Haredi Judaism
Haredi (Hebrew: חֲרֵדִי <span title="Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Language/data/ISO 639 override' not found. transliteration" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">Ḥaredi) is the most conservative form of Orthodox Judaism often known as ultra-Orthodox Judaism. Those follow Haredi are called Haredim (-m is a plural suffix in Hebrew and Yiddish[1]) or Haredi Jews.[2]
Introduction
Haredi Judaism consists of many spiritual and cultural groups, and is divided into Hasidic sects with streams from Eastern Europe and Sephardic Haredim. The two are different in many aspects, including their beliefs, lifestyles, religious practice and philosophy, and isolation from the general culture they live in. Most Haredi Jews currently live in Israel, North America and Western Europe. Their population is growing very fast due to a high birth rate. It doubles every 12 to 20 years.[3]
The estimates of the number of Haredim in the entire world are difficult to measure, because the definition of the word may or may not apply to some people. In addition, there have been a lack of data collection and rapid changes over time. A newspaper article once estimated there were approximately 1.3 million Haredi Jews as of 2011.[4] The Me'a She'arim neighbourhood in Jerusalem is mainly populated by Haredi Jews.
Haredi Judaism Media
Haredi Jewish men during a Torah reading
Young Haredi Jews in Jerusalem, 2005
Hasidic boys in Łódź, 1910
Haredi Jews from Galicia at the Karmelitermarkt in Vienna's second district, Leopoldstadt, 1915
Haredi Jewish women and girls in Mea Shearim, Jerusalem, 2013
מבוסס על התמונות:* * file:A PORTAIT OF A REBBE AT PRAYER 9.jpg * file:Kipa levana.JPG * file:CHECKING AN ETROG IN MEA SHEARIM.jpg * file:ירושלים 7.10.09 052.jpg * file:RECITING PSALMS.jpg * file:ירושלים 7.10.09 082.jpg * file:Breslov kids prepare for Shabbat, Mea Shearim, Jerusalem.jpg
Typical Haredi dress for men and women
The Bais Yaakov graduating class of 1934 in Łódź, Poland
Tziporah Heller, a weekly columnist for Hamodia
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References
- ↑ "Suffix — unfoldingWord® Hebrew Grammar 1 documentation". unfoldingWord Hebrew Grammar. Retrieved December 14, 2024.
- ↑
- Finkelman, Yoel (2014). "The Ambivalent Haredi Jew". Israel Studies. Indiana University Press. 19 (2): 264–293. doi:10.2979/israelstudies.19.2.264. JSTOR 10.2979/israelstudies.19.2.264. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
Special Issue: Zionism in the 21st Century (Summer 2014)
- "Israel's Religiously Divided Society". Pew Research Center. March 8, 2016. Retrieved December 13, 2024.
- Pinchas-Mizrachi, Ronit; Zalcman, Beth G.; Shapiro, Ephraim (2021). "Differences in Mortality Rates between Haredi and Non-Haredi Jews in Israel in the Context of Social Characteristics". Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. 60 (2): 274–290. doi:10.1111/jssr.12699. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
First published: 12 December 2020
- Lipkind, Simone (July 31, 2024). "Why Israel Wants to Draft the Ultra-Orthodox Into the Military". Council on Foreign Relations (CFR). Retrieved December 13, 2024.
- "Ultra-Orthodox Judaism | Haredim, Shas, Beliefs, & Zionism". Britannica. December 6, 2024. Retrieved December 13, 2024.
- Weiss, Raysh. "Haredim (Charedim), or Ultra-Orthodox Jews". My Jewish Learning. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
- Finkelman, Yoel (2014). "The Ambivalent Haredi Jew". Israel Studies. Indiana University Press. 19 (2): 264–293. doi:10.2979/israelstudies.19.2.264. JSTOR 10.2979/israelstudies.19.2.264. Retrieved December 15, 2024.
- ↑
- "'Majority of Jews will be Ultra-Orthodox by 2050'". University of Manchester. July 23, 2007. Archived from the original on 2008. Retrieved 2008-05-22.
- Buck, Tobias (November 6, 2011). "Israel's secular activists start to fight back". FT.com. Retrieved March 26, 2013.
- Eli Berman. "Sect, Subsidy, and Sacrifice: An Economist's View of Ultra-Orthodox Jews"PDF. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 6715. August 1998
- ↑ Brown, Mick. "Inside the private world of London's ultra-Orthodox Jews", The Telegraph, February 25, 2011.
