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South Sudan

South Sudan is a country in Africa. Its official name is the Republic of South Sudan.[8] It used to be a part of Sudan. A civil war began in 2013.

Republic of South Sudan
Flag of South Sudan
Motto: 
Anthem: 
South Sudan (orthographic projection).svg
Location of South Sudan
Capital
and largest city
Juba
04°51′N 31°36′E / 4.850°N 31.600°E / 4.850; 31.600
Official languages
  • English
  • Swahili
  • Arabic
Demonym(s)South Sudanese
GovernmentUnitary presidential constitutional republic
• President
[[yok kek nguan]]
Reat Nhial Tuany
Taban Deng Gai
LegislatureNational Legislature
• Upper house
Council of States
• Lower house
National Legislative Assembly
Establishment
1 January 1956
6 January 2005
• Autonomy
9 July 2005
• Independence from Sudan
9 July 2011
13 July 2011
Area
• Total
Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1850: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). (41st)
Population
• 2016 estimate
12,230,730[1]
• 2008 census
8,260,490 (disputed)[2] (94th)
• Density
Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1850: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). (214th)
GDP (PPP)2017 estimate
• Total
$20.038 billion[3]
• Per capita
$1,525[3]
GDP (nominal)2017 estimate
• Total
$3.618 billion[3]
• Per capita
$275[3]
Gini (2009)45.5[4]
medium
HDI (2015)Decrease 0.418[5]
low · 181st
CurrencySouth Sudanese pound (SSP)
Time zoneUTC+3 (East Africa Time)
Driving sideright
Calling code+211[6]
ISO 3166 codeSS
Internet TLD.ss[7]a
  1. Registered, but not yet operational.
The ten states of South Sudan grouped in the three historical provinces of the Sudan.
     Bahr el Ghazal      Equatoria      Greater Upper Nile

The landlocked country is bordered by Ethiopia to the east; Kenya to the southeast; Uganda to the south; the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the southwest; the Central African Republic to the west; and the Republic of Sudan to the north. South Sudan includes the vast swamp region of the Sudd formed by the White Nile, locally called the Bahr al Jabal.

History

What is now South Sudan was once part of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. This part of the British Empire became the Republic of Sudan when independence was achieved in 1956. After the First Sudanese Civil War, the Southern Sudan Autonomous Region was formed in 1972 and lasted until 1983. A second Sudanese civil war soon developed and ended with the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005. Later that year, the Autonomous Government of Southern Sudan was formed. South Sudan became an independent state on 9 July 2011 at midnight local time,[9][10] after a referendum held in January 2011. In the referendum, nearly 99% of voters wanted to separate from the rest of Sudan.[11]

The United Nations Security Council met on 13 July 2011 to formally discuss membership for the Republic of South Sudan. The next day, 14 July 2011, South Sudan became a United Nations member state.[12][13] South Sudan has also applied to join the Commonwealth of Nations,[14] the East African Community,[15][16] the Intergovernmental Authority on Development,[17] the International Monetary Fund,[18] and the World Bank.[19] The country was declared eligible to apply for membership in the Arab League as well.[20]

At the 2012 Summer Olympics, one athlete from South Sudan competed under the flag of the International Olympic Committee.[21] In 2013 a civil war broke out.

Geography

Its capital is Juba. Between eight and twelve million people live there. Over 200 languages are spoken, but the official language is English. Arabic is also spoken by many people.

The main religion is Christianity, practised by nearly 78% of the population. Another 20% practise African traditional religions, and just 3% are Muslim.

Much of South Sudan's economy is based on oil, but they also have a large lumber industry mainly consisting of teak. It is a very poor and under-developed country. There is very little infrastructure, and the civil wars have caused a lot of damage.

References

  1. ↑ "World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision". ESA.UN.org (custom data acquired via website). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 10 September 2017.
  2. ↑ "Discontent over Sudan census". News24.com. 21 May 2009. http://www.news24.com/World/News/Discontent-over-Sudan-census-20090521. Retrieved 14 July 2011. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "South Sudan". World Economic Outlook Database. International Monetary Fund.
  4. ↑ "Gini Index". World Bank. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
  5. ↑ "2016 Human Development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2016. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
  6. ↑ International Telecommunication Union (14 July 2011). "New country, new number: Country code 211 officially assigned to South Sudan". Press release. http://www.itu.int/net/pressoffice/press_releases/2011/25.aspx. Retrieved 20 July 2011. 
  7. ↑ ".ss Domain Delegation Data". Internet Assigned Numbers Authority. ICANN. Retrieved 1 September 2011.
  8. ↑ "South Sudan". The World Factbook. CIA. 11 July 2011. Retrieved 2011-07-14.
  9. ↑ Broadcast of Declaration of Independence (part 1)
  10. ↑ Broadcast of Declaration of Independence (part 2)
  11. ↑ Fick, Maggie (30 January 2011). "Over 99 pct in Southern Sudan vote for secession". USA Today. https://www.usatoday.com/news/topstories/2011-01-30-2052877353_x.htm. Retrieved 30 January 2011. 
  12. ↑ Worsnip, Patrick (14 July 2011). "South Sudan admitted to U.N. as 193rd member". Reuters. http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/07/14/uk-sudan-un-membership-idUKTRE76D3I120110714. Retrieved 2011-07-24. 
  13. ↑ "UN welcomes South Sudan as 193rd Member State". United Nations News Service. 14 July 2011. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
  14. ↑ South Sudan launches bid to join Commonwealth. 8 July 2011. http://talkofsudan.com/sudan/item/9001-south-sudan-launches-bid-to-join-commonwealth. Retrieved 9 July 2011. 
  15. ↑ South Sudan: Big trading potential for EAC. 8 July 2011. http://en.igihe.com/spip.php?article455. Retrieved 9 July 2011. 
  16. ↑ "Welcome South Sudan to EAC!". East African Business Week. 10 July 2011. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 10 July 2011.
  17. ↑ South Sudan avails new foreign policy, to open 54 embassies. 25 July 2011. http://www.sudantribune.com/South-Sudan-avails-new-foreign,39637. Retrieved 6 August 2011. 
  18. ↑ IMF receives membership application from South Sudan, seeks contributions to Technical Assistance Trust Fund to help new country. 20 April 2011. http://www.imf.org/external/np/sec/pr/2011/pr11145.htm. Retrieved 10 July 2011. 
  19. ↑ World Bank group congratulates people of South Sudan on independence. 9 July 2011. http://finchannel.com/news_flash/World/90526_World_Bank_Group_Congratulates_People_of_South_Sudan_on_Independence/. Retrieved 10 July 2011. 
  20. ↑ South Sudan "entitled to join Arab League". 12 June 2011. http://www.sudantribune.com/South-Sudan-entitled-to-join-Arab,39193. Retrieved 8 July 2011. 
  21. ↑ "London 2012: Refugee runs for world, family walk 50km to watch," NDTV (New Delhi Television), 11 August 2012; retrieved 2012-8-16.

Notes

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