Gurjar
Gurjar or Gujjar (also transliterated as Goojar [1], Gujar and Gurjjar) are a pastoral, agricultural and peasant[2] ethnic community, [3]residing mainly in India, Pakistan, Nepal, and Afghanistan,[4] divided internally into 1788 to 2000[5] clan groups. They are an agricultural and pastoral group of Jammu and Kashmir, Northwestern India, northern and central Pakistan, Azad Kashmir and northeastern Afghanistan.[6]
| Gurjar or Gujjar | |
|---|---|
| Ethnicity | |
 Ethnic Gujjar elder from Rajasthan | |
| Ethnicity | Punjabi, Kashmiri, Gujarati, Sindhi, Haryanvi, Marathi |
| Location | South Asia |
| Language | Punjabi, Kashmiri, Hindi-Urdu, Gujarati, Sindhi, Haryanvi, Gojri, Pashto, Balochi |
| Religion | Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism |
| Surnames | Chaudhary, Choudhary |
The Gujari language is closely related to Rajasthani and Marwari. As per historical accounts parts of Rajasthan and Gujarat were known as Gurjarah-bhumi or Gurjaratra prior to Mughal period in India but this was not based on any caste or tribe but based on the region between Gujrat and Rajasthan.[7][8]
However, in later times, circa the 14th century AD onwards, they were reduced to small principalities due to successful invasions and conquests by Muslim powers in northern and western India. During the 15th-16th century, there were Gurjars in the areas of Meerut and Dadri. The Gurjars in Pakistan and Afghanistan are Muslim.[9]
After this time, with struggles against the rising Mughal power and later British India the Gurjars gradually fell into a decline. They became poor nomads and started living in jungles and forests. With Muslim rule in North India, the Hindu Gurjars of the area surrounding Delhi had to live in jungles in order to save their Hindu faith and to survive.
Geographical Distribution
Today, Hindu Gurjars are found in the Indian states of Rajasthan, Haryana, Western Uttar Pradesh and to a smaller extent Punjab. Muslim Gurjars are found in the Indian states of Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir and in the Pakistani provinces of Punjab, Azad Kashmir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and in the Afghanistan province of Nuristan.
Gurjar Media
Om, a symbol in Hinduism
Calligraphic name of Allah in Arabic, copied from Public Domain artwork
Gurjar sardars of Rajasthan during British era
Gurjar children in Afghanistan, 1984
Fairs of Shri Devnarayan Bhagwan are organized two times in a year at Demali, Maalasheri, Asind and Jodhpuriya
Statue of Sri Sawai Bhoj Bagaravat, one of the 24 Gujar brothers collectively known as Bagaravats, at Dev Dham Jodhpuriya temple.
Bakarwals (Gujjar Shepherd) from Jammu and Kashmir
Gurjar family with their embroidery
Taukeer Alam sharing the Van Gujjar wedding rituals and clothings
.jpg)
Related pages
Reference
- ↑ Mayaram, Shail. Migrations in Medieval and Early Colonial India (2017)Taylor & Francis. p. 67. ISBN 978-1-351-55825-9.
- ↑ Zelin, Madeleine. Merchant Communities in Asia, 1600–1980 (in en) (2015-10-06)Routledge. p. 148. ISBN 978-1-317-31789-0.
- ↑ Wilson, Jon. India Conquered Britain's Raj and the Chaos of Empire (August 25, 2016)Simon & Schuster UK. ISBN 9781471101274.
- ↑ The GUJJARS - A Book Series on History and Culture of Gujjar Tribe 1 (2012).
- ↑ Govind Sadashiv Ghurye. Caste and Race in India (1969)Popular Prakashan. p. 232–. ISBN 978-81-7154-205-5.
- ↑ Pandey, Aditya. South Asia: Politics of South Asia (in en) (2005)Gyan Publishing House. ISBN 978-81-8205-303-8.
- ↑ Ramesh Chandra Majumdar. The History and Culture of the Indian People: The classical age (1977)Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. p. 153.
- ↑ Keay, John. India: A History (2000)Grove Press. p. 95, 2001. ISBN 978-0-8021-3797-5.
- ↑ Singh, David Emmanuel. Islamization in Modern South Asia: Deobandi Reform and the Gujjar Response (in en) (2012-08-31)Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-1-61451-185-4.