List of Russian monarchs
This is a list of the kings, queens, and other rulers ("monarchs") of Russia, from 862 to 917.
The list starts with Rurik, the ruler (Prince) of a state called Novgorod in 862. It ends with Nicholas the Second, who stopped ruling in 1917. Nicholas the Second and his family were killed in 1918.
Princes of Novgorod
| Monarch | Portrait | Born-Died | Relationship with Predecessor(s) | Ruled from | Ruled until |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rurik | 
|
830-879 | none | 862 | 879 |
| Oleg of Novgorod (regent) | 
|
855-912 | Relative of Rurik and regent of Rurik's son, Prince Igor of Kiev | 879 | 882 |
Grand Princes of Kiev
| Monarch | Portrait | Born-Died | Relationship with Predecessor(s) | Ruled from | Ruled until |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Askold and Dir (non-Rurikids) | 
|
?-882 | none | 842[1][2] or 862 | 882 |
| Oleg of Novgorod (regent) |
|
855-912 | Relative of Rurik and regent of Rurik's son, Prince Igor of Kiev | 882 | Autumn 912 |
| Igor I | 878-945 | Son of Rurik | 879 (in Novgorod, as an heir of Rurik); 913[3] | Autumn 945 | |
| Saint Olga of Kiev (regent) | 
|
890-969 | Igor I's wife and regent of Sviatoslav I of Kiev | 945 | 962 |
| Sviatoslav I the Great | 
|
942–972 | Son of Igor I and Olga of Kiev | Autumn 945 | March 972 |
| Yaropolk I | 
|
950-980 | Son of Sviatoslav I | March 972 | 11 June 980 |
| Saint Vladimir I the Great | 
|
958–1015 | Younger son of Sviatoslav I, brother of Yaropolk I | 11 June 980 | 15 July 1015 |
| Sviatopolk I the Accursed | 
|
980–1019 | Son of Vladimir I | 15 July 1015 | Autumn 1016 |
| Yaroslav I the Wise | 
|
978–1054 | Younger son of Vladimir I, brother of Sviatopolk I | Autumn 1016 | Summer 1018 |
| Sviatopolk I the Accursed |
|
980–1019 | Son of Vladimir I | 14 August 1018 | 27 July 1019 |
| Yaroslav I the Wise |
|
978–1054 | Younger son of Vladimir I, Younger brother of Sviatopolk I | 27 July 1019 | 20 February 1054 |
| Iziaslav I | 
|
1024–1078 | First son of Yaroslav I | 20 February 1054 | 15 September 1068 |
| Vseslav of Polotsk | 
|
1039–1101 | Great-Grandson of Vladimir I. Usurped the Kievan Throne | 15 September 1068 | 29 April 1069 |
| Iziaslav I |
|
1024–1078 | First son of Yaroslav I | 2 May 1069 | 22 March 1073 |
| Sviatoslav II | 
|
1027–1076 | Third son of Yaroslav I | 22 March 1073 | 27 December 1076 |
| Vsevolod I | 
|
1030–1093 | Fourth son of Yaroslav I | 1 January 1077 | 15 July 1077 |
| Iziaslav I |
|
1024–1078 | First son of Yaroslav I | 15 July 1077 | 3 October 1078 |
| Vsevolod I |
|
1030–1093 | Fourth son of Yaroslav I | 3 October 1078 | 13 April 1093 |
| Sviatopolk II | 
|
1050–1113 | Son of Iziaslav I | 24 April 1093 | 16 April 1113 |
| Vladimir II Monomakh | 
|
1053–1125 | Son of Vsevolod I | 20 April 1113 | 19 May 1125 |
| Mstislav the Great | .jpg)
|
1076–1132 | Son of Vladimir II | 20 May 1125 | 15 April 1132 |
| Yaropolk II | 
|
1082–1139 | Son of Vladimir II, Younger brother of Mstislav | 17 April 1132 | 18 February 1139 |
| Viacheslav I | 
|
1083-2 February 1154 | Son of Vladimir II | 22 February 1139 | 4 March 1139 |
| Vsevolod II | 
|
1084-1146 | Grandson of Sviatoslav II | 5 March 1139 | 30 July 1146 |
| Igor II | 
|
1096-19 September 1146 | Grandson of Sviatoslav II | 1 August 1146 | 13 August 1146 |
| Iziaslav II Panteleimon | 
|
1097–1154 | Older son of Mstislav | 13 August 1146 | 23 August 1149 |
| Yuri I the Long Arms | 
|
1099–1157 | Younger brother of Mstislav | 28 August 1149 | Summer 1150 |
| Viacheslav I |
|
1083-2 February 1154 | Son of Vladimir II | Summer 1150 | Summer 1150 |
| Iziaslav II Panteleimon |
|
1097–1154 | Older son of Mstislav | Summer 1150 | Summer 1150 |
| Yuri I the Long Arms |
|
1099–1157 | Younger brother of Mstislav | August 1150 | Winter 1151 |
| Iziaslav II Panteleimon |
|
1097–1154 | Older son of Mstislav | Winter 1151 | 13 November 1154 |
| Viacheslav I |
|
1083-2 February 1154 | Son of Vladimir II | Spring 1151 | 6 February 1154 |
| Rostislav I | 
|
1110–1165 | Second son of Mstislav | 1154 | January 1155 |
| Iziaslav III | 
|
?-1162 | Grandson of Sviatoslav II | January 1155 | 1155 |
| Yuri I the Long Arms |
|
1099–1157 | Younger brother of Mstislav | 20 March 1155 | 15 May 1157 |
| Iziaslav III |
|
?-1162 | Grandson of Sviatoslav II | 19 May 1157 | December 1158 |
| Mstislav II | 
|
1125–1170 | Son of Iziaslav III | 22 December 1158 | Spring 1159 |
| Rostislav I |
|
1110–1167 | Second son of Mstislav | 12 April 1159 | 8 February 1161 |
| Iziaslav III |
|
?-1162 | Grandson of Sviatoslav II | 12 February 1161 | 6 March 1161 |
| Rostislav I |
|
1110–1167 | Second son of Mstislav | March 1161 | 14 March 1167 |
| Vladimir III | 1132–1173 | Younger son of Mstislav | Spring 1167 | Spring 1167 | |
| Mstislav II |
|
1125–1170 | Son of Iziaslav III | 19 May 1167 | 12 March 1169 |
Grand Princes of Vladimir
| Monarch | Portrait | Born-Died | Relationship with Predecessor(s) | Ruled from | Ruled until |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saint Andrei I Bogolyubsky | 
|
1110–1174 | Son of Yuri I | 15 May 1157 | 29 June 1174 |
| Mikhail I | 
|
?-1176 | Brother of Andrei I | 1174 | September 1174 |
| Yaropolk | ?-after 1196 | Grandson of Vladimir II | 1174 | 15 June 1175 | |
| Mikhail I |
|
?-1176 | Brother of Andrei I | 15 June 1175 | 20 June 1176 |
| Vsevolod III the Big Nest | 
|
1154–1212 | Brother of Andrei I and Mikhail I | June 1176 | 15 April 1212 |
| Yuri II | .jpg)
|
1189–1238 | Son of Vsevolod III | 1212 | 27 April 1216 |
| Konstantin of Rostov | .jpg)
|
1186–1218 | Son of Vsevolod III | Spring 1216 | 2 February 1218 |
| Yuri II |
|
1189–1238 | Son of Vsevolod III | February 1218 | 4 March 1238 |
| Yaroslav II | .jpeg)
|
1191–1246 | Son of Vsevolod III | 1238 | 30 September 1246 |
| Sviatoslav III | 1196–3 February 1252 | Son of Vsevolod III | 1246 | 1248 | |
| Mikhail Khorobrit | 1229–15 January 1248 | Son of Yaroslav II | 1248 | 15 January 1248 | |
| Sviatoslav III | 1196– 3 February 1252 | Son of Vsevolod III | 1248 | 1249 | |
| Andrey II | 
|
1221–1264 | Son of Yaroslav II | December 1249 | 24 July 1252 |
| Saint Alexander I Nevsky | 
|
1220–1263 | Son of Yaroslav II | 1252 | 14 November 1263 |
| Yaroslav III | 
|
1230–1272 | Son of Yaroslav II | 1264 | 1271 |
| Vasily of Kostroma | 
|
1241–1276 | Son of Yaroslav II | 1272 | January 1277 |
| Dmitry of Pereslavl | 
|
1250–1294 | Son of St. Alexander | 1277 | 1281 |
| Andrey III | 
|
1255–1304 | Son of St. Alexander | 1281 | December 1283 |
| Dmitry of Pereslavl |
|
1250–1294 | Son of St. Alexander | December 1283 | 1293 |
| Andrey III |
|
1255–1304 | Son of St. Alexander | 1293 | 1304 |
| Saint Michael of Tver | 
|
1271–1318 | Son of Yaroslav III | Autumn 1304 | 22 November 1318 |
| Yuri (III) of Moscow | 
|
1281–1325 | Grandson of St. Alexander | 1318 | 2 November 1322 |
| Dmitry I the Terrible Eyes | 
|
1299–1326 | Son of St. Michael | 1322 | 15 September 1326 |
| Alexander of Tver | 
|
1281–1339 | Son of St. Michael | 1326 | 1327 |
| Alexander of Suzdal | ?–1331 | Grandson of Andrey II | 1328 | 1331 | |
| Ivan I of Moscow Kalita | 
|
1288–1340 | Grandson of St. Alexander | 1332 | 31 March 1340 |
Since 1331 the title of the Grand Princes of Vladimir was assigned to the Princes of Moscow.
Grand Princes of Moscow
| Monarch | Portrait | Relationship with Predecessor(s) | Birth | Marriage | Ruled from | Ruled until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daniel | .jpg)
|
Son of St. Alexander | 1261 | unknown | 1283 | 4 March 1303 | 4 March 1303, Moscow, Russia |
| Yury |
|
Son of Daniel | 1281 | unknown | 4 March 1303 | 21 November 1325 | 21 November 1325, Moscow, Russia |
| Ivan I Kalita |
|
Son of Daniel | 1288 | Helena 9 children |
21 November 1325 | 31 March 1340 | 31 March 1340, Moscow, Russia |
| Simeon the Proud | 
|
Son of Ivan I | 7 November 1316 | Anastasia of Lithuania no children Euphraxia of Smolensk no children Maria of Tver 4 sons (died young) |
31 March 1340 | 27 April 1353 | 27 April 1353, Moscow, Russia |
| Ivan II the Handsome | 
|
Son of Ivan I | 30 March 1326 | Fedosia Dmitrievna of Bryansk no children Alexandra Ivanovna Velyaminova 4 children |
27 April 1353 | 13 November 1359 | 13 November 1359, Moscow, Russia |
| Saint Dmitry I Donskoy | 
|
Son of Ivan II | 12 October 1350 | Eudoxia Dmitrievna of Nizhny Novgorod 12 children |
13 November 1359 | 19 May 1389 | 19 May 1389, Moscow, Russia |
| Vasily I | 
|
Son of Dmitry I | 30 December 1371 | Sophia of Lithuania 9 children |
19 May 1389 | 27 February 1425 | 27 February 1425, Moscow, Russia |
| Vasily II the Blind | 
|
Son of Vasily I | 10 March 1415 | Maria Yaroslavna of Borovsk 3 children |
27 February 1425 | 30 March 1434 | 27 March 1462, Moscow, Russia |
| Yury of Zvenigorod | no image | Son of Dmitry I | 26 November 1374 | Anastasia Yurynovna 3 children |
31 March 1434 | 5 June 1434 | 5 June 1434, Moscow, Russia |
| Vasily Kosoy | no image | Son of Yury of Zvenigorod | 1421 | 5 June 1434 | 1435 | 1435, Moscow, Russia | |
| Vasily II the Blind |
|
Son of Vasily I | 10 March 1415 | Maria Yaroslavna of Borovsk 3 children |
1435 | 1446 | 27 March 1462, Moscow, Russia |
| Dmitry Shemyaka | no image | Son of Yury of Zvenigorod | 1446 | 26 March 1447 | 1453, Moscow, Russia | ||
| Vasily II the Blind |
|
Son of Vasily I | 10 March 1415 | Maria Yaroslavna of Borovsk 3 children |
27 February 1447 | 27 March 1462 | 27 March 1462, Moscow, Russia |
| Ivan III the Great | 
|
Son of Vasily II | 22 January 1440 | Maria Borisovna of Tver one son Sophia Palaiologina 8 children |
5 April 1462 | 6 November 1505 | 6 November 1505, Moscow, Russia |
| Vasily III | 
|
Son of Ivan III | 25 March 1479 | Solomonia Yuryevna Saburova no children Elana Vasilyevna Glinskaya 2 sons |
6 November 1505 | 13 December 1533 | 13 December 1533, Moscow, Russia |
| Ivan IV the Terrible | 
|
Son of Vasily III | 25 August 1530 | unmarried as Prince | 13 December 1533 | 26 January 1547 | 28 March 1584 |
Tsars of Russia
Dates are listed in the Old Style, which continued to be used in Russia.
House of Rurikovich
| Monarch | Portrait | Relationship with Predecessor(s) | Birth | Marriage | Ruled from | Ruled until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ivan IV the Terrible |
|
Son of Vasily III | 25 August 1530, Kolomenskoye, Russia | Anastasia Romanovna Zakharyina-Yurieva 6 children Maria Temryukovna one son (died young) Marfa Vasilevna Sobakina Anna Alexeievna Koltovskaya Anna Vasilchikova Vasilisa Melentyeva Maria Dolgorukaya Maria Feodorovna Nagaya |
26 January 1547 | 28 March 1584 | 28 March 1584, Moscow, Russia |
| Simeon II | no image | None | Anastasia Mstislavskaya (great great granddaughter of Ivan III) |
1575 | 1576 | 5 January 1616, Moscow, Russia | |
| Feodor I | .jpg)
|
Son of Ivan IV | 31 May 1557, Moscow, Russia | Irina Feodorovna Godunova one daughter |
28 March 1584 | 17 January 1598 | 17 January 1598, Moscow, Russia |
Time of Troubles
House of Godunov
| Monarch | Portrait | Relationship with Predecessor(s) | Birth | Marriage | Ruled from | Ruled until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Irina (disputed) | 
|
Wife of Feodor I | c.1557 | Feodor I of Russia a daughter |
7 January 1598 | 15 January 1598 | 29 October 1603, Moscow, Russia |
| Boris I | .jpg)
|
Brother of Irina | c.1551, Vyazma, Russia | Maria Grigorievna Skuratova-Belskaya 2 children |
21 February 1598 | 13 April 1605 | 13 April 1605, Moscow, Russia |
| Feodor II | 
|
Son of Boris I | 1589, Moscow, Russia | unmarried, no children | 13 April 1605 | 1 June 1605 | 1 June 1605, Moscow, Russia |
Pseudo-Rurikovich usurpers
| Monarch | Portrait | Relationship with Predecessor(s) | Birth | Marriage | Ruled from | Ruled until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| False Dmitry I (Grigory Bogdanovich Otrepyev) |
|
None | c. 1581 | Marina Mniszech no children |
1 June 1605 | 17 May 1606 | 17 May 1606, Moscow, Russia |
| False Dmitry II | 
|
None | c. 1582 | Marina Mniszech one son (posthumous) |
10 July 1607 | 11 December 1610 | 11 December 1610, Kaluga, Russia |
| False Dmitry III (Sidorka) | no image | None | unknown | unknown | 28 March 1611 | 18 May 1612 | July 1612 |
House of Shuysky
| Monarch | Portrait | Relationship with Predecessor(s) | Birth | Marriage | Ruled from | Ruled until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vasiliy IV | 
|
Ninth generation descendant of Andrei II in the male line | 22 September 1552, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia | Elena Mikhailovna Repnina no children Maria Buynosova-Rostovskaya 2 children |
19 May 1606 | 17 July 1610 (deposed) | 12 September 1612, Gostynin, Poland |
House of Vasa
| Monarch | Portrait | Relationship with Predecessor(s) | Birth | Marriage | Ruled from | Ruled until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vladislav I | 
|
None | 9 June 1595, Łobzów, Poland | Cecilia Renata of Austria a daughter and a son, Sigismund Casimir Marie Louise Gonzaga no children |
6 September 1610 | November 1612 (deposed) 14 June 1634 (resigned his claim) |
20 May 1648, Merkinė, Lithuania |
House of Romanov
| Monarch | Portrait | Relationship with Predecessor(s) | Birth | Marriage | Ruled from | Ruled until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Michael I | 
|
First cousin once removed of Feodor I | 12 July 1596 Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy |
Maria Vladimirovna Dolgorukova 1624 one stillborn child Eudoxia Lukyanovna Streshneva 5 February 1626 ten children |
26 July 1613 | 12 July 1645 | 12 July 1645, Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy |
| Alexis I the Quietest | .jpg)
|
Son of Michael I | 9 May 1629 Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy |
Maria Ilyinichna Miloslavskaya 17 January 1648 13 children Natalia Kirillovna Naryshkina 1 February 1671 3 children |
12 July 1645 | 29 January 1676 | 29 January 1676, Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy |
| Feodor III | 
|
Son of Alexis I | 9 June 1661 Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy |
Agaphia Simeonovna Grushevskaya 28 July 1680 one son Marfa Matveievna Apraksina 24 February 1682 no children |
29 January 1676 | 7 May 1682 | 7 May 1682, Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy |
| Sophia (regent) | .jpg)
|
Daughter of Alexis I | 17 September 1657 Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy |
unmarried, no children | 17 May 1682 | 27 August 1689 | 3 July 1704, Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy |
| Ivan V jointly with Peter I |
.jpg)
|
Son of Alexis I | 6 September 1666 Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy |
Praskovia Feodorovna Saltykova 1684 5 daughters |
2 June 1682 | 8 February 1696 | 8 February 1696, Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy |
| Peter I the Great jointly with Ivan V 1682–1696 |
|
Son of Alexis I | 9 June 1672 Moscow, Tsardom of Muscovy |
Eudoxia Feodorovna Lopukhina 1689 3 children Marta Helena Skowrońska 1707 9 children |
2 June 1682 | 2 November 1721 | 8 February 1725, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire |
Emperors of Russia
| Monarch | Portrait | Relationship with Predecessor(s) | Birth | Marriage | Ruled from | Ruled until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peter I the Great |
|
Son of Alexis I | 9 June 1672 Moscow, Tsardom of Russia |
Eudoxia Feodorovna Lopukhina 1689 3 children Marta Helena Skowrońska 1707 9 children |
2 November 1721 | 8 February 1725 | 8 February 1725, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire |
| Catherine I | 
|
Wife of Peter I | 15 April 1684 Ringen (Rõngu), Duchy of Livonia, Sweden |
Peter I of Russia 1707 9 children |
8 February 1725 | 17 May 1727 | 17 May 1727, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire |
| Peter II | _detail.jpg)
|
Grandson of Peter I | 23 October 1715 St. Petersburg, Tsardom of Russia |
unmarried | 18 May 1727 | 30 January 1730 | 30 January 1730, Moscow, Russian Empire |
| Anna | .jpg)
|
Daughter of Ivan V | 7 February 1693 Moscow, Tsardom of Russia |
Frederick Wilhelm, Duke of Courland November 1710 no children |
13 February 1730 | 28 October 1740 | 28 October 1740, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire |
| Ivan VI | _detail_01.jpg)
|
Great-grandson of Ivan V | 23 August 1740 St. Petersburg, Russian Empire |
unmarried | 28 October 1740 | 6 December 1741 | 16 July 1764 (murdered) Shlisselburg, Russian Empire |
| Elizabeth | 
|
Daughter of Peter I | 29 December 1709 Kolomenskoye, Tsardom of Russia |
Alexey Razumovsky 1742 no children |
6 December 1741 | 5 January 1762 | 5 January 1762, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire |
| Peter III | .jpg)
|
Grandson of Peter I | 21 February 1728 Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein |
Princess Sophie Friederike Auguste of Anhalt-Zerbst 16 August 1745 one son |
9 January 1762 | 9 July 1762 | 17 July 1762 (murdered), Ropsha, Russian Empire |
| Catherine II the Great | .jpg)
|
Wife of Peter III | 2 May 1729 Stettin, Kingdom of Prussia |
Peter III of Russia 16 August 1745 one son |
9 July 1762 | 17 November 1796 | 17 November 1796, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire |
| Paul I | 
|
Son of Peter III | 1 October 1754 St. Petersburg, Russian Empire |
Princess Wilhelmina Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt 29 September 1773 one stillborn son Princess Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg 26 September 1776 ten children |
17 November 1796 | 23 March 1801 | 23 March 1801 (assassinated) St. Petersburg, Russian Empire |
| Alexander I the Blessed | .jpg)
|
Son of Paul I | 23 December 1777 St. Petersburg, Russian Empire |
Princess Louise of Baden 28 September 1793 2 daughters |
23 March 1801 | 1 December 1825 | 1 December 1825, Taganrog, Russian Empire |
| Constantine I (disputed) | .jpg)
|
Son of Paul I | 27 April 1779 Tsarskoye Selo, Russian Empire |
Princess Juliane of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld 26 February no children |
1 December 1825 | 26 December 1825 | 27 June 1831 Vitebsk, Russian Empire |
| Nicholas I | 
|
Son of Paul I | 6 July 1796 Gatchina, Russian Empire |
Princess Charlotte of Prussia 13 July 1817 7 children |
1 December 1825 | 2 March 1855 | 2 March 1855, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire |
| Alexander II the Liberator | 
|
Son of Nicholas I | 29 April 1818 Moscow, Russian Empire |
Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine 16 April 1841 8 children |
2 March 1855 | 13 March 1881 | 13 March 1881 (assassinated) St. Petersburg, Russian Empire |
| Alexander III the Peace-Maker | 
|
Son of Alexander II | 10 March 1845 St. Petersburg, Russian Empire |
Princess Dagmar of Denmark 9 November 1866 6 children |
13 March 1881 | 1 November 1894 | 1 November 1894 Livadiya, Russian Empire |
| Saint Nicholas II | 
|
Son of Alexander III | 6 May 1868 Tsarskoye Selo, Russian Empire |
Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine 26 November 1894 5 children |
1 November 1894 | 15 March 1917 | 17 July 1918 (executed) Yekaterinburg, Russian SFSR |
| Michael II (disputed) | 
|
Son of Alexander III | 22 November 1878 Tsarskoye Selo, Russian Empire |
Natalia Brassova 15 October 1911 one son (born before his parents' marriage) |
15 March 1917 | 16 March 1917 (formally, 1 September 1917, the formal abolishment of monarchy) | 12 June 1918 (murdered) Perm, Russian SFSR |
References
- ↑ Suszko, Henryk (2003). Latopis hustyński. Opracowanie, przekład i komentarze. Slavica Wratislaviensia CXXIV. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego. ISBN 83-229-2412-7; Tolochko, Oleksiy (2010). The Hustyn' Chronicle. (Harvard Library of Early Ukrainian Literature: Texts) ISBN 978-1-932650-03-7
- ↑ according to the Tale of Bygone Years, the date is not clearly identified
- ↑ officially