Mulhouse
Mulhouse is a commune in Alsace in north-eastern France, in the Haut-Rhin department, of which it is a subprefecture. It is in the Grand Est region.
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Mulhouse | ||
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| Administration | ||
|---|---|---|
| Country | France | |
| Region | Alsace | |
| Department | Haut-Rhin | |
| Arrondissement | Mulhouse | |
| Canton | Mulhouse-1 Mulhouse-2 Mulhouse-3 | |
| Intercommunality | Mulhouse Alsace Agglomération | |
| Mayor | Michèle Lutz (2017-2020) | |
| Statistics | ||
| Elevation | 231–336 m (758–1,102 ft) (avg. 284 m/932 ft) | |
| Land area1 | 22.18 km2 (8.56 sq mi) | |
| Population2 | 111,167 (2014) | |
| - Density | 5,012/km2 (12,980/sq mi) | |
| INSEE/Postal code | 68224/ 68100 | |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | ||
| 2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once. | ||
The commune is in the historical and cultural region of Alsace, close to the Swiss and German borders.
History
Mulhouse dates back to the XIIth century. Medieval Mulhouse consists of an upper and a lower town.
- The upper town developed from the 18th century on.
- The lower town used to be the quarter of merchants and craftsmen. It developed around the Place de la Réunion (which commemorates its reunion with France). Nowadays this area is for pedestrians.
Geography
Mulhouse is in the southern part of the plain of Alsace in the Haut-Rhin department. Two rivers run through Mulhouse, the Doller and the Ill, both tributaries of the Rhine.
It has an area of 22.2 km2 (8.6 sq mi).[1] Its average altitude is 284 m (932 ft); at the city hall, the altitude is 255 m (837 ft).[2]
The distances from Mulhouse to other cities are:[3]
- Paris, the national capital - 540 km (340 mi);
- Strasbourg, the regional capital - 117 km (73 mi);
- Marseille - 697 km (433 mi);
- Lyon - 386 km (240 mi);
- Reims - 462 km (287 mi);
- Bordeaux - 863 km (536 mi);
- Toulouse - 864 km (537 mi);
- Montpellier - 683 km (424 mi);
- Nice - 686 km (426 mi).
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The commune of Mulhouse is surrounded by the communes Riedisheim, Rixheim, Morschwiller-le-Bas and Pfastatt.
Climate
The area around Mulhouse, at an altitude of about 270 m (890 ft), is characterized by climates with few extremes of temperature. The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Strasbourg is a "Marine West Coast Climate" and of the subtype "Cfb".[4]
The average amount of precipitation for the year in Mulhouse is 817.9 mm (32.2 in). The month with the most precipitation on average is June with 99.1 mm (3.9 in) of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is January with an average of 40.6 mm (1.6 in).
The average temperature for the year in Mulhouse is 10 °C (50 °F). The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of 19.4 °C (66.9 °F). The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of 0.6 °C (33.1 °F).[4]
| Climate data for Mulhouse, Haut-Rhin, France | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 3 (37) |
6 (43) |
11 (52) |
15 (59) |
20 (68) |
23 (73) |
25 (77) |
25 (77) |
21 (70) |
15 (59) |
8 (46) |
3 (37) |
14.6 (58.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | --- | 2 (36) |
6 (43) |
9 (48) |
14 (57) |
17 (63) |
19 (66) |
19 (66) |
15 (59) |
10 (50) |
5 (41) |
1 (34) |
10 (50) |
| Average low °C (°F) | -2 (28) |
-1 (30) |
1 (34) |
4 (39) |
8 (46) |
11 (52) |
13 (55) |
13 (55) |
10 (50) |
6 (43) |
2 (36) |
-1 (30) |
5.3 (41.6) |
| Rainfall mm (inches) | 40 (1.57) |
40 (1.57) |
50 (1.97) |
60 (2.36) |
80 (3.15) |
90 (3.54) |
80 (3.15) |
80 (3.15) |
70 (2.76) |
70 (2.76) |
50 (1.97) |
50 (1.97) |
760 (29.92) |
| Source: Weatherbase.com [1] | |||||||||||||
Population
The inhabitants of Mulhouse are known, in French, as Mulhousiens (women: Mulhousiennes).[5]
With a population of 111,167,[6] Mulhouse has a population density of 5,012 inhabitants/km2.
Evolution of the population in Mulhouse
Mulhouse forms, together with 19 other communes, the urban area of Mulhouse with a population of 246,693 inhabitants (2014) and an area of 239.1 km2 (92.3 sq mi).[7] This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Mulhouse, formed by 60 communes with a population of 285,603 inhabitants and an area of 505.3 km2 (195.1 sq mi).[8]
Administration
Mulhouse is a subprefecture of the Haut-Rhin department since 1857. It is the capital of the Mulhouse arrondissement and is also the administrative centre (French: chef-lieu) of 3 cantons:[9]
- Mulhouse-1, formed with a part of Mulhouse, with 40,752 inhabitants (2014).
- Mulhouse-2, formed with a part of Mulhouse, with 42,558 inhabitants (2014).
- Mulhouse-3, formed with a part of Mulhouse and the commune Illzach, with 42,305 inhabitants (2014).
It is part of the intercommunality Mulhouse Alsace Agglomération.
Twin towns
Mulhouse is twinned with:
Walsall, England, since 1953
Antwerp, Belgium, since 1956
Kassel, Germany, since 1965
Bergamo, Italy, since 1989
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America- Chemnitz, Germany, since 1990
Giv'atayim, Israel, since 1991
Timişoara, Romania, since 1991 (Coopération décentralisée)
Arkhangelsk, Russia, since 1992
El Khroub, Algeria, since 1999 (Coopération décentralisée)
Sofara, Mali, since 2003 (Coopération décentralisée)
Gallery
.JPG)
Mulhouse Media
Mulhouse joining Alsace 100th anniversary medal 1898 by Frédéric Vernon, obverse
Stadt Mühlhausen (MÜLHVSIVM ALSATIAE. Mühlhausen) - Kupferstich - lateinisch, deutsch - 32,3 x 41 cm - [ca. 1650]
Christmas market in Mulhouse
Société Industrielle building
mulhousian main economical areas
Campus "La Fonderie" of the Upper Alsace University
Tramways à la station Porte jeune à Mulhouse, Haut-Rhin, France
.jpg)
Related pages
References
- ↑ "Commune de Mulhouse (68224)". Comparateur de territoire (in French). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ "City of Mulhouse". Map-France.com. Retrieved 23 December 2017.
- ↑ "Ville de Mulhouse". Annuaire-Mairie.fr (in French). Retrieved 23 December 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Mulhouse, France - Köppen Climate Classification". Weatherbase. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
- ↑ "Habitants du départment: Haut-Rhin" (in French). habitants.fr. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ "Régions, départements, arrondissements, cantons et communes" (PDF). Populations légales 2014 (in French). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ "Unité urbaine de Mulhouse (68701)". Comparateur de territoire (in French). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ "Aire urbaine de Mulhouse (034)". Comparateur de territoire (in French). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ "Commune de Mulhouse (68224)". Géographie administrative et d’étude (in French). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. Retrieved 23 December 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)