Malaysia

Malaysia
Motto:
Anthem:
Capital and largest city	Kuala Lumpur Putrajaya (administrative centre)
Official languages	Malaysian
	Latin alphabet
	English
Ethnic groups	50.4% Malay 23.7% Chinese 11.0% Indigenous  7.1% Indian  7.8% Other
Demonym(s)	Malaysian
Government	Federal constitutional elective monarchy and Federal parliamentary democracy
• King	Abdul Halim
• Prime Minister	Najib Razak (Barisan Nasional)
• Deputy Prime Minister	Muhyiddin Yassin (Barisan Nasional)
Independence
• From the United Kingdom (Malaya only)	31 August 1957
• Federation of Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore	16 September 1963
Area
• Total	329,847 km2 (127,355 sq mi) (67th)
• Water (%)	0.3
Population
• 2010 census	28,334,135 (42nd)
• Density	86/km2 (222.7/sq mi) (114th)
GDP (PPP)	2011 estimate
• Total	$442.010 billion (29th)
• Per capita	$15,385 (47th)
GDP (nominal)	2011 estimate
• Total	$247.781 billion (38th)
• Per capita	$8,624 (58th)
Gini (2002)	46.1 high · 36th
HDI (2011)	0.781 high · 61st
Currency	Ringgit (RM) (MYR)
Time zone	UTC+8 (MST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+8 (Not observed)
Date format	dd-mm-yyyy
Driving side	left
Calling code	+60
ISO 3166 code	MY
Internet TLD	.my
^ a. Kuala Lumpur is the capital city and is home to the legislative branch of the Federal government. Putrajaya is the primary seat of the federal government where the executive and judicial branches are. ^ b. The terminology as per government policy is Bahasa Malaysia (literally Malaysian language) but legislation continues to refer to the official language as Bahasa Melayu (literally Malay language). ^ c. Under the National Language Act 1967: "The script of the national language shall be the Rumi [Latin] script: provided that this shall not prohibit the use of the Malay script, more commonly known as the Jawi script, of the national language." ^ d. English may be used for some purposes under the National Language Act 1967. ^ e. Singapore became an independent country on 9 August 1965.

Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. It is divided into two parts by the South China Sea. Its mainland is on the Malay Peninsula and faces the Straits of Malacca on its West coast and on the South China Sea on its East coast. The other part of this country, sometimes known as East Malaysia, is on the northern part of the island of Borneo on the South China Sea. Kuala Lumpur on the Malay Peninsula is its capital, however the federal capital was recently moved to Putrajaya, a newly created city exclusively designed for administration. It is a federal state made from 13 states.

There are various ethnic groups in Malaysia, Although Malay make up a majority of Malaysia's people, but there are also Chinese and Indian people. Its official language is Malay but English is often used in education and economic scenes. There are over 130 other languages spoken in Malaysia, with 94 in Malaysian Borneo and 40 on the peninsula. Although Islam is their official religion, the citizens have the freedom to practise other religions.

History

Between China and India, Malaysia was an ancient trading place. When Europeans came to this area, Malacca became an important trade port.

The states of Malaysia became a colony of the British Empire. The peninsular part became independent on August 31, 1957 as the Federation of Malaya. In 1963, Malaya, Singapore and the Borneo part joined together to become Malaysia. In 1965, Singapore broke off and declared independence.

Politics and economy

Malaysia has 13 states, they are Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Malacca, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Penang, Sabah, Sarawak, Selangor and Terengganu, and three federal territories, Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya and Labuan. The number of points of the star on the flag represents the number of states Malaysia has, but it has 14 because Singapore was one of the states in Malaysia during its merger. The 14th point now represent the federal territories, called Wilayah Persekutuan. The head of state of Malaysia is known as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, commonly called the "King of Malaysia". That title is currently held by Sultan Abdul Halim of Kedah. Malaysia's head of government is the Prime Minister. Its current prime minister is Dato' Seri Najib Tun Razak. It also has a parliament and a court system. It is a member of ASEAN. Its economy is steadily growing and it is a relatively rich country in Southeast Asia.

Cities

The following is a list of places in Malaysia. They are in order by the date they were given city status.

• George Town (1 January 1957)
• Kuala Lumpur (1 February 1972)
• Ipoh (27 May 1988)
• Kuching (1 August 1988)
• Johor Bahru (1 January 1994)
• Kota Kinabalu (2 February 2000)
• Shah Alam (10 October 2000)
• Malacca City (15 April 2003)
• Alor Setar (21 December 2003)
• Miri (20 May 2005)
• Petaling Jaya (20 June 2006)
• Kuala Terengganu (1 January 2008)

Religion

Malaysia is a multi-religious society, and Islam is the country's official religion. The four main religions are Islam (55.4% of the people), Buddhism (29.2%), Christianity (6.1%, mostly in East Malaysia, i.e., Borneo), and Hinduism (7.8%), according to government census figures in 2009.

Culture

Malaysia is a multi-ethnic, multi-cultural and multilingual society, consisting of 65% Malays and other indigenous tribes, 25% Chinese, 7% Indians. The Malays, which form the largest community, are all Muslims since one has to be Muslim to be legally Malay under Malaysian law. The Malays play a dominant role politically and are included in a grouping identified as bumiputera. Their native language is Malay (Bahasa Melayu).

Food

Laksa is a spicy noodle dish common in Malaysia.

Teh Tarik is a popular drink.

Sports

Malaysia's national sport's centre is the Bukit Jalil Sports Complex. Nicol David (squash) and Lee Chong Wei (badminton) are world number ones from Malaysia. Malaysia has won successful gold medals in the Commonwealth Games 2010 in India, which helps to add up more gold medals. Malaysia breaks their Commonwealth Games record as the most successful in 2010.

Transport

Malaysia's road network covers 98,721 kilometres (61,342 mi) and includes 1,821 kilometres (1,132 mi) of expressways. The longest highway of the country, the North-South Expressway, extends over 800 kilometres (497 mi) between the Thai border and Singapore. The road systems in Sabah and Sarawak are less developed and of lower quality in comparison to that of Peninsular Malaysia. Malaysia has 118 airports, of which 38 are paved. The official airline of Malaysia is Malaysia Airlines, providing international and domestic air service alongside two other carriers. The railway system is state-run, and covers a total of 1,849 kilometres (1,149 mi). There are also Light Rail Transit in Kuala Lumpur.

Other pages

• List of rivers of Malaysia
• Malaysia at the Olympics
• Malaysia national football team

Other websites

• Malaysian Government Portal
• Malaysian maps
• Malaysia Travel Guide - Most comprehensive travel guide to Malaysia attractions