Thiruvananthapuram
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Thiruvananthapuram (Malayalam: തിരുവനന്തപുരം) is the capital city of the Indian state of Kerala. The city used to be known by the name of Trivandrum. It is on the west coast of India near the far south of the mainland. With 889,191 people as of 2001, it is the biggest city in Kerala in terms of size and number of people.
The city is the state capital and houses many national and state government offices, organizations and companies. It is also a major center of learning and is home to several schools and colleges including Kerala University, and to many scientific institutions, the most prominent being the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Technopark, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB) and Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST).
Origin of name
Thiruvananthapuram literally means "City of Lord Anantha" in Malayalam. The name derives from the god of the Hindu temple at the centre of the city. Anantha is the serpent Shesha on whom Padmanabhan or Vishnu lies. The temple of Vishnu lying on Ananta, the Sri Padmanabhaswamy Temple is the most recognizable landmark of the city. The city was officially known as Trivandrum in English until 1991, when the government decided to change the city's name back to the original name, Thiruvananthapuram, in all languages. However, the city is still widely referred to as "Trivandrum" (now Thiruvananthapuram).
Infrastructure
The city is fully electrified by the Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB). The district is divided in to three circles: Transmission circle, Thiruvananthapuram city and Kattakkada. Domestic users account for 43% of the total power usage, or 90 million units per month. Thiruvananthapuram district has one 220 kV, nine 110 kV and six 66 kV electrical substations. A 400 kV substation has just been commissioned by the Power Grid Corporation and will ensure high-quality power supply to the city.[1]
The water supply schemes cover 100% within the city limits. It is 84% of the urban and 69% of the rural population, when the district is considered. Peppara and Aruvikkara dams are the main sources of water for distribution in the capital city. The new project plan for improving the water supply with Japan aid covers Thiruvananthapuram city and six suburban panchayats having urban characteristics.[1]
The sewerage system in the city was implemented at the time of the Travancore Kingdom, and modernised in 1938. This scheme for the disposal of sullage and sewage is an underground system. The whole system is controlled by Kerala Water Authority now. The city area is divided in to seven blocks for the execution of the sewerage system, two commissioned in the 1990s and two after 2000. The sewerage is pumped to a stilling chamber at the Sewerage Treatment Plant (STP) at Valiyathura, and is disposed through sewage farming. Diary Development Department maintains this sewage farm and fodder cultivation is done here. There is no revenue generation from this scheme, and the sewerage system in the city is a service provided to the residents.[2]
Strategic Importance
Apart from being the capital of India’s most literate[3] and socially developed state,[4][5] Thiruvananthapuram is a strategically important city in Southern India. Being the largest city in India’s deep south, it is important for both military logistics and civil aviation in the southern part of the country. It is the headquarters of the Southern Air Command(SAC) of the Indian Air Force.[6] The city is very close to the international shipping route and east–west shipping axis. Also, it falls under the international air route.[7] Due to the strategic importance of the city, the Indian Air Force authorities have planned to make an aerospace command in SAC.[8] The plan for setting up a new "Tri-Service Command", which will integrate all the three forces under a single command, is also in the pipeline.[9]
Being the Indian city with the closest air link to the small island-country of Maldives and also Sri Lanka,[10] the city’s medical and health infrastructure caters to patients from both countries, especially Maldives.[11] Exports of perishables and medicines from Trivandrum International Airport run to full capacity on everyday flights to Maldives and Sri Lanka because of this nearness. Thiruvananthapuram also provides a key link in movement of goods and passengers to and from southern Tamil Nadu into Kerala, the state border being just 30 km away. The city is also important for people from around the world seeking help through Ayurveda medicine and therapy. Ayurveda resorts are coming up at a rapid pace along the International Beach of Kovalam and Varkala coast.
Thiruvananthapuram Media
Painting by Raja Ravi Varma depicting Richard Temple-Grenville, 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos being greeted by Visakham Thirunal, with Ayilyam Thirunal of Travancore looking on, during Buckingham's visit to Thiruvananthapuram in early 1880
Padmanabhaswamy Temple is the richest temple in the world.
A map of Malabar Coast drawn by Homann Heirs in 1733. At that time, Travancore was only a small territory wedged between Kollam and Kanyakumari, as shown in the map (Present-day districts of Thiruvananthapuram and Kanyakumari only).
Thambiran Vanakkam was printed at Kollam, the capital of Venad in 1578, during the Portuguese Era. It holds the record of the first book printed in any Indian language. It was written in the language Lingua Malabar Tamul, which was spoken in Southern Kerala (Kollam-Thiruvananthapuram area) during the medieval period.
A language map of India prepared in 1822.
Kowdiar Palace built-in 1915 was the official residence of the Travancore Royal Family.
Kerala Legislative Assembly Building
The Kerala Government Secretariat is the seat of administration of the Government of Kerala
A part of Infosys campus. Thiruvananthapuram is a major IT hub in India.
Notes
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- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Electricity and Water supply in Thiruvananthapuram". Infrastructure. Government of Kerala. Archived from the original on 2009-10-16. Retrieved 2006-10-02.
- ↑ "Thiruvananthapuram Sewerage Scheme". Sewage Treatment in Thiruvananthapuram. Government of Kerala. Archived from the original on 2007-02-21. Retrieved 2006-10-16.
- ↑ "Literacy rate in Indian states and Union Territories". Number of Literates & Literacy Rates (Excluding J & K). Census Department. Archived from the original on 2006-10-01. Retrieved 2006-09-16.
- ↑ "Kerala: Human Development Fact Sheet" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-09-21. Retrieved 2006-09-16.
- ↑ "Kerala Model" (PDF). "EFA (Education for All) Global Monitoring Report",(2003). UNESCO. Retrieved 2006-09-16.
- ↑ "Southern Air Command, Akkulam, Thiruvananthapuram". Indian Air Force. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2006-08-29.
- ↑ "Refuelling destination". The Hindu. 2006-08-04. http://www.hindu.com/2006/08/04/stories/2006080423940300.htm. Retrieved 2006-10-09.
- ↑ "SAC to be made aerospace command soon". The Hindu. 2005-10-09. http://www.hindu.com/2005/10/09/stories/2005100910170400.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-25.
- ↑ Tri-service command likely at Thiruvananthapuram. WebIndia. 2006-08-30. http://news.webindia123.com/news/Articles/India/20060830/436340.html. Retrieved 2006-09-15.
- ↑ "Connectivity". Maps of India. Maps of India. Retrieved 2006-10-09.
- ↑ "Maldivian embassy - Independence day celebration". Embassy news (High Commission of the Republic of Maldives). 2006-07-26. http://www.maldiveshighcom.co.in/maldives/news/jul2006/jul2006%5B14%5D.htm. Retrieved 2006-08-25.