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April 3
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April 3 is the 93rd day of the year (94th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 272 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
- 257 BC – A solar eclipse is seen over southern Gaul and Tuscany.
- 33 – Crucifixion of Jesus (traditional date)
- 1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England.
- 1559 – The treaty, Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis, is signed, ending the Italian Wars.
- 1764 - Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor is crowned Roman-German King in Frankfurt.
- 1834 – The Generals in the Greek War of Independence stand trial for treason.
- 1860 – The first successful Pony Express run from Saint Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California is started (completed on April 13).
- 1865 – American Civil War: Union forces capture Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the break-away Confederate States of America.
- 1881 - The Greek island of Chios is hit by a major earthquake. People do not return to the island until 1911.
- 1882 - American Old West: Outlaw Jesse James is killed by Robert Ford.
- 1884 - Belgian passenger ship Daniel Steinmann sinks in a storm of Halifax, Nova Scotia, killing 121 people.
- 1885 – Gottlieb Daimler is granted a German patent for his engine design.
- 1895 - The trial in the libel case brought by Oscar Wilde begins.
- 1905 – Boca Juniors football club is founded in Buenos Aires.
- 1922 – Joseph Stalin succeeds Vladimir Lenin as leader of the Soviet Union.
- 1933 - The first flight over Mount Everest occurs, as part of a British expedition led by Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 14th Duke of Hamilton, and funded by Lucy, Lady Houston.
- 1941 – Hungarian and German troops march into Yugoslavia.
- 1942 – World War II: Japanese forces begin an all-out assault on the United States and Filipino troops on the Bataan Peninsula. Bataan fell on April 9 and the Bataan Death March began.
- 1946 – Japanese Lt. General Masaharu Homma is executed outside Manila in the Philippines for leading the Bataan Death March.
- 1948 – President Harry Truman signs the Marshall Plan which authorizes $5 billion in aid for 16 countries.
- 1948 - In Jeju, South Korea, a civil war-like period of violence and human rights abuses begins.
- 1956 - A deadly Force 5 tornado hits the western half of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan.
- 1961 - Leadbeater's Possum is re-discovered in Australia, after 72 years.
- 1968 – Elvis Presley sings Heartbreak Hotel on the Milton Berle Show with an estimated 25% of the United States population viewing.
- 1968 – Martin Luther King Jr. delivers his "mountaintop" speech.
- 1973 – The first ever Mobile phone call is placed by Martin Cooper, in New York City
- 1974 – The Super Outbreak occurred. 148 tornadoes affected 13 states and 1 Canadian province in 18 hours. It was the biggest tornado outbreak in the planet's recorded history. 315 people die, nearly 5,500 are injured.
- 1981 - Osborne 1, the first-ever portable computer, is unveiled in San Francisco.
- 1984 - Lansana Conte comes to power in Guinea through a military coup.
- 1986 – IBM unveils the PC Convertible, their first laptop computer.
- 1991 - Miguel Trovoada becomes President of São Tomé and Príncipe.
- 1992 – Albania's last Communist leader Ramiz Alia resigns.
- 1996 – Suspected "Unabomber" Theodore Kaczynski is arrested at his Montana cabin.
- 1997 – Thalit massacre begins in Algeria; all but 1 of the 53 people living in Thalit are killed by guerrillas.
- 2000 – Microsoft is ruled to have violated United States antitrust laws by keeping "an oppressive thumb" on its competitors.
- 2004 – Islamist terrorists blow themselves up in Madrid, after a shootout with police.
- 2007 – A new speed record is set by a TGV train on the LGV Est high speed line in France.
- 2008 – ATA Airlines files for bankruptcy.
- 2010 – South African far-right politician Eugene Terre'Blanche is beaten to death on his farm near the town of Ventersdorp.
Births
Up to 1900
- 1151 - Igor Svyatoslavich, Kievan Rus Prince (d. 1202)
- 1245 – King Philip III of France (d. 1285)
- 1367 – King Henry IV of England (d. 1413)
- 1529 – Michael Neander, German mathematician and astronomer (d. 1581)
- 1593 - George Herbert, Welsh-born English poet (d. 1633)
- 1639 – Alessandro Stradella, Italian composer (d. 1682)
- 1643 - Charles V, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1690)
- 1683 – Mark Catesby, English naturalist (d. 1749)
- 1715 - William Watson, English physician and scientist (d. 1787)
- 1764 - John Abernethy, English surgeon (d. 1831)
- 1769 - Christian Gunther von Bernstorff, Danish-Prussian statesman and diplomat (d. 1835)
- 1770 - Theodoros Kolokstronis, Greek general (d. 1843)
- 1781 - Swaminarayan, Indian religious leader (d. 1830)
- 1783 – Washington Irving, American writer (d. 1859)
- 1798 – Charles Wilkes, American navy officer and polar explorer (d. 1877)
- 1806 – Ivan Kireevsky, Russian literary critic and philosopher (d. 1856)
- 1807 - Jane Digby, English aristocrat and adventuress (d. 1881)
- 1814 – Lorenzo Snow, American Mormon leader (d. 1901)
- 1822 - Edward Everett Hale, American writer (d. 1909)
- 1823 - William M. Tweed, American politician (d. 1878)
- 1843 – Knut Ekvall, Swedish artist (d. 1912)
- 1848 - Arturo Prat, Chilean lawyer and naval officer (d. 1879)
- 1861 - Frederik van Eeden, Dutch writer and psychiatrist (d. 1932)
- 1863 - Henry van de Velde, Belgian architect and designer (d. 1957)
- 1876 - Margaret Anglin, Canadian Broadway actress (d. 1958)
- 1876 - Celso Constantini, Italian cardinal (d. 1958)
- 1880 – Otto Weininger, Austrian philosopher (d. 1903)
- 1881 – Alcide De Gasperi, Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1954)
- 1882 - Philippe Desranleau, Canadian archbishop (d. 1952)
- 1885 - Bud Fisher, American cartoonist (d. 1954)
- 1885 - Allan Dwan, American director, producer and screenwriter (d. 1981)
- 1887 - Otori Tanigoro, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1956)
- 1889 - Grigoras Dinicu, Romanian composer and violinist (d. 1949)
- 1893 - Leslie Howard, British actor (d. 1943)
- 1895 – Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Italian composer (d. 1968)
- 1898 – Henry Luce, American publisher (d. 1967)
- 1898 - George Jessel, American actor, singer and producer (d. 1981)
- 1899 – David Jack, English footballer (d. 1958)
- 1899 - Maria Redaelli, Italian supercentenarian (d. 2013)
- 1900 - Camille Chamoun, President of Lebanon (d. 1987)
1901 – 1950
- 1904 - Sally Rand, American Burlesque dancer (d. 1979)
- 1907 - Iron Eyes Cody, American actor (d. 1999)
- 1911 – Stanislawa Walasiewicz, Polish athlete (d. 1980)
- 1913 – Per Borten, Prime Minister of Norway (d. 2005)
- 1915 – Piet de Jong, former Prime Minister of the Netherlands
- 1920 – Stan Freeman, American composer and lyricist (d. 2001)
- 1920 – John Demjanjuk, Ukrainian convicted Nazi war criminal (d. 2012)
- 1920 - Yoshibayama Junnosuke, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1977)
- 1922 - Jose Hierro, Spanish poet (d. 2002)
- 1922 - Carlo Lizzani, Italian movie director, screenwriter and actor (d. 2013)
- 1924 – Marlon Brando, American actor (d. 2004)
- 1924 – Doris Day, American actress
- 1925 – Tony Benn, British politician (d. 2014)
- 1926 – Gus Grissom, American astronaut (d. 1967)
- 1929 - Miyoshi Umeki, Japanese actress (d. 2007)
- 1929 - Poul Schluter, former Prime Minister of Denmark
- 1930 – Helmut Kohl, former Chancellor of Germany
- 1930 - Lawton Chiles, 41st Governor of Florida (d. 1998)
- 1934 – Jane Goodall, English zoologist
- 1936 – Reginald Hill, English crime fiction writer (d. 2012)
- 1936 - Harold Vick, American jazz saxophonist and flautist (d. 1987)
- 1942 - Wayne Newton, American singer and actor
- 1943 - Mario Lavista, Mexican composer
- 1943 - Jonathan Lynn, English actor, director and screenwriter
- 1945 - Bernie Parent, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1945 - Catherine Spaak, French actress
- 1946 - Dee Murphy, English musician (d. 1992)
- 1946 - Marisa Paredes, Spanish actress
- 1946 - Hanna Suchocka, 5th Prime Minister of Poland
- 1948 – Carlos Salinas de Gortari, former President of Mexico
- 1948 – Jaap de Hoop Scheffer, Dutch politician and former NATO Secretary-General
- 1949 – Daniel Catan, Mexican composer (d. 2011)
- 1949 - A. C. Grayling, British philosopher
1951 – 1975
- 1953 - Wakanohana Kanji II, Japanese sumo wrestler
- 1956 - Miguel Bose, Spanish singer and actor
- 1958 – Alec Baldwin, American actor
- 1959 – David Hyde Pierce, American actor
- 1960 - Elizabeth Gracen, American actress and model
- 1961 – Eddie Murphy, American actor and comedian
- 1962 – Jennifer Rubin, American actress
- 1964 – Bjarne Riis, Danish cyclist
- 1964 – Andy Robinson, English rugby player and coach
- 1964 - Nigel Farage, English politician
- 1966 – Mina Tominaga, Japanese voice actress
- 1966 - Michael Mittermeier, German comedian
- 1968 – Sebastian Bach, Canadian singer
- 1971 – Vitalijs Astafjevs, Latvian footballer
- 1972 – Kenny Logan, Scottish rugby player
- 1972 - Lola Pagnani, Italian movie actress
- 1972 - Leigh-Allyn Baker, American actress
- 1973 - Prabhu Deva, Indian dancer, choreographer, movie director and actor
- 1973 – Jamie Bamber, English actor
- 1975 - Shawn Bates, American ice hockey player
From 1976
- 1976 – Drew Shirley, American musician
- 1978 - Matthew Goode, English actor
- 1978 – Tommy Haas, German tennis player
- 1978 – John Smit, South African rugby player
- 1982 - Cobie Smulders, Canadian actress
- 1983 – Ben Foster, English footballer
- 1985 – Leona Lewis, English singer
- 1986 – Amanda Bynes, American actress
- 1986 - Coleen Rooney, English celebrity
- 1987 - Park Jung-min, South Korean singer, dancer and actor
- 1988 – Tim Krul, Dutch footballer
- 1990 – Sotiris Ninis, Greek footballer
- 1990 - Karim Ansarifard, Iranian footballer
- 1991 – Hayley Kiyoko, American singer, dancer and actress
- 1993 - Pape Moussa Konate, Senegalese footballer
Deaths
- 963 – William III, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 915)
- 1287 - Pope Honorius IV (b. 1240)
- 1350 - Eudes IV, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1295)
- 1617 – John Napier, Scottish mathematician (b. 1550)
- 1680 - Shivaji, Indian founder of the Maratha Empire (b. 1608)
- 1682 – Bartolome Esteban Murillo, Spanish painter (b. 1618)
- 1691 - Jean Petitot, French-Swiss painter (b. 1608)
- 1849 – Juliusz Slowacki, Polish poet (b. 1809)
- 1857 - Federico de Roncali, 1st Count of Alcoy, Prime Minister of Spain (b. 1809)
- 1868 – Franz Berwald, Swedish composer and inventor (b. 1796)
- 1882 – Jesse James, American outlaw (b. 1847)
- 1897 – Johannes Brahms, German composer (b. 1833)
- 1901 - Richard D'Oyly Carte, British talent agent, impresario, composer and hotelier (b. 1844)
- 1936 – Bruno Hauptmann, German, convicted for the murder of Charles Lindbergh III (b. 1899)
- 1941 – Pal Teleki, Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1879)
- 1941 - Tachiyama Mineemon, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1877)
- 1950 – Kurt Weill, German composer (b. 1900)
- 1950 - Carter G. Woodson, American historian, writer and journalist (b. 1875)
- 1952 – Miina Sillanpaa, Finnish politician (b. 1866)
- 1954 - Aristides de Sousa Mendes, Portuguese diplomat (b. 1885)
- 1975 - Mary Ure, Scottish actress (b. 1933)
- 1986 – Peter Pears, English tenor (b. 1910)
- 1990 – Sarah Vaughan, American jazz singer and pianist (b. 1924)
- 1991 – Graham Greene, English writer (b. 1904)
- 1994 – Frank Wells, American businessman, President of the Walt Disney Company (b. 1932)
- 1996 - Ron Brown, American politician (b. 1941)
- 1999 – Lionel Bart, English composer (b. 1930)
- 2003 – Edwin Starr, American singer (b. 1942)
- 2004 - Gabriella Ferri, Italian singer (b. 1942)
- 2007 – Nina Wang, Asia's richest woman (b. 1937)
- 2008 – Hrvoje Custic, Croatian footballer (b. 1983)
- 2010 – Eugene Terre'Blanche, South African far-right politician (b. 1941)
- 2012 - Xenia Stade-de Jong, Dutch athlete (b. 1922)
- 2013 - Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, German-born novelist, short story writer and screenwriter (b. 1927)
- 2014 - Tommy Lynn Sells, American serial killer (b. 1964)
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