South Ossetia
South Ossetia (/ɒˈsɛtjə/, less commonly /ɒˈsiːʃə/),[4] officially the Republic of South Ossetia – the State of Alania,[5][6] or the Tskhinvali Region, is a de facto,[7] disputed territory recognised as part of Georgia in the Caucasus region.
Republic of South Ossetia – The State of Alania
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| Anthem: | |
.png) South Ossetia (green), Georgia, and Abkhazia (light grey). | |
 Map of South Ossetia. | |
| Status | Partially recognised state Recognised by the United Nations as de jure part of Georgia |
| Capital and largest city | Tskhinvali 42°14′N 43°58′E / 42.233°N 43.967°E |
| Official languages | |
| Government | Semi-presidential republic |
| Alan Gagloyev | |
| Gennady Bekoyev | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Independence from Georgia | |
• Formed as part of USSR | 20 September 1990[1] |
• Act of state independence | 21 December 1991 |
• Recognized | 26 August 2008 (limited) |
| Area | |
• Total | Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1850: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2015 census | 53,532 (212th) |
• Density | Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1850: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). |
| GDP (nominal) | 2017[2] estimate |
• Total | US$0.1 billion |
• Per capita | US$2,000 |
| Currency | Russian ruble (RUB) |
| Time zone | UTC+03:00 (MSK) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +995 34 |
South Ossetia was a Soviet oblast (region) with some self-rule and controlled big parts of the region. When it declared its independence in 1990, Georgia tried to take back the region by force and it led to the 1991-1992 South Ossetia War.[8] Georgia tried to retake South Ossetia again in 2004 and in 2008.[9] In 2008, Ossetia's fighters were backed by Russian troops and they gained full control of the region, but its separation from Georgia has only been recognized by three other countries (Russia, Nicaragua and Venezuela) and Abkhazia[10][11] (a similar place), and it is de jure (officially) a part of the Georgian region (mkhare) of Shida Kartli.
Internationally regarded as a Russian occupied territory of Georgia, Georgia itself refuses to recognize rebel South Ossetia as an independent state; the government calls it by the medieval name of Samachablo or, more recently, Tskhinvali region (after the republic's capital).
South Ossetia is a geographical state that borders North Ossetia-Alania to the north which is not an independent entity due to it being part of Russia.
South Ossetia relies heavily on Russian aid.[12][13][14]
Sometimes, South Ossetia, Transnistria, Nagorno-Karabakh, and Abkhazia are named collectively as post-Soviet "frozen conflict" zones.[15][16]
Geography
South Ossetia is situated at central Caucasus, a border between Asia and Europe. It occupies a part of Greater Caucasus range and the foothills of Kartalin Valley.[17] South Ossetia is a very mountainous region.
South Ossetia Media
Anthem of South Ossetia (short vocal)
Fragment of 1856 map by J. H. Colton depicting Caucasus region. Modern South Ossetia is located below the green "Ossia", which approximately corresponds to modern North Ossetia.
Historical Russian map of the Caucasus region at the beginning of the 19th century
Ossetian migration over time
Democratic Republic of Georgia (1918–1921) in 1921
Creation of South Ossetian AO on historical Georgian regions in 1922
Map of the South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast in 1922
Map of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1957–1991
Georgian Civil War from October to December 1993
South Ossetia before the war
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Related pages
Notes
- ↑ "Unrecognized states: South Ossetia" (in русский). 28 January 2014. Archived from the original on 5 May 2014. Retrieved 5 May 2014.
- ↑ "Валовой внутренний продукт". Archived from the original on 13 April 2018. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
- ↑ Presidential Elections in South Ossetia – Plan B
The first round of voting was accompanied by a referendum in which the Ossetians were to decide whether Russian should become the second official language of South Ossetia. Nearly 85 per cent of the voters supported the referendum.
- ↑ "Ossetia" Archived 23 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine. Collins English Dictionary.
- ↑ "South Ossetia Referendum on Name Change Steers Clear of Thornier Unification Issue". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Archived from the original on 14 September 2017. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
- ↑ "Referendum to rename South Ossetia 'Alania' set for April". OC Media. 7 February 2017. Archived from the original on 24 July 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
- ↑ De facto - in practice, not necessarily in law
- ↑ The Foreign Policy of Russia: Changing Systems, Enduring Interests. Robert H. Donaldson, Joseph L. Nogee. M.E. Sharpe. 2005. p. 199. ISBN 9780765615688.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ↑ Charles King (2008). "The Five-Day War: Managing Moscow After the Georgia Crisis" (PDF). Foreign Affairs. Georgetown University (November/December). Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 September 2014. Retrieved 22 June 2010.
- ↑ Hille, Charlotte (2010), Companjen, Françoise; Versteegh, Lia; Marácz, László (eds.), "The Recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia: A New Era in International Law", Exploring the Caucasus in the 21st Century: Essays on Culture, History and Politics in a Dynamic Context, Amsterdam University Press, pp. 195–210, ISBN 978-90-485-1162-4, retrieved 2023-10-16
- ↑ "Chavez Recognizes South Ossetia, Abkhazia" (in en). RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. https://www.rferl.org/a/Chavez_Visits_Russia_To_Discuss_Arms_Energy_Deals/1819273.html. Retrieved 2023-10-16.
- ↑ South Ossetia Looking Much Like a Failed State. http://www.themoscowtimes.com/opinion/article/south-ossetia-looking-much-like-a-failed-state/408685.html. Retrieved 2010-07-12.
- ↑ "NATO Membership Would Strain Georgia's Ties with Russia – Medvedev". RIA Novosti. 2013-08-07. http://sputniknews.com/russia/20130807/182614986/NATO-Membership-Would-Strain-Georgias-Ties-with-Russia--Medvedev.html. Retrieved 23 October 2015.
- ↑ Smolar, Piotr (2013-10-08). "Georgia wary of Russian encroachment". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/oct/08/georgia-russia-border-conflict-south-ossetia. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
- ↑ OSCE: De Gucht Discusses Montenegro Referendum, Frozen Conflicts Archived 27 March 2014 at the Wayback Machine, GlobalSecurity.org Archived 28 February 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty Archived 24 February 2011 at the Wayback Machine, May 2006
- ↑ Vladimir Socor, "Frozen Conflicts in the Black Sea-South Caucasus Region". Archived from the original on June 5, 2013. Retrieved 2014-03-26.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link), IASPS Policy Briefings, 1 March 2004 - ↑ "About the Republic of South Ossetia". Archived from the original on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 31 December 2012.
