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Arab people

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The Arabs (Arabic: العرب) are an ethnic group in West Asia and North Africa. They speak Arabic which is one of the Semitic languages, and which is also the name of the ethnic family which they belong to. Genealogically, Arabs are those who can trace their ancestry back to the people who first lived on the Arabian Peninsula. During the Middle Ages, Islam and Christianity fostered a vast Arab union, leading to significant Arab migrations around the world under the rule of Arab empires such as the Rashidun, Umayyad, Abbasid, and Fatimid.

Arabs
Arabic: عَرَب (ʿarab)
Arab people around the world.svg
Total population
c. 451 million[1][2] to 421+ million[3][4]
Regions with significant populations
 Arab League   353,513,000[5][6].:
File:Flag of Brazil.svg Brazil11,600,000–19,500,000[7][8][9].:
 France5,500,000–7,000,000[10][11].:
 United States5,650,000[12].:
 Turkey5,000,000[13][a].:
File:Flag of Argentina.svg Argentina3,500,000[15].:
File:Flag of Colombia.svg Colombia3,200,000[16][17][18][19][20].:
 Chad1,650,000[21].:
 Israel2,131,000[22].:
 Iran1,650,000[23]–2,000,000[24].:
 Germany1,451,950[25].:
File:Flag of Venezuela.svg Venezuela1,450,000[26].:
 Spain1,350,000[27][28].:
 Mexico1,150,000[29].:
File:Flag of Chile.svg Chile800,000[30][31][32]
 Canada750,925(2010)[33].:
 Denmark121,000[34].:
 Italy705,968[35].:
 Sweden543,350[36]
 Great Britain500,000[37].:
 Australia500,000[38].:
File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands480,000–613,800[39].:
 Eritrea80,000(2010)[40].:
 Honduras280,000[41].:
File:Flag of Ecuador.svg Ecuador170,000 [42].:
 Ivory Coast150,000 (2006)[43].:
 Indonesia118,866 (2010)[44]
 El Salvador100,000[45][46][47][48][49].:
File:Flag of Uruguay.svg Uruguay75,000[50].:
 Niger30,000(2001)[51]
Languages
Arabic
Religion
Predominantly:
Related ethnic groups
Other peoples of the Middle East and North Africa[52]

Who is an Arab

There are three points which decide whether someone is considered Arab or not:

Minorities are the Iraqi Turkmens in some Arab countries. The same goes for Berbers (Amazigh) and Bedouins.[55]

There are many people who can be called Arabs by these points, but who do not think of themselves as Arab. Examples include modern Copts, Kurds, the Assyrians and Moroccans. Although they live in countries like Syria or Egypt which is part of the Arab League and speak the official language-Arabic, they are different ethnic groups. They have their own languages,[56] culture, identity and churches, such as the Coptic Church, Assyrian Church of the East, and the Syriac Orthodox Church. Even though a number have assimilated to Arab society, they have their own heritage that spans 3,000 years.

Traditional genealogy

In Islamic and Jewish tradition, Arabs are a Semitic people from the Ishmaelites, who trace their ancestry from Ishmael, a son of the ancient patriarch Abraham and Hagar and of the sons from Abhraham and his wife Keturah. Medieval Arab genealogists separate the Arabs into two groups: the "original Arabs" (Bedouin) of South Arabia, descending from Qahtan (identified with the biblical Joktan) and the "Arabized Arabs" (musta`ribah) of North Arabia (The Levant), descending from Adnan who is descended from Ishmael.

Religion

Most Arabs today follow the religion of Islam, whose central prophet is Muhammad. Christianity makes up the largest religious minority - most of the Christians that do consider themselves Arabs belong to the Greek Orthodox Church with smaller numbers of Roman Catholics.

While Coptic and Maronite Catholic Christians are native Arabic-speakers, many reject the Arab pan-ethnicity, but are still considered Arab by outsider sources.

There are some small communities practicing Judaism and polytheism (the worship of many gods).

Arab People Media

  • The Namara inscription is an Arabic epitaph in Nabataean script of Imru' al-Qais, son of "Amr, king of all the Arabs". Basalt, found at Nimreh in the Hauran (Southern Syria), dated 7 December 328 CE.

  • A map of Midian 

  • Arabia Petraea or simply Arabia existed from the 2nd century onwards.*Including regions in Jordan, Palestine, Israel, the Sinai Peninsula, and the northwestern Arabian Peninsula

  • Al-Khazneh in Petra, capital of the Nabataean Kingdom, built as a mausoleum to Nabataean King Aretas IV in the first century AD

  • Receipt for garments sent by boat to Dilmun in the 1st year of Ibbi-Sin's rule, circa 2028 BCE.

  • Map of the Qedarite Kingdom in the 5th century B.C

  • A bronze statue of Dhamar Ali Yahbur II, a Himyarite king who reigned in late 3rd or early 4th century CE. Displayed in the Sana'a National Museum.

  • 1st century coin of the Himyarite Kingdom, southern coast of the Arabian peninsula.

Notes

  1. ↑ Including 1–2 million native Arabs[13] and 3,763,565 registered Syrian refugees.[14]

References

  1. ↑ Lorenzo Kamel, Lorenzo. The Frailty of Authority: Borders, Non-State Actors and Power Vacuums in a Changing Middle East (31 March 2017)Edizioni Nuova Cultura. p. 25. ISBN 978-88-6812-828-9.
  2. ↑ Kail C. Ellis, Kail C.. Secular Nationalism and Citizenship in Muslim Countries: Arab Christians in the Levant (12 January 2018)Springer. p. 159. ISBN 978-3-319-71204-8.
  3. ↑ Margaret K. Nydell, Margaret K.. Understanding Arabs: A Guide for Modern Times (26 July 2018)John Murray Press. p. 11. ISBN 978-1-4736-9091-2.
  4. ↑ Neil Caplan, Neil. The Israel-Palestine Conflict: Contested Histories (4 September 2019)John Wiley & Sons. p. 23. ISBN 978-1-119-52387-1.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 total population 451 million; CIA Factbook2030 estimates an Arab population of 451 million, see article text.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 World Arabic Language Day | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Unesco.org (15 December 2016). Retrieved 18 December 2017.
  7. ↑ IBGE. IBGE | Biblioteca | Detalhes | Características étnico-raciais da população : classificações e identidades IBGE: Características Étnico-Raciais da População.
  8. ↑ Silvia Ferabolli, Silvia. Arab Regionalism: A Post-Structural Perspective (25 September 2014)Routledge. p. 151. ISBN 978-1-317-65803-0.
  9. ↑ Paul Amar, Paul. The Middle East and Brazil: Perspectives on the New Global South (15 July 2014)Indiana University Press. p. 40. ISBN 978-0-253-01496-2.
  10. ↑ Crumley, Bruce. Should France Count Its Minority Population? (24 March 2009). Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  11. ↑ To count or not to count. 26 March 2009. ISSN 0013-0613 . https://www.economist.com/europe/2009/03/26/to-count-or-not-to-count. Retrieved 30 January 2019. 
  12. ↑ DemographicsArab American Institute. Retrieved 18 December 2017.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Turkey's demographic challengeAl Jazeera.
  14. ↑ UNHCR Situation Syria Regional Refugee Response – Turkey (11 November 2021)State of Turkey. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
  15. ↑ Inmigración sirio-libanesa en Argentina (in es)Fearab.org.ar. Retrieved 13 April 2010.
  16. ↑ Colombia y Medio Oriente (26 April 2022). Retrieved 2 July 2022.
  17. ↑ Brazil-Arab News Agency – Colombia awakens to the Arab world (2011-07-06). Retrieved 2022-06-17.
  18. ↑ Tiempo, Casa Editorial El. Los palestinos que encontraron un segundo hogar en el centro de Bogotá (in spanish). El Tiempo (2019-03-07). Retrieved 2022-06-18.
  19. ↑ Estimación de la mortalidad, 1985–2005 (in es). Postcensal Studies (7) (March 2010). Bogotá, Colombia: DANE. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  20. ↑ Proyecciones nacionales y departamentales de población. 2006–2020 (in es) (September 2007)DANE National Statistical Service,Colombia. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
  21. ↑ Template:Cite CIA World Factbook
  22. ↑ Demographic characteristics – definitions and explanations (translation from Hebrerw into English)Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  23. ↑ Template:Cite CIA World Factbook
  24. ↑ Arabs. Minority Rights Group (2015-06-19). Retrieved 2023-10-26.
  25. ↑ Anzahl der Ausländer in Deutschland nach Herkunftsland in den Jahren 2015 und 2016 (in de). statista.
  26. ↑ Margolis, Mac (15 September 2013). "Abdel el-Zabayar: From Parliament to the Frontlines". The Daily Beast. http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/09/15/abdel-el-zabayar-from-parliament-to-the-frontlines.html. 
  27. ↑ Los musulmanes en España superan los 1,8 millones (in es). europapress.es (30 March 2015). Retrieved 25 April 2017.
  28. ↑ Redaction. La cifra de musulmanes en España alcanza los 1,6 millones, de los que casi un tercio viven en Cataluña (in es). alertadigital.com (9 October 2012). Retrieved 25 April 2017.
  29. ↑ Sierra, Mauricio. Arab Ancestry in Latin America. Berkeley High Jacket (2021-06-16). Retrieved 2022-02-15.
  30. ↑ Aurora | Aurora. aurora-israel.co.il.
  31. ↑ Chile: Palestinian refugees arrive to warm welcome (7 April 2003)Adnkronos.com. Retrieved 17 September 2011.
  32. ↑ 500,000 descendientes de primera y segunda generación de palestinos en ChileLaventana.casa.cult.cu. Retrieved 17 September 2011.
  33. ↑ Canadian Arab Institute :: 750,925 Canadians Hail from Arab Lands. canadianarabinstitute.org. Retrieved 19 October 2019.
  34. ↑ Demographics and Ethnic Groups of Denmark. WorldAtlas (2019-07-08). Retrieved 2023-10-27.
  35. ↑ Cittadini stranieri in Italia – 2021. tuttitalia.it.
  36. ↑ Population by country of birth, age and sex. Year 2000 – 2020. Retrieved 19 September 2019.
  37. ↑ Anthony McRoy. The British ArabNational Association of British Arabs. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  38. ↑ australianarab.org/about-us.
  39. ↑ Dutch media perceived as much more biased than Arabic media – Media & Citizenship Report conducted by University of Utrecht. Utrecht University (10 September 2010). Retrieved 29 November 2010.
  40. ↑ Languages of EritreaEthnologue. Retrieved 21 October 2023.
  41. ↑ J. Espín-Ocampo. Origen y evolución de la comunidad palestina en Chile. Revista Relaciones Internacionales, Escuela de Relaciones Internacionales. Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica 1 (93) (2020). p. 113–132. doi:10.15359/ri.93-1.5.
  42. ↑ de 2020, 16 de Octubre. El Guayaquil que acogió a los migrantes extranjeros. El Telégrafo (16 October 2020). Retrieved 2022-04-16.
  43. ↑ Africa |Ivory Coast's Arabs to fight expulsion. BBC News (2006-10-25). Retrieved 2020-06-01.
  44. ↑ Hartono, Sunaryati. Analisis dan Evaluasi Peraturan Perundang-undangan Tentang Peninggalan Kolonial (Belanda dan Jepang) (2015). Jakarta: Badan Pembinaan Hukum Nasional, Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia RI. p. 25–26. Retrieved 2024-08-22.
  45. ↑ Why So Many Palestinians Live In El Salvador | AJ+. newsvideo.su. Retrieved 13 November 2019.
  46. ↑ Lebanese Diaspora Worldwide Geographical Distribution. Retrieved 16 October 2018.
  47. ↑ Zielger, Matthew. "El Salvador: Central American Palestine of the West?". The Daily Star. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/Culture/Art/2004/Apr-27/91857-el-salvador-central-american-palestine-of-the-west.ashx#axzz3EZpwYUKb. Retrieved 27 May 2015. 
  48. ↑ AJ Plus: The Palestinians of El Salvador. Retrieved 13 November 2019.
  49. ↑ Dellios, Hugh. "El Salvador vote divides 2 Arab clans". Chicago Tribune. https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2004-03-21-0403210538-story.html. 
  50. ↑ de 2014, 25 de Junio. Más de 10 millones de libaneses empujan el crecimiento social y económico de América Latina (in es-ES). infobae (24 November 2017). Retrieved 2022-02-15.
  51. ↑ Niger. The World Factbook (2023-10-17)Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2023-10-22.
  52. ↑ Mbarek, Hamdi. Mapping the Arab genome. Nature Genetics 54 (12) (7 December 2022). p. 1761–1763. doi:10.1038/s41588-022-01239-0.
  53. ↑ Most Spoken Languages In the World.
  54. ↑ Wunderle, William D.. A Manual for American Servicemen in the Arab Middle East: Using Cultural Understanding to Defeat Adversaries and Win the Peace (2008)Simon and Schuster. p. 23. ISBN 978-1-62636-865-1.
  55. ↑ Belge, Ceren. Minorities in the Middle East: Ethnicity, Religion, and Support for Authoritarianism. Political Research Quarterly 68 (2) (2015). p. 280–292. doi:10.1177/1065912915580627.
  56. ↑ The Coptic language survives only in certain religious rituals; it is not now spoken by Coptic Christians.

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