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Boeing 737

The Boeing 737 is a twin-engine, narrow-body airliner built by Boeing. At first, Boeing was making it to be a shorter, cheaper airliner than its 707 and 727. However, the 737 has become a family of many different models. The number of passengers it can carry ranges from 85 to 215. The 737 is the only narrow-body airliner that Boeing is making. The only types of 737 that Boeing is still making are the -700, -800 and -900ER. A version of the 737 with larger engines, the 737 MAX, came into service in 2017 but was grounded between 2019 and 2021 as unsafe.

Boeing 737
A Boeing 737-200, the first mass-produced 737 model, in operation with South African Airways in 2007
Role Narrow-body airliner
National origin United States
Manufacturer Boeing Commercial Airplanes
First flight April 9, 1967
Introduction February 10, 1968, with Lufthansa
Status In service
Primary users Southwest Airlines
Ryanair
United Airlines
American Airlines
Produced 1965-present
Number built 10,444 as of December 2018[1]
Unit cost -100: US$3.7M (1968),[2] $22.7M today
-200: US$4.0M (1968),[2] $24.5M today
-200: US$5.2M (1972),[3] $26.5M today
Variants Boeing T-43
Developed into Boeing 737 Classic
Boeing 737 Next Generation
Boeing 737 MAX

Boeing began designing the 737 in 1965. The very first 737-100 flew in 1967. It was first used by an airline in February 1968.[4][5] The 737-200 started being used in April 1968. The -200 was basically just a longer version of the 737-100. In the 1980s Boeing made the -300, -400, and -500 models. Boeing called these models the Boeing 737 Classic series. The 737 Classics could carry more passengers, and they had new engines: CFM56 turbofans. The 737 Classic planes also had some improvements made to the wings. In the 1990s, Boeing brought out the 737 Next Generation. The 737 Next Generation planes also had redesigned wings, a better cockpit and a new cabin. The 737 Next Generation is made up of the -600, -700, -800, and -900ER models. These models go from 102 ft (31.09 m) to 138 ft (42.06 m) in length.

The 737 is the best-selling jet airliner in history.[4] Boeing has never stopped making 737s since 1967. 7,283 aircraft have been delivered, and the 737 still has 2,759 orders that have not been delivered yet (as of August 2012).[1] Boeing 737s are built at the Boeing Renton Factory in Renton, Washington. The 737's main rival is the Airbus A320 family.[6] On average, 1,250 737s are in the air at any time and two land or leave somewhere every five seconds.[7]

Development

Background

 
The prototype 737. It was a -100 which NASA used for testing. This aircraft is on display at the Museum of Flight in Washington State.

Boeing was looking at designs for aircraft which flew short distances. Boeing wanted to make another aircraft to replace the 727 on short flights.[8] It began designing the 737 on May 11, 1964.[9] Boeing did a lot of research and found that airlines wanted an airliner which could hold 50 to 60 passengers. This airliner would also be able to fly routes 50 to 1,000 mi (80 to 1,609 km) long.[8][10] Lufthansa was the first airline to order a Boeing 737 on February 19, 1965.[11] They ordered 21 aircraft, worth $67 million[12] (1965, $190.28 million in 2008). After Boeing spoke to Lufthansa in winter 1964, they made the 737 bigger so that it could hold 100 passengers.[11]

On April 5, 1965, Boeing announced that United Airlines had ordered 40 737s. United wanted a plane which was a bit bigger than the 737-100. Boeing made a different type of 737 for United, which was longer. This other plane was called the 737-200. Boeing changed the name of the original 737 to the 737-100.[13]

Making and testing of the 737

 
A Boeing 737-100 of Lufthansa

The first 737s were made near Boeing Field (now officially called King County International Airport) because the factory in Renton was too busy building the 707 and 727. After 271 aircraft were made at Boeing Field, Boeing moved the 737s to Renton. This was in 1970.[14][15]

The first Boeing 737-100 prototype was ready in 1966. It made its first flight on April 9, 1967.[16] On December 15, 1967 the Federal Aviation Administration said that the -100 was allowed to fly with passengers.[17] They gave it the Type Certificate A16WE.[18] Lufthansa got its first 737 on December 28, 1967. On February 10, 1968, Lufthansa became the first non-American airline to fly a new Boeing aircraft.[17] It was the only large airline which bought the 737-100. Only 30 -100s were ever made.[19]

The 737-200 first flew on August 8, 1967. The FAA allowed it to fly with passengers on December 21, 1967.[18][20] The first flight it made for United Airlines was on April 28, 1968. It flew from Chicago to Grand Rapids, Michigan.[17] Airlines liked the 737-200 much more than the 737-100.

737-200 Advanced

 
A United Airlines 737-200 using its thrust reversers. In the distance, you can see a British Airways Boeing 747

A "thrust reverser" is a part of the engine of a plane. It changes the flow of air through the engine so that it ends up trying to push the plane backwards instead of forwards. The first thrust reversers on the 737 were not very good. They were said to lift the aircraft off the runway when they were used. This meant that the wheels were not being pushed down onto the ground very much, which made the brakes less useful. In 1968, Boeing improved the thrust reverser.[21] This improvement was put onto all aircraft after March 1969. Aircraft which were made before the improvement could have it installed. Boeing also improved the flaps. This improvement allowed the flaps to be used more during takeoffs and landing. All these changes meant that the 737 could hold more cargo and fly further.[17] In May 1971, after the 135th aircraft was built, all of these improvements, as well as better engines and more fuel, were put into the 737-200. This gave it 15% more payload and range than the first 737-200s.[22] This type of 737-200 became known as the 737-200 Advanced.

 
A Boeing 737-200 Advanced from below. This is actually the United States Air Force T-43.

In 1970, Boeing only got 37 orders for 737s. Since Boeing were running out of money, they thought about stopping making 737s and selling the design to Japanese companies.[14] Boeing cancelled the Boeing Supersonic Transport and started making less Boeing 747s. By doing this, Boeing kept enough money to keep the 737 project going.[23]

In 1988, Boeing stopped making 737-200s. 1,114 aircraft were made and the last one was delivered to Xiamen Airlines on August 8, 1988.[24][25]

737 Classic

Main page: Boeing 737 Classic
 
A Jet2.com 737-300

The Boeing 737 Classic is the name of the 737-300/-400/-500. However, they were only called the 737 Classics after the 737 Next Generation (737-600/700/800/900) aircraft were made. Until then, the 737 Classics were called the 'new generation' of the 737.[26] The 737 Classics were made from 1984 to 2000. 1,988 aircraft were delivered in that time. As of January 1, 2001, 1,945 were in service.[27]

737 Next Generation

Main page: Boeing 737 Next Generation

In the 1990s, Boeing realized that the Airbus A320 family was a serious threat. Boeing could lose customers because of it. In November 1991, Boeing began the Next Generation program. The Next Generation aircraft would replace the 737 Classics. The 737-600, 737-700 and 737-800 planes were planned.[28]

737 MAX

Main page: Boeing 737 MAX

In 2011, Boeing said that it was working on the 737 MAX program. Boeing will make three types of 737 MAX. These are the MAX-7, MAX-8 and the MAX-9. The MAX-7 will replace the 737-700, the MAX-8 will replace the 737-800 and the MAX-9 will replace the 737-900ER. The 737 MAX will have CFM International LEAP-1B engines. The wheel in the nose of the plane has been made longer. Southwest Airlines became the launch customer on December 13, 2011.[29]

Design

 
A planform view of a Boeing 737-700

The 737's main landing gear (wheels) go into holes at the bottom of the plane. The wheels do not have a door to close over them. The tires can be seen easily when a 737 is taking off or is flying low-down.[30]

737s do not have fuel dump systems. A fuel dump system is a system which gets rid of any unneeded fuel if the aircraft needs to make an emergency landing while it still has a lot of fuel on board. This is useful because aircraft can only land safely at a certain weight or below. Getting rid of unneeded fuel helps to get to a safe weight for the plane to land. The first 737s were too small to need these systems. Adding a fuel dump system to the bigger 737s would make the plane much heavier. Instead, if the emergency is not very serious, 737s fly around in circles to get rid of fuel. If the emergency is serious, the 737 just needs to land at an unsafe weight. If it has to land at an unsafe weight, the plane needs to be looked at for damage. If there is no damage, the plane can be put back into service.[31][32]

Engines

 
An engine on a 737-800, showing that it is not shaped like a circle. This shape is nicknamed the "hamster pouch".[33]

Engines on the 737 Classic series (300, 400, 500) and Next Generation series (600, 700, 800, 900) are not shaped like a circle like most planes. The 737 Classics had CFM56 turbofan engines. These burned much less fuel and made much less noise than the Pratt & Whitney JT8D engines which were used on the -100 and -200. However, because the 737's wings and fuselage are not very high above the ground, it was impossible to get the engines to fit on the wings. Boeing and CFM fixed this problem by putting the engines slightly ahead of the wings instead of putting them right underneath. They also moved some parts of the engines which would normally go at the bottom to the sides. This is what makes the engines non-circular.[34]

The gearbox of the engine was moved from the bottom of the engine to the side. The gearbox makes the engine look a bit like a triangle. Since the engine is close to the ground, it is possible that they can be damaged by things lying on the ground. The CFM56-7 engine on the 737 Next Generation burns even less fuel than the engines on the 737 Classics. The Boeing 737 MAX aircraft will have CFM International LEAP-1B engines. These engines are supposed to burn 10-12% less fuel than the CFM56-7B engines on the 737 Next Generation family.[35]

Flight systems

 
A 737-200 cockpit
 
A 737-800 cockpit

The 737's controls are very safe. If the hydraulics or both engines fail, servo tabs will be automatically used. Servo tabs are small hinges which move important parts of an aircraft. The tabs are controlled by the yoke (the thing used to steer the plane). For the 737 Next Generation, a new cockpit with LCD displays was made. These cockpits also have modern avionics (autopilot etc.).

Most 737 cockpits have "eyebrow windows". These are smaller windows which are above the main windows. There are two on each side. Eyebrow windows were used on the Boeing 707. They helped the pilot see better when the plane was turning. However, because autopilot, advanced radar etc. exist, they are no longer needed. They were removed from the 737 cockpit in 2004. However, 737s used by the military still have them installed. If the customer likes, Boeing will install eyebrow windows for them.

Upgrades

 
A winglet on a 737 Next Generation

Winglets can be fitted to 737s which do not have them already installed. They can also be added when the aircraft is built. The winglets are about 8 feet (2.4 m) tall. They are fitted at the end of the wing and help the engines to burn less fuel because they reduce drag. They also help make less noise on takeoff. Winglets can help a plane burn up to 5% less fuel.[36][37]

As of July 2008 the 737 has carbon brakes. These are made by Messier-Bugatti. These new brakes have been allowed by the Federal Aviation Administration. They weigh 550–700 lb (250–320 kg) less than the steel brakes normally fitted to the 737 Next Generation family.[38] If 700 pounds of weight is taken off a Boeing 737-800, it burns 0.5% less fuel.[39]

Main cabin

How the cabin looks was changed in each different type of 737 (Classic and Next Generation). The cabin design of the 737 Original was changed 737 Classic using designs from the 757. Designs from the Boeing 777 were used to design the cabin for the Next Generation 737. The newest cabin design is called the Sky Interior. It has curved walls. It also has redesigned windows. The Sky Interior has more headroom and LED mood lighting.[40][41] Overhead bins which move have been installed. These bins are similar to the bins on a 777 and Boeing 787 Dreamliner. They have more space for luggage than the other designs.[41] The Sky Interior is also designed to make the cabin less noisy by 2–4 dB.[40] The first 737 with the Sky Interior was delivered to Flydubai in 2010.[40] Malaysia Airlines,[42] TUIFly[43] and Continental Airlines have also ordered 737s with the Sky Interior.[44]

 
737 Classic cabin
 
Boeing 737 Next Generation cabin
 
Boeing 737NG Sky Interior

Types of 737s

The 737 are split into three "generations". These are Original, Classic and Next Generation. The "Original" models are the 737-100, 737-200/-200 Advanced. The "Classic" models are the 737-300, 737-400 and 737-500. The "Next Generation" models are the 737-600, 737-700/-700ER, 737-800, and 737-900/-900ER.

The fourth generation of 737 is called the 737 MAX. It is still being worked on, but when it is finished, it will be made up of the 737-MAX-7, 737-MAX-8 and 737-MAX-9. The MAX-7 will replace the 737-700, the MAX-8 will replace the 737-800 and the MAX-9 will replace the 737-900 and 739-900ER.

737 Original

737-100

 
Lufthansa 737-100

The very first 737 model was the 737-100. It was first ordered by Lufthansa in 1965. The -100 was finished on January 17, 1967. It entered service in 1968. The aircraft is the smallest type of 737. Only 30 737-100s were ordered and delivered. No 737-100s are still being used by airlines. The 737-100 prototype is in the Museum of Flight in Seattle.[45]

737-200

 
A Canadian North Boeing 737-200C

The 737-200 is a 737-100 with a larger fuselage. It was created because of an order from United Airlines in 1965. The -200 was finished on June 29, 1967. It entered service in 1968. The 737-200 Advanced is an improved version of the -200. Its first user was All Nippon Airways. It began using the -200 Advanced on May 20, 1971.[46] The -200 Advanced has many improvements. For example, more powerful engines and more fuel. The 737-200 Advanced can also fly further than the 737-200.[47] The last delivery of a 737-200 aircraft was in August 1988 to Xiamen Airlines. This was the 1,095th 737-200 built.[1][48] Many 737-200s are still used by airlines.

 
A Britannia Airways 737-200 Advanced

After 40 years the last 737-200 aircraft in the United States were retired on March 31, 2008. This happened with the last flights of Aloha Airlines.

737-300

The 737-300 was brought into service in 1981. It was used by both US Airways and Southwest Airlines. The 737-300 is the first model of the 737 Classic series. The -300 can usually hold 128 passengers.[49] The 737-300 series was made until 1999. The last -300 was delivered to Air New Zealand on 17 December 1999. This was the 1,113th 737-300 made.[1][48]

737-400

The 737-400 brought into service in 1985. It was just a longer version of the 737-300. Piedmont Airlines was the launch customer. They ordered 25 aircraft in 1986. The first 737-400s were brought into service in 1988 with Piedmont. The last -400 was delivered to CSA Czech Airlines. This was the 486th -400 built.[1][48]

The 737-400F was a 737-400 changed into a cargo plane. The -400F was not delivered by Boeing. They were changed into cargo planes by the airlines that owned them. Alaska Airlines was the first airline to change a -400 to a -400F. It could carry 10 pallets of cargo.[50]

737-500

 
LOT Polish Airlines 737-500 landing at London Heathrow Airport

The 737-500 was finished 1987. It was brought into service with Southwest Airlines in 1990. The 737-500 is around the same length of the 737-200. It was a modern, complete replacement of the 737-200. The last 737-500 was delivered to All Nippon Airways on July 26, 1999. This was the 389th built.[1][48]

737-600

 
A Scandinavian Airlines 737-600

The 737-600 replaced the 737-500. It was also supposed to replace the McDonnell Douglas DC-9. The 737-600 was finished in 1995. The first aircraft was delivered to Scandinavian Airlines on September 18, 1998.

The 737-600's rivals are the Airbus A318, Embraer 195 and Sukhoi Superjet 100. The Bombardier CSeries will also be a rival.[51] 69 -600s have been delivered. There have been no orders that have not been delivered (as of 2010).[1]

737-700

 
A TAROM 737-700

The 737-700 was added to the Next Generation planes when Southwest Airlines ordered one in November 1991. The -700 was based on the 737-300. It was brought into service in 1998.[52] It replaced the 737-300. Its main rival is the A319. 126 people can fit into the 737-700 if there are two classes (first class and economy). However, 149 can fit in if the aircraft only has an economy class.[53] Boeing launched the 737-700ER on January 30, 2006.[54] "ER" stands for "extra range". This means that the plane can fly further than a normal 737-700. All Nippon Airways was the launch customer for the -700ER. It has the body of a 737-700, but the wings and landing gear of a 737-800. It can fly for 5,510 nautical miles (10,205 kilometers). 126 passengers can fit onto the plane.[55]

In July 2008, Delta Air Lines got the first -700 that had Messier-Bugatti's carbon brakes.[38]

737-800

 
Jet Airways Boeing 737-800 in Changi Airport

The 737-800 is a longer version of the 737-700. It replaces the 737-400. The -800 was finished in 1994. It entered service with Hapag-Lloyd Flug (now TUIfly) in 1998. 162 passengers can fit into a 737-800 if it has two classes. Up to 189 can fit into a 737-800 if it only has one class.[56] Its main rival is the A320.

737-900

 
Sky Airlines 737-900ER

The 737-900 is the longest 737. Alaska Airlines was the launch customer for the 737-900 when it was launched in 1997. It got its first aircraft on May 15, 2001.

The 737-900ER is the newest and biggest Boeing 737. It was made so that it could replace the 757-200. It was also made to be a rival to the Airbus A321. 180 passengers can fly on a 737-900ER with two classes. 215 passengers can fly if the plane only has one class.[57] The -900ER can carry more fuel and has winglets. It can fly for around 3200 nm.[58] The 737-900 is no longer made.

Companies which use the 737

 
Merpati Nusantara Airlines 737-200 Advanced at Adisucipto International Airport, Yogyakarta
 
Polynesian Blue 737-800 at Wellington International Airport, New Zealand

The 737 is used by more than 500 airlines. 737s fly to 1,200 places in 190 countries. Over 10,000 737s have been ordered by airlines. 7,283 have been delivered. Over 4,500 are still being used by airlines. On average, there are always 1,250 737s flying. On average, a 737 takes off or lands every five seconds.[7] 25% of the world's jet airliners are Boeing 737s.[7]

Airlines

As of July 2010, 383 Boeing 737-200s are still being used by airlines.[59]

Military

Many countries use the 737 as a military plane. Some countries with 737s are:

Orders and deliveries

Total

Over 7,400 Boeing 737s have been built and delivered. This is correct as of December 31, 2012.[60]

2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989
415 372 376 372 290 330 302 212 202 173 223 299 281 320 281 135 76 89 121 152 218 215 174 146
1988 1987 1986 1985 1984 1983 1982 1981 1980 1979 1978 1977 1976 1975 1974 1973 1972 1971 1970 1969 1968 1967
165 161 141 115 67 83 95 108 92 77 40 25 41 51 55 23 22 29 37 114 105 4

By type

As of December 2012, over 10,400 Boeing 737s have been ordered. 3,020 planes still need to be delivered.[61] This is a list of how many planes have been built for each type of 737.

737 Original
Type Built First flight
737-100 30 April 9, 1967
737-200 1010 August 8, 1967
737-200C 104 September 18, 1968
737-T43A 19 March 10, 1973
737 Classic
737-300 1,113 February 24, 1984
737-400 486 February 19, 1988
737-500 389 June 30, 1989
737 Next Generation
Type Built (orders) First flight
737-600 69 January 22, 1998
737-700 1,086 (230) 3 February 9, 1997
737-700C 15 (2)
737-700W 14
737-800 2,753 (1379) July 31, 1997
737-800A 20 (20)
737-900 52 August 3, 2000
737-900ER 150 (370) September 1, 2006
737 MAX
Type Built (orders) First flight
737 Max 0 (1064) 2017[62]

This information is from Boeing.com.[1]

Accidents

As of April 2012, the 737 has been in 315 incidents.[63] 159 of these have been "hull loss accidents". A hull loss accident is when the plane is damaged so much it can not be used anymore, or if the plane was completely destroyed.[64] 4,236 people have died because of these crashes. The 737 has also been in 106 hijackings. 324 people have died in hijackings.[65]

Features

737-100 737-200 737-200 Advanced 737 Classic (-300/-400/-500) 737 Next Generation (-600/-700/-800/-900ER)
Cockpit crew Two
Number of passengers that can fly in the plane 124 (maximum)
85 (usual)		 136 (maximum)
97 (usual)		 136 (maximum)
102 (usual)		 149 - 189 (maximum)
108 - 146 (usual)		 130 - 215 (maximum)
108 - 177 (usual)
Length 94 ft (28.65 m) 100 ft 2 in (30.53 m) 102–120 ft (31–37 m) 102–138 ft (31–42 m)
Area of the wing 102.0 m2 (1,098 sq ft) 105.4 m2 (1,135 sq ft) 124.58 m2 (1,341.0 sq ft)
Height 36 ft 10 in (11.23 m) 36 ft 4 in (11.07 m) 41 ft 3 in (12.57 m)
Cruising speed Mach 0.74 (485 mph, 780 km/h) Mach 0.78 (511 mph, 823 km/h)
Top speed Mach 0.82 (544 mph, 876 km/h)
Ceiling (how high the plane can fly) 35,000 ft (10,700 m) 37,000 ft (11,300 m) 41,000 ft (12,500 m)
Engines (×2) Pratt & Whitney JT8D CFM International 56-3 series CFM International CFM56-7 series

This information comes from: Boeing 737 specifications,[66] 737 Airport Planning Report,[67] b737.org.uk Archived 2022-12-06 at the Wayback Machine site.[68]

Boeing 737 Media

  • October 18, 1966, Jet aircraft patent, filed June 22, 1965, by John Steiner and Joe Sutter for Boeing

  • A comparison of the first three generations

  • 737-100 introduced by Lufthansa on February 10, 1968

  • A 737-200 of its launch customer, United Airlines. The -200 was one of the most popular variants sold, with 1095 units.

  • An Air North 737-200 fitted with a gravel kit.

  • A 737-300 with larger CFM56 turbofans, introduced by USAir on November 28, 1984. This aircraft would later crash as USAir Flight 427.

  • Stretched by 10 feet (3.0 m), the 737-400 entered service in October 1988 with Piedmont Airlines

  • A Southwest Airlines 737-500 landing in Las Vegas in April 2008

Related pages

Aircraft related to this one
Similar aircraft

References

Notes
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 "737 Model Orders and Deliveries data." Archived 2018-11-21 at the Wayback Machine Boeing, June 2011. Retrieved: July 25, 2011.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "737 price raised". Aviation Week: 31. January 22, 1968. http://archive.aviationweek.com/issue/19680122#!&pid=30. 
  3. ↑ "Airliner price index". Flight International: 183. August 10, 1972. https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1972/1972%20-%202020.html. Retrieved February 18, 2019. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kingsley-Jones, Max. "6,000 and counting for Boeing’s popular little twinjet." Flight International, Reed Business Information, April 22, 2009. Retrieved: April 22, 2009.
  5. ↑ "The Boeing 737-100/200." Airliners.net, Demand Media, Inc. Retrieved: April 22, 2009.
  6. ↑ "Airbus A320 Aircraft Facts, Dates and History." Archived 2013-01-19 at the Wayback Machine Flightlevel350.com. Retrieved: May 12, 2010.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "The 737 Story: Little Wonder." flightglobal.com. Retrieved: January 7, 2008.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 "Transport News: Boeing Plans Jet." The New York Times, July 17, 1964. Retrieved: February 26, 2008.
  9. ↑ Endres 2001, p. 122.
  10. ↑ Sharpe and Shaw 2001, p. 12.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Sharpe and Shaw 2001, p. 13.
  12. ↑ "German Airline Buys 21 Boeing Short-Range Jets." The Washington Post, February 20, 1965. Retrieved: February 26, 2008.
  13. ↑ Redding 1997, p. 182.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Wallace, J. "Boeing delivers its 5,000th 737." Seattle Post-Intelligencer, February 13, 2006. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  15. ↑ Gates, Dominic. "Successor to Boeing 737 likely to be built in state." Seattle Times, 30 December 2005. Retrieved: February 10, 2008.
  16. ↑ "Original 737 Comes Home to Celebrate 30th Anniversary." The Boeing Company press release, May 2, 1997. Retrieved: April 12, 2008.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 Sharpe and Shaw 2001, p. 20.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 "Type Certificate Data Sheet A16WE." Archived 2008-09-09 at the Wayback Machine faa.gov. Retrieved: September 3, 2010.
  19. ↑ Sharpe and Shaw 2001, p. 120.
  20. ↑ Endres 2001, p. 124.
  21. ↑ "Powerplant - Reverse Thrust." b737.org.uk. Retrieved: November 1, 2011.
  22. ↑ Redding 1997, p. 183.
  23. ↑ Sharpe and Shaw 2001, p. 21.
  24. ↑ Sharpe and Shaw 2001, p. 23.
  25. ↑ "737 Family." Boeing.com, January 5, 2008. Retrieved: April 12, 2008.
  26. ↑ Shaw, 1999, p. 7.
  27. ↑ Endres, 2001, p. 129.
  28. ↑ "Next Generation 737 Program Milestones." The Boeing Company. Retrieved: January 22, 2008.
  29. ↑ "Boeing sets record with $22 billion order". CNN Money. November 17, 2011. Retrieved February 15, 2012.
  30. ↑ Dekkers, Daniel, et al. (Project 2A2H). [home.deds.nl/~hink07/Report.pdf "Analysis Landing Gear 737-500."] Hogeschool van Amsterdam. Aviation Sudies. October 2008. Retrieved: August 20, 2011.
  31. ↑ "Fuel Dump." Boeing. Retrieved: August 20, 2011.
  32. ↑ Cheung, Humphrey. "Troubled American Airlines jet lands safely at LAX." Archived 2012-06-06 at the Wayback Machine tgdaily.com, 2 September 2008. Retrieved: August 20, 2011.
  33. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named hamster.
  34. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Endres p128.
  35. ↑ Ostrower, Jon (August 30, 2011). "Boeing designates 737 MAX family". Air Transport Intelligence. http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2011/08/30/361428/boeing-designates-737-max-family.html. Retrieved September 5, 2011. 
  36. ↑ Freitag, William; Schulze, Terry (2009). "Blended winglets improve performance" (PDF). Aero Magazine. pp. 9, 12. Retrieved July 27, 2011.
  37. ↑ Faye, Robert; Laprete, Robert and Winter, Michael (2002). "Blended Winglets". Aero Magazine. Retrieved July 27, 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 Volkmann, Kelsey. "Boeing gets OK for new carbon brakes." St. Louis Business Journal via bizjournals.com. Retrieved: April 22, 2010.
  39. ↑ Wilhelm, Steve. "Mindful of rivals, Boeing keeps tinkering with its 737." Puget Sound Business Journal, August 8, 2008. Retrieved: January 21, 2011.
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 40.2 Kingsley-Jones, Max. "Narrow margins: Airbus and Boeing face pressue with the A-320 and 737." flightglobal.com, October 27, 2009. Retrieved: June 23, 2010.
  41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 "Check Out Boeing's Swanky New High-Tech Interior." businessinsider.com. Retrieved: November 1, 2011.
  42. ↑ Yeo, Ghim-Lay (1 November 2010). "PICTURES: MAS takes delivery of first 737-800 with Sky Interior". Flightglobal.com.
  43. ↑ "Wolkenlos in Seattle – an Bord des neuen Jets von TUIfly." podcastexperten, March 7, 2011. Retrieved: May 12, 2011.
  44. ↑ "Continental Airlines Is First North American Carrier to Fly With Boeing's New Sky Interior." Archived 2011-09-16 at the Wayback Machine Continental Airlines, December 29, 2010. Retrieved: March 14, 2011.
  45. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Shaw p8.
  46. ↑ Bowers 1989, p. 496.
  47. ↑ Sharpe and Shaw, 2001, p. 41.
  48. ↑ 48.0 48.1 48.2 48.3 "About the 737 Family." The Boeing Company. Retrieved: December 20, 2007.
  49. ↑ Fisher, Lawrence M. "Boeing Gets Orders for 63 737-X." The New York Times, November 18, 1993. Retrieved: February 1, 2008.
  50. ↑ "Alaska Airlines and Horizon Air Aircraft Information."alaskaair.com. Retrieved: June 7, 2011.
  51. ↑ "Bombardier Launches CSeries Jet."[dead link]{{https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/14/business/worldbusiness/14air.html} The New York Times, July 13, 2008.
  52. ↑ "Boeing 737-600/700." airliners.net. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  53. ↑ "Boeing 737-700 Technical Information." Boeing Commercial Airplanes. Retrieved: September 3, 2010.
  54. ↑ "The 737 Story: The Long Stretch." FlightGlobal, July 2, 2006. Retrieved: April 22, 2010.
  55. ↑ "Boeing 737-700ER Technical Information." Boeing Commercial Airplanes. Retrieved: September 3, 2010.
  56. ↑ "Boeing 737-800 Technical Information." Boeing Commercial Airplanes. Retrieved: September 3, 2010.
  57. ↑ "Boeing 737-900ER Technical Information." Boeing Commercial Airplanes. Retrieved: September 3, 2010.
  58. ↑ "737 family." boeing.com. Retrieved: September 3, 2010.
  59. ↑ "World Airliner Census". Flight International, August 24–30, 2010, pp. 26–49..
  60. ↑ "Boeing Delivers the 7,370th 737". MediaRoom.
  61. ↑ "737 tops 10,000 orders" Boeing.com, July 12, 2012. Retrieved: July 20, 2012.
  62. ↑ "Boeing 737 MAX Gets Milestone Order from Aviation Capital Group". MediaRoom.
  63. ↑ "Boeing 737 incident occurrences." Archived 2012-10-26 at the Wayback Machine Aviation-Safety.net, May 23, 2010. Retrieved: May 23, 2010.
  64. ↑ "Boeing 737 Accident summary." Archived 2011-08-04 at the Wayback Machine Aviation-Safety.net. Retrieved: May 23, 2010.
  65. ↑ "Boeing 737 Accident Statistics." Archived 2012-03-23 at the Wayback Machine Aviation-Safety.net, December 3, 2007. Retrieved: Retrieved: May 23, 2010.
  66. ↑ "Boeing 737 Technical Information." Boeing Commercial Airplanes. Retrieved: September 3, 2010.
  67. ↑ "Boeing 737 Airplane Characteristics for Airport Planning." Boeing Commercial Airplanes.
  68. ↑ "Boeing 737 Technical Specifications." boeing.com. Retrieved: September 3, 2010.
References
  • Anderson, David F. and Scott Eberhardt. Understanding Flight. Chicago: McGraw Hill Professional, 2009. ISBN 978-0-07-162696-5.
  • Bowers, Peter M. Boeing Aircraft since 1916. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1989. ISBN 0-87021-037-8.
  • Endres, Günter. The Illustrated Directory of Modern Commercial Aircraft. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing Company, 2001. ISBN 0-7603-1125-0.
  • Redding, Robert and Bill Yenne. Boeing: Planemaker to the World. Berkeley, California: Thunder Bay Press, 1997. ISBN 1-57145-045-9.
  • Sharpe, Michael and Robbie Shaw. Boeing 737-100 and 200. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing Company, 2001. ISBN 0-7603-0991-4.
  • Shaw, Robbie. Boeing Jetliners. London, England: Osprey, 1995. ISBN 1-85532-528-4.
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  • Sutter, Joe. 747: Creating the World's First Jumbo Jet and Other Adventures from a Life in Aviation. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books, 2006. ISBN 0-06-088242-5.

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