurah (2004–2006); Jama'at Jaish Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jama`ah (2004–2006); Al-Qaeda in Iraq (2004–2006); Mujahideen Shura Council (2006)
Succeeded by	Islamic State in Iraq and Syria
Allies	Al-Qaeda (until 2013) Al-Nusra Front (2012–2013);
Opponent(s)	Multi-National Force – Iraq; Iraq Iraqi Kurdistan; Shia militias; Awakening Councils; Islamic Army in Iraq (sometimes); Naqshbandi Army (sometimes); Syria; Free Syrian Army (Some groups); Kurdish Supreme Committee and allied groups People's Protection Units (YPG); Women's Protection Units (YPJ); Asayish; Syriac Military Council (MFS); Sutoro;
Battles and war(s)	Iraqi insurgency (2003–2011) Ramadan Offensive (2006); Islamic Army–Al-Qaeda conflict; Battle of Haifa Street; Operation Imposing Law; Operation Phantom Thunder; Battle of Baqubah; Diyala campaign; Operation Phantom Phoenix; Operation Phantom Strike; 2008 Abu Kamal raid; Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013) Akashat ambush; Syrian Civil War Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–14); Raqqa campaign (2012–13) Battle of Raqqa; ; Al-Hasakah Governorate campaign (2012–13); 2012–13 escalation of the Syrian Civil War; Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016);
Designated as a terrorist organisation by
	; Malaysia

The Islamic State of Iraq (ISI; Arabic: الِاسْلَامِيَّةِ دَوْلَةُ الْعِرَاقِcode: ar is deprecated al-ʾIslāmiyyah ad Dawlat al Iraq) was a Salafi jihadist militant organization that fought the forces of the U.S.-led coalition during the Iraqi insurgency. The organization aimed to overthrow the Iraqi federal government and establish an Islamic state ruled by Sharia law in Iraq.

Islamic State of Iraq traces its origins to Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad (JTJ) group, which was formed by the Jordanian national Abu Musab al-Zarqawi in Jordan in 1999.

Islamic State Of Iraq Media

US Marines in Ramadi, May 2006, conducting a snap vehicle checkpoint patrol to disrupt insurgent activity
US soldiers and Sunni Arab tribesmen scan for enemy activity in a farm field in southern Arab Jibor, January 2008

References

↑ Gander, Kashmira (7 July 2015). "Isis flag: What do the words mean and what are its origins?". The Independent. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/isis-flag-what-do-the-words-mean-and-what-are-its-origins-10369601.html.
↑ Haroro Ingram. The ISIS Reader: Milestone Texts of the Islamic State Movement (March 2020)Oxford University Press. p. 149–160. ISBN 978-0-19-750143-6. doi:10.1093/oso/9780197501436.003.0007.
↑ Islamic State: The Changing Face of Modern Jihadism (November 2014)Quilliam Foundation. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Hassan Hassan. The Sectarianism of the Islamic State: Ideological Roots and Political Context (13 June 2016)Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
↑ Zelin, Aaron Y.. The War between ISIS and al-Qaeda for Supremacy of the Global Jihadist Movement. Research Notes 20 (June 2014)The Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Retrieved 9 February 2023.
↑ Zelin, Aaron Y.. The War between ISIS and al-Qaeda for Supremacy of the Global Jihadist Movement. Research Notes 20 (June 2014)The Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Retrieved 9 February 2023.
↑ Caillet, Romain. The Islamic State: Leaving al-Qaeda Behind. Carnegie Middle East Center (27 December 2013).
↑ Zelin, Aaron Y.. The War between ISIS and al-Qaeda for Supremacy of the Global Jihadist Movement. Research Notes 20 (June 2014)The Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Retrieved 9 February 2023.
↑ Al Qaeda claims killing of 48 Syrian soldiers in Iraq (in en). France 24 (2013-03-11). Retrieved 2021-06-21.
↑ محكمة عراقية تحكم بإعدام عضوين بتنظيم "دولة العراق الإسلامية" (23 June 2013).
↑ http://www.moha.gov.my/images/maklumat_bahagian/KK/kdndomestic.pdf Archived 2022-10-09 at ghostarchive.org [Error: unknown archive URL]^{[bare URL PDF]}

[1] Gander, Kashmira (7 July 2015). "Isis flag: What do the words mean and what are its origins?". The Independent. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/isis-flag-what-do-the-words-mean-and-what-are-its-origins-10369601.html.

[ctc29May-2] Haroro Ingram. The ISIS Reader: Milestone Texts of the Islamic State Movement (March 2020)Oxford University Press. p. 149–160. ISBN 978-0-19-750143-6. doi:10.1093/oso/9780197501436.003.0007.

[quilliamfoundation.org-3] Islamic State: The Changing Face of Modern Jihadism (November 2014)Quilliam Foundation. Retrieved 23 June 2015.

[sect-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Hassan Hassan. The Sectarianism of the Islamic State: Ideological Roots and Political Context (13 June 2016)Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

[5] Zelin, Aaron Y.. The War between ISIS and al-Qaeda for Supremacy of the Global Jihadist Movement. Research Notes 20 (June 2014)The Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Retrieved 9 February 2023.

[6] Zelin, Aaron Y.. The War between ISIS and al-Qaeda for Supremacy of the Global Jihadist Movement. Research Notes 20 (June 2014)The Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Retrieved 9 February 2023.

[7] Caillet, Romain. The Islamic State: Leaving al-Qaeda Behind. Carnegie Middle East Center (27 December 2013).

[8] Zelin, Aaron Y.. The War between ISIS and al-Qaeda for Supremacy of the Global Jihadist Movement. Research Notes 20 (June 2014)The Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Retrieved 9 February 2023.

[9] Al Qaeda claims killing of 48 Syrian soldiers in Iraq (in en). France 24 (2013-03-11). Retrieved 2021-06-21.

[10] محكمة عراقية تحكم بإعدام عضوين بتنظيم "دولة العراق الإسلامية" (23 June 2013).

[11] ttp://www.moha.gov.my/images/maklumat_bahagian/KK/kdndomestic.pdf Archived 2022-10-09 at ghostarchive.org [Error: unknown archive URL]^{[bare URL PDF]}

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Islamic State of Iraq
الِاسْلَامِيَّةِ دَوْلَةُ الْعِرَاقِcode: ar is deprecated al-Islāmīyyah ad-Dawlat al-Irāq Participant in the Iraq War, the Iraqi insurgency, the Syrian Civil War, and the Global War on Terrorism
Flag^[1]
Active	15 October 2006 – 8 April 2013^[2]
Ideology	Salafism Salafist jihadism^[3] Wahhabism^[4] Anti-Shi'ism^[4] Qutbism
Leaders	Abu Omar al-Baghdadi † (2006–2010) Leader Abu Ayyub al-Masri † (2006–2010) War Minister and Prime Minister Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi † (2010–2013) Leader
Area of operations	Map of the Islamic State of Iraq and its provinces on 7th of April, 2007
Preceded by	Jaish al-Ta'ifa al-Mansurah (2004–2006)^[5] Jama'at Jaish Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jama`ah (2004–2006) Al-Qaeda in Iraq (2004–2006)^[6] Mujahideen Shura Council (2006)
Succeeded by	Islamic State in Iraq and Syria
Allies	Al-Qaeda^[7]^[8] (until 2013) Al-Nusra Front (2012–2013)
Opponent(s)	Multi-National Force – Iraq Iraq Iraqi Kurdistan Shia militias Awakening Councils Islamic Army in Iraq (sometimes) Naqshbandi Army (sometimes) Syria^[9] Free Syrian Army (Some groups) Kurdish Supreme Committee and allied groups People's Protection Units (YPG) Women's Protection Units (YPJ) Asayish Syriac Military Council (MFS) Sutoro
Battles and war(s)	Iraqi insurgency (2003–2011) Ramadan Offensive (2006) Islamic Army–Al-Qaeda conflict Battle of Haifa Street Operation Imposing Law Operation Phantom Thunder Battle of Baqubah Diyala campaign Operation Phantom Phoenix Operation Phantom Strike 2008 Abu Kamal raid Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013) Akashat ambush Syrian Civil War Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–14) Raqqa campaign (2012–13) Battle of Raqqa Al-Hasakah Governorate campaign (2012–13) 2012–13 escalation of the Syrian Civil War Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)
Designated as a terrorist organisation by
^[10] Malaysia^[11]