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Uday Hussein

Uday Saddam Hussein al-Tikriti (Arabic: عُدي صدّام حُسين) (June 1964 – 22 July 2003) was the oldest son of Saddam Hussein, the fifth President of Iraq. He had one younger brother named Qusay Hussein. For years, people thought that Uday would become the head of Iraq after his father died. However, Uday lost this place to Qusay for several reasons: because Uday was badly injured in an assassination attempt; because his behavior was often out of control; and because his relations with his family became more and more troubled.

Uday Hussein
Uday Saddam Hussein.png
Commander of the Fedayeen Saddam
In office
1995–1996
Preceded byPosition established
Succeeded byQusay Saddam
Personal details
Born(1964-06-18)18 June 1964
Tikrit, Iraqi Republic
Died22 July 2003(2003-07-22) (aged 39)
Mosul, Coalition Provisional Authority of Iraq
ParentsSaddam Hussein (dead)
Sajida Talfah
RelativesQusay Hussein (brother, deceased) Raghad Hussein (Sister)
Military service
Allegiance Baathist Iraq
Branch/serviceFedayeen Saddam
Years of service1995-2003
RankCommander
Battles/warsIraq War of 2003

Uday has been accused of many crimes, including rape, murder, and torture.[1] Uday was imprisoned several times, exiled, and received a token death sentence by his father's regime. After the United States-led invasion of Iraq in 2003, Task force 20 killed Uday, Qusay, and Qusay's son Mustapha during a four-hour gunfight in Mosul.

Biography

Early life and education

 
The Saddam family in the mid-1980s. Uday is standing in the middle back row with the black jacket on

Uday was born in Tikrit, Iraq, to Saddam Hussein and Sajida Talfah.[2] Saddam was in prison for the first three years of Uday's life.[3]

Uday graduated from high school with very high marks. He started university at Baghdad University College of Medicine, but he only lasted three days there. After that, he moved to the College of Engineering. Uday got a degree in engineering and graduated summa cum laude from Baghdad University. However, some of his professors later admitted that Uday barely managed to earn passing grades in many of his classes. They said he was given the honor of summa cum laude, and the rank of valedictorian (ranking first out of 76 students) because he was the President's son.[source?]

Many sources say that Qusay was clearly Saddam's favorite son.[4][5][6] When Uday was in his early 20s, Saddam wrote him a letter on official presidential letterhead. A classmate of Uday's and a bodyguard both said Saddam wrote something like "Don't be like your [mother's father], with no morals or principles."[4]

Losing favor with Saddam

In 1988, Uday became even more unpopular with his father.[7] In October 1988, Saddam had a party for Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak's wife, Suzanne. At the party, in front of all the guests, Uday murdered his father's personal valet and food taster, Kamel Hana Gegeo. Uday beat Gegeo, and according to witnesses, stabbed him with an electric carving knife. Gegeo had recently introduced Saddam to a younger woman, Samira Shahbandar, who later became Saddam's second wife. Uday thought this was an insult to his mother. He also may have feared that Saddam would make Gegeo, not Uday, his heir.[8]

As punishment for the murder, Saddam briefly imprisoned his son and sentenced him to death. However, Uday probably served only three months in a private prison.[7] In response to personal intervention from King Hussein of Jordan,[9] Saddam released Uday, banishing him to Switzerland as the assistant to the Iraqi ambassador there. He was expelled by the Swiss government in 1990 after he was repeatedly arrested for fighting.[10]

 
Uday became the head of the Fedayeen Saddam, a paramilitary group

Return to Iraq

Saddam later put Uday in charge of the Iraqi Olympic Committee and the Iraq Football Association. Uday tortured Olympic athletes who failed to win.[7][11][12] He also became the editor of the Babel newspaper; the general secretary of the Iraqi Union of Students; and the head of the Fedayeen Saddam.[13] Uday seemed proud of his reputation and called himself Abu Sarhan, an Arabic term for "wolf".[14]

In December 1996, somebody tried to assassinate Uday. Uday was driving at the time, and was hit by many bullets.[15] He was permanently injured.[7] At first, doctors thought he was paralyzed. He was evacuated to Ibn Sina Hospital. He had many surgeries, but a bullet was so close to his spinal cord that his doctors could not remove it.[16] Eventually, he was able to walk, but not without a limp.[7] Because of Uday's disabilities, Saddam gave Qusay more responsibility and authority, and named him as his heir apparent in 2000.[17]

Personal life

In a sign of loyalty to Saddam, Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri, who was vice president of the Revolutionary Command Council, agreed to let Uday marry his daughter.[18] But al-Douri had so much influence over Saddam that he could make Saddam promise the marriage would never be consummated. (This means his daughter would never have to have sex with Uday.) However, soon after the marriage, because of Uday's violent and out-of-control behaviour, al-Douri quickly asked that his daughter be allowed to divorce Uday.[19]

Uday loved luxury cars, especially European sports cars. He collected many hundreds of these cars. According to witnesses, Uday had thousands of suits, and each suit had to match the color of the car he was driving that day.[20] When U.S.-led military forces were about to take over Baghdad, he ordered his bodyguards to burn the cars so the United States could not take them.[4]

In 2002, Uday opened accounts with Yahoo! and MSN Messenger. This created controversy. At the time, the United States had trade sanctions against Iraq. This meant Iraq was not allowed to use American products. By using Yahoo! and MSN Messenger, Uday was violating these trade sanctions.[21]

Uday also built up a large video collection, found in his palace in 2003. Many of the videos showed himself in both public and private situations.[22]

Accusations of crimes

Crimes against athletes

Uday was accused of imprisoning, torturing, and even murdering athletes – both men and women.[23] As head of the Iraqi Olympic Committee, when Uday thought players did not play well enough, he ordered them to be tortured or sent to prison.[24] According to many reports, torturers beat and caned the soles of the football players' feet. This caused severe pain without leaving visible marks on the rest of their bodies.[23] Uday reportedly kept scorecards with written instructions on how many times each player should be beaten after a poor showing.[24] One defector reported that jailed football players were forced to kick a concrete ball after failing to reach the 1994 FIFA World Cup finals.[24][25]

Uday would insult athletes who performed below his expectations by calling them dogs and monkeys to their faces.[26] The Iraqi national football team were seen with their heads shaved after failing to achieve a good result in a tournament in the 1980s. It was widely said that Uday ordered the shaving to punish the players.[23][24]

Another defector claimed that athletes were dragged through a gravel pit and then put in a sewage tank so their wounds would become infected.[14][23] After Iraq lost 4–1 to Japan in the quarter finals of the 2000 AFC Asian Cup in Lebanon, goalkeeper Hashim Hassan, defender Abdul Jaber, and forward Qahtan Chatir were labelled as guilty of loss and eventually flogged for three days by Uday's security guards.[23][25]

Kidnapping and rape

Uday was well known for kidnapping young Iraqi girls and women from the streets in order to rape them. Uday was known to go into parties and pick out women whom he would later rape. Time published an article in 2003 detailing his sexual brutality.[4][7]

“ Uday ordered a father to bring his 14- and 12-year-old girls to him. He told the girls' father: "Your daughters will be my girlfriends, or I'll wipe you off the face of the earth." The man obeyed. ”

For example, Time reported that in 1998, Uday kidnapped a 14-year-old girl, kept her for three days, and raped her. The girl's father kept complaining, in public, that Uday had raped his daughter. After three months, Uday sent two guards to threaten the girl's father. He also ordered the father to bring both his 14-year-old and 12-year-old daughters to Uday's next party. He told the girls' father: "Your daughters will be my girlfriends, or I'll wipe you off the face of the earth." The man obeyed, and brought both girls to the next party.[4]

Time also reported that twice Uday showed up at weddings and took away the bride to rape. The first time, in the late 1990s, after Uday raped the bride, the groom shot himself in the head. The second time, in October 2002, Uday raped the bride, burned her body with acid, and killed her.[4]

Torture

 
Drawing of two iron maidens

Uday was also well known for torturing anyone who disagreed with him. For example, he once beat an army officer unconscious when the man refused to allow Uday to dance with his wife. The man later died of his injuries. Uday also shot and killed an army officer who did not salute him.[14]

Uday was reported to have his own private torture chamber.[26] He used many different ways of torturing people, including an iron maiden.[27]

According to a family friend who spoke to Time magazine:

“ A family friend says the day Uday discovered the Internet was "a black day for Iraqis," because he used it to learn of torture methods from other ages and lands that he decided to try. He would lock victims in coffins for days at a time, says the source, or put them in pillories. According to a family friend, he also liked to have offenders beaten on one side. Then he would order medical tests and have the thrashings continue until the kidney on that side had conclusively failed.

Uday's favorite punishment was the medieval falaqa, a rod with clamps that go around the ankles so that the offender, feet in the air, can be hit on the bare soles [of the feet] with a stick. A top official in radio and TV says he received so many beatings for trivial mistakes like being late for meetings or making grammatical errors on his broadcasts that Uday ordered him to carry a falaqa in his car.

”

Illegal trading

Uday gained millions of United States dollars by running fake corporations and illegally trading with Iran (Iraq's sworn enemy). At this time, the United Nations did not allow Iraq to trade with other countries.[28] By using fake corporations, Uday was able to get around this rule. From Iran, he was able to get almost anything he wanted.

When U.S. troops captured his mansion in Baghdad, they found a personal zoo with lions and cheetahs; an underground parking garage for his collection of luxury cars; Cuban cigars inscribed with Uday's name; and millions of dollars worth of fine wines, liquor, and heroin.[29] They also found an HIV testing kit.[26][29]

Death

 
House of Uday and Qusay in Mosul, Iraq destroyed by U.S. forces, 31 July 2003

On 22 July 2003, Task Force 20 and the United States Army 101st Airborne Division raided a home in Mosul, Iraq. They surrounded Uday, Qusay, and Qusay's 14-year-old son, Mustapha. They had been told by an Iraqi that Uday and Qusay were in the home.

United States soldiers got Uday to show himself by hot-wiring Uday's Lamborghini.[30] After Uday appeared, a gunfight started. As many as 200 American soldiers, along with OH-58 Kiowa helicopters and an A-10 "Warthog", surrounded and fired upon the house. They killed Uday, Qusay, and Qusay's son. After about four hours of battle, soldiers entered the house and found four bodies, including the Hussein brothers' bodyguard.

Dental records proved that two of the men killed in the house were Uday and Qusay, according to the United States Military. They also announced that the person who gave them the tip about where Uday and Qusay were staying would get a $30 million reward.[31]

 
Soldiers of the 101st Airborne Division and U.S. Special Operations (Task Force 20) watch as a TOW missile strikes the side of a house occupied by Uday and Qusay Hussein in Mosul, on 22 July 2003

The United States Military released graphic pictures of the Hussein brothers' dead bodies. Many people said this was wrong. When criticized, the U.S. Military's response was to point out that these men were no ordinary combatants. The Military also said they released the pictures to prove that Uday and Qusay were dead, and that they hoped this would bring closure to the Iraqi people.[32]

Uday was buried in a cemetery near Tikrit alongside Qusay and Mustapha Hussein. After his execution in 2006, Saddam Hussein was buried in the same cemetery.[33]

That night, and several nights following Uday and Qusay Hussein's death, celebratory gunfire could be heard throughout Baghdad.[20]

In popular culture

Uday has been portrayed in several movies and books. Latif Yahia has written three books about Uday: I Was Saddam's Son; The Devil's Double; and The Black Hole. In these books, Yahia says he was forced to be a body double for Uday.[34] The Devil's Double was made into a movie, starring Dominic Cooper as Uday.[34] The National Geographic Channel also produced an episode of Locked Up Abroad that tells Lahia's story.[35]

Uday was played by Philip Arditti in House of Saddam.[36]

In his book Separation of Power, Vince Flynn describes Uday's behavior. In the book, the main character, Mitch Rapp, pretends to be Uday.[37]

References

  1. ↑ Suzanne Goldenberg "Footballers who paid the penalty for failure", The Guardian, 19 April 2003
  2. ↑ "No UK Asylum for Saddam's Family". BBC News. 5 June 2003. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
  3. ↑ Holloway, Diane E. (1 June 2002). Analyzing Leaders, Presidents, and Terrorists. iUniverse. p. 283. ISBN 978-0595232642.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Bennett, Brian; Weisskopf, Michael (2 June 2003). The Sum Of Two Evils. http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,454453,00.html. Retrieved 10 May 2016. 
  5. ↑ Tucker, Spencer C. (8 October 2010). The Encyclopedia of Middle East Wars: The United States in the Persian Gulf, Afghanistan, and Iraq Conflicts (Volume II: E-L). ABC-CLIO. p. 546. ISBN 978-1851099481.
  6. ↑ Mockaitis, Thomas R. (2013). The Iraq War Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 169. ISBN 978-0313380631.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Bashir, Ala; Sunnanå, Lars Sigurd (20 June 2004). Schreuder, Liesbeth (ed.). Getuigenissen van Saddams lijfarts: berichten uit een duistere, krankzinnige wereld [Testimonials from Saddam's personal physician: messages from a dark, insane world.] (in Dutch). Translated by Annemarie Smit. Het Spectrum. ISBN 978-90-71206-10-8.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  8. ↑ Miller, Judith (1990). Saddam Hussein and the Crisis in the Gulf. Random House Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-09-989860-3.
  9. ↑ Ibrahim, Youssef M. (15 August 1995). The Vendetta That Is Jolting the House of Hussein. https://www.nytimes.com/1995/08/15/world/the-vendetta-that-is-jolting-the-house-of-hussein.html. Retrieved 24 February 2014. 
  10. ↑ Rogers, Patrick (28 August 1995). Blood Feud in Baghdad. http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20101431,00.html. Retrieved 16 March 2012. 
  11. ↑ Yaeger, Don (24 March 2003). Son of Saddam. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/si_online/news/2003/03/24/son_of_saddam/. Retrieved 26 May 2010. 
  12. ↑ Uday's torture chamber opened. Cape Town. 24 July 2004. http://www.news24.com/World/Archives/IraqiDossier/Udays-torture-chamber-opened-20040724. Retrieved 24 February 2014. 
  13. ↑ Saddam pounces on son's newspaper. BBC News. 20 November 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/2495481.stm. Retrieved 24 February 2014. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Obituary: Uday Saddam Hussein. Fox News Channel. 23 July 2003. http://www.foxnews.com/story/2003/07/23/obituary-uday-saddam-hussein/. Retrieved 24 February 2014. 
  15. ↑ Gellman, Barton (10 February 1997). Iraq's Family Feud Leaves Bloody Trail. Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/iraq/stories/feud021097.htm. Retrieved 27 September 2014. 
  16. ↑ Gellman, Barton (10 February 1997). Iraq's Family Feud Leaves Bloody Trail. https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/iraq/stories/feud021097.htm. Retrieved 24 February 2014. 
  17. ↑ Blair, David (23 July 2003). Brothers grim: life and times of two tyrants. http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/07/23/1058853122488.html. Retrieved 24 February 2014. 
  18. ↑ "Saddam Hussein's Faithful Friend, the King of Clubs, Might Be the Key to Saving Iraq". New Republic. 24 June 2014. Retrieved 8 April 2015.
  19. ↑ Izzat Ibrahim: Top Saddam loyalist. BBC News. 3 January 2007. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/2333927.stm. Retrieved 24 February 2014. 
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 "Saddam's demon seed". Telegraph.co.uk. 6 August 2011.
  21. ↑ McWilliams, Brian (11 November 2002). Guess Who Yahoos? Saddam's Son. https://www.wired.com/politics/law/news/2002/11/56292. Retrieved 24 February 2014. 
  22. ↑ Uday's Home Movies. 1 June 2003. http://www.newsweek.com/2003/06/01/uday-s-home-movies.html. Retrieved 4 April 2011. 
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.4 Mackay, Duncan (1 February 2003). Torture of Iraq’s Athletes. London, England. https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2003/feb/02/athletics.duncanmackay1. Retrieved 10 May 2016. 
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 Burns, John F. (6 May 2003). Reign of Terror: Soccer Players Describe Torture by Hussein’s Son. New York, New York. https://www.nytimes.com/2003/05/06/international/worldspecial/06TORT.html?pagewanted=all. Retrieved 10 May 2016. 
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 Shaw, Karl (2004). Power Mad!: A Book Of Deranged Dictators. Michael O'Mara Books. ISBN 978-18-4317-106-5.
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 Goldenberg, Suzanne (23 July 2003). Uday: career of rape, torture and murder. London. http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/Story/0,2763,1004174,00.html. Retrieved 5 November 2006. 
  27. ↑ Ghosh, Bobby (19 April 2003). Iron Maiden Found in Uday Hussein's Playground. http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,444889,00.html. Retrieved 7 February 2006. 
  28. ↑ United Nations Security Council (3 April 1991). "UN Security Council Resolution 687". MidEast Web. United Nations. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 "Congressional Record, V. 149, PT. 14, July 17, 2003 to July 25, 2003". Government Printing Office. 23 July 2003. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
  30. ↑ Clayton Bellamy (7 May 2004). Soldier says he hot-wired Odai Hussein's Lamborghini. http://www.myplainview.com/article_c76b2808-2fea-54bf-823c-0c2b038728a8.html. Retrieved 7 July 2014. 
  31. ↑ Iraq informant set for $30m reward. CNN. 23 July 2003. http://edition.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/meast/07/23/sprj.irq.reward/index.html. Retrieved 15 December 2008. 
  32. ↑ Zorn, Eric (11 June 2006). Displaying foes' dead hurts cause. http://blogs.chicagotribune.com/news_columnists_ezorn/2006/06/displaying_foes.html. Retrieved 24 February 2014. 
  33. ↑ "Hussein Buried in Same Cemetery as Sons". CNN Online. Time Warner. 31 December 2006. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 Yahia, Latif (2016). "Books". Official Website of Latif Yahia. Latif Yahia. Retrieved 4 April 2016.
  35. ↑ Bartlett, David (Director) (27 June 2012). Son of Saddam (Documentary). Locked Up Abroad: National Geographic Channel.
  36. ↑ Holmes, Alex; & O’Hanlon, Jim (Directors). (2008). House of Saddam (Television Mini-Series). BBC: HBO Films.
  37. ↑ Flynn, Vince (2001). Separation of Power. Pocket Star. ISBN 978-1439135730

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