Nationalist Government

Republic of China
中華民國
Republic of China 中華民國
1925–1949
	Anthem: Flag anthem: "National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China" (1947–1948)
	Land controlled by the Republic of China in 1945 shown in dark green; uncontrolled claims shown in light green.
Capital	Guangzhou (1925–1926); Nanjing (1927–1937, 1946–1949); Wuhan (1927, 1937–1938); Luoyang (1932); Chongqing (1938–1946);
Official languages	Standard Chinese
Demonym(s)	Chinese
Government	Unitary provisional government under a military dictatorship (1925–1928); Unitary one-party directorial republic under a military dictatorship (1928–1947); Unitary dominant-party constitutional republic (1947–1948);
De-facto leader
• 1926–1948	Chiang Kai-shek
Premier
• 1928–1930 (first)	Tan Yankai
• 1947–1948 (last)	Zhang Qun
President
• 1928 (first)	Tan Yankai
• 1943–1948 (last)	Chiang Kai-shek
Legislature	National Assembly
• Upper house	Control Yuan
• Lower house	Legislative Yuan
History
•	1 July 1925
• Northern Expedition	1926–1928
• Reset in Nanjing	18 April 1927
• Chinese Civil War	1927–1936, 1946–1950
• Second Sino-Japanese War	7 July 1937 – 2 September 1945
• Admitted to the United Nations	24 October 1945
• Retrocession of Taiwan and the Pescadores	25 October 1945
• February 28 incident	28 February 1947
• Constitution adopted	25 December 1947
•	20 May 1948
Currency	Chinese yuan; Old Taiwan dollar (1946–1949);
ISO 3166 code	CN
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Army and Navy Marshal stronghold of the Republic of China
	Beiyang government
Government of the Republic of China

The Nationalist Government (Mandarin: 國民政府, Romanized: Guómín zhèngfǔ), simply known as the Nationalist Government of the Republic of China (Mandarin: 中華民國國民政府, Romanized: Zhōnghuá mínguó guómín zhèngfǔ) was the ruling government of mainland China and the island of Taiwan from 1925 until 1949, after the end of the Chinese Civil War.

Led by the Nationalist (KMT) or Kuomintang party, it was officially formed on the 1 of July 1925 in Guangzhou. After the Northern Expedition, the KMT would overthrow the Beiyang government of the Republic of China. Soon after the Chinese Civil War would begin, and then the government would fall in 1949.^[3]^[4]

↑ Lloyd E. Eastman (1991). The Nationalist Era in China, 1927-1949. Cambridge University Press. pp. 3, 50. ISBN 9780521392730. Under Chiang's aegis, the Nationalist government in Nanking transformed into a military dictatorship"; "The military continued to hold ultimate power... The regime was a dictatorship built on and maintained by military power.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Lloyd E. Eastman (1991). The Nationalist Era in China, 1927-1949. Cambridge University Press. pp. 20–21. ISBN 9780521392730. It would be a mistake, however, to devote exclusive attention to the structure of the Nationalist government or to the formal relationship between, say, the Executive Yuan and the Legislative Yuan. For, regardless of the formal positions that Chiang Kai-shek held in the party, government or army, he wielded ultimate authority over the regime as a whole.
↑ "Taiwan in Time: The great retreat - Taipei Times". www.taipeitimes.com. 4 December 2016. Retrieved 7 March 2025.
↑
Nationalist Government Media
- The National Anthem of the Republic of China, recorded in 1942. After the Kuomintang took control of Mainland China.
- National Flag Anthem*
- Organisational chart of the KMT regime in 1934
- War Declaration against Japan by the Chongqing Nationalist Government on 9 December 1941
- Headquarters of the National Government in Nanjing
- The NRA during World War II
- KMT troops rounding up Communist prisoners for execution
- A currency bill from 1930, early ROC
- The Bund of Shanghai in the 1930s
"Chinese Civil War (1928-1949)".

[1] Lloyd E. Eastman (1991). The Nationalist Era in China, 1927-1949. Cambridge University Press. pp. 3, 50. ISBN 9780521392730. Under Chiang's aegis, the Nationalist government in Nanking transformed into a military dictatorship"; "The military continued to hold ultimate power... The regime was a dictatorship built on and maintained by military power.

[defactoleader-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Lloyd E. Eastman (1991). The Nationalist Era in China, 1927-1949. Cambridge University Press. pp. 20–21. ISBN 9780521392730. It would be a mistake, however, to devote exclusive attention to the structure of the Nationalist government or to the formal relationship between, say, the Executive Yuan and the Legislative Yuan. For, regardless of the formal positions that Chiang Kai-shek held in the party, government or army, he wielded ultimate authority over the regime as a whole.

[3] "Taiwan in Time: The great retreat - Taipei Times". www.taipeitimes.com. 4 December 2016. Retrieved 7 March 2025.

[4] 
Nationalist Government Media

The National Anthem of the Republic of China, recorded in 1942. After the Kuomintang took control of Mainland China.

National Flag Anthem*

Organisational chart of the KMT regime in 1934

War Declaration against Japan by the Chongqing Nationalist Government on 9 December 1941

Headquarters of the National Government in Nanjing

The NRA during World War II

KMT troops rounding up Communist prisoners for execution

A currency bill from 1930, early ROC

The Bund of Shanghai in the 1930s

"Chinese Civil War (1928-1949)".

[5] The National Anthem of the Republic of China, recorded in 1942. After the Kuomintang took control of Mainland China.

[6] National Flag Anthem*

[7] Organisational chart of the KMT regime in 1934

[8] War Declaration against Japan by the Chongqing Nationalist Government on 9 December 1941

[9] Headquarters of the National Government in Nanjing

[10] The NRA during World War II

[11] KMT troops rounding up Communist prisoners for execution

[12] A currency bill from 1930, early ROC

[13] The Bund of Shanghai in the 1930s

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Nationalist Government

Nationalist Government Media