List of countries in the 1900s
 | This list is not complete; you can help by adding missing items. |
Sovereign states
| Name and capital city | Information on status and recognition of sovereignty | |
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A | ||
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| Abuja - Abuja Emirate (to 1902) Capital: Abuja |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 →  Acre – Independent State of Acre (to March 15th 1900, from November to December 24th 1900, and from January 27th to November 11th 1903.) Capital: Cidade do Acre |
De facto independent state to March 15, 1900, from November 1900 to December 24, 1900, and from January 27, 1903, to November 11, 1903. Claimed by Bolivia. | |
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| Agadez - Tenere Sultanate of Aïr (to 1900) Capital: Agadez |
Widely recognized independent state to 1900.[1] | |
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.svg){kind=small} Andorra – Principality of Andorra Capital: Andorra la Vella |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Angoche - Angoche Sultanate Capital: Angoche |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Argentina – Argentine Republic Capital: Buenos Aires |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Aro – Aro Confederacy (to January 1902) Capital: Arochukwu |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Ashanti – Ashanti Empire (to January 1902) Capital: Kumasi |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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.svg){kind=small} → .svg){kind=small} →  Australia – Commonwealth of Australia (from January 1, 1901) Capital: Melbourne |
Widely recognized independent state from January 1, 1901.[2] Australia is autonomous but still dependent from the United Kingdom. Australia has 1 External Territory: | |
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 Austria-Hungary – Austro-Hungarian Monarchy Capital: Vienna (Cisleithania), Budapest (Transleithania) |
Widely recognized independent state. Austria-Hungary has 1 concession:
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B | ||
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 Bali - Kingdom of Bali (to 1908)Capital: Klungkung |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Beihan - Emirate of Beihan (to 1904) Capital: Suq Abdulla |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Belgium – Kingdom of Belgium Capital: Brussels |
Widely recognized independent state. Belgium has 1 colony and 1 concession:
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| Bhutan Capital: Punakha
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Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Biu - Biu Kingdom (to 1900) Capital: Biu |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Bolivia – Republic of Bolivia Capital: Sucre (official), La Paz (administrative) |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Brakna - Brakna Emirate (to October 18th 1904) Capital: Aleg |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Brazil – Republic of the United States of Brazil Capital: Rio de Janeiro |
Widely recognized independent state. Brazil was a federation of 20 states, one territory, and one federal district.[a] | |
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 Bulgaria Capital: Sofia
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De facto independent state until October 5, 1908. Widely recognized independent state from October 5, 1908. | |
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C | ||
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 Canada – Dominion of Canada Capital: Ottawa |
Widely recognized independent state. Canada is autonomous but still dependent from the United Kingdom. | |
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.svg){kind=small} Champasak - Kingdom of Champasak (to November 22, 1904) Capital: Champasak |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Chile – Republic of Chile Capital: Santiago |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 China – Great Qing Empire Capital: Peking |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Chokwe - Chokwe Kingdom (to 1908) | Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Colombia – Republic of Colombia Capital: Bogotá |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Congo – Congo Free State (to November 15th 1908) Capital: Boma |
Widely recognized independent state. State in personal union with the Kingdom of Belgium. | |
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 →  Costa Rica – Republic of Costa Rica Capital: San José |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Template:Country data Cretan State – Cretan State (to October 6th 1908) Capital: Chania |
De facto independent state, . | |
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| Template:Country data Republic of Cuba (1902–1959) – Republic of Cuba (from May 20th 1902 to September 28th 1906 and from February 6th 1909) Capital: Havana |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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D | ||
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 Darfur –Sultanate of Darfur Capital: El Fasher |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Daure-Baure - Kingdom of Daure-Baure (to 1903) | Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Daure-Zango - Kingdom of Daure-Zango (to 1903) | Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Dendi - Dendi Kingdom (to 1901) Capital: Lulami |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Denmark – Kingdom of Denmark Capital: Copenhagen |
Widely recognized independent state. Denmark has 2 colonies and 1 dependency:
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| Template:Country data Dhala – Emirate of Dhala (to 1904) Capital: Dhala |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Dominican Republic – Dominican Republic Capital: Santo Domingo | ||
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E | ||
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.svg){kind=small} → .svg){kind=small} Ecuador – Republic of Ecuador Capital: Quito |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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.svg){kind=small} El Salvador – Republic of El Salvador Capital: San Salvador |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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.svg){kind=small} Ethiopia – Ethiopian Empire Capital: Addis Ababa |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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F | ||
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 France – French Republic Capital: Paris | ||
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G | ||
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| Geledi - Sultanate of the Geledi (to September 3rd 1908) Capital: Afgooye |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 German Empire – German Realm Capital: Berlin |
Widely recognized independent state. The following are colonies, concessions and protectorates of Germany: | |
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.svg){kind=small} Greece – Kingdom of Greece Capital: Athens |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala Capital: Guatemala City |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Gumel - Gumel Emirate (to 1903) Capital: Gumel |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Gumma - Kingdom of Gumma (to 1902) | ||
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H | ||
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 Ha'il – Emirate of Ha'il Capital: Ha'il |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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.svg){kind=small} Haiti – Republic of Haiti Capital: Port-au-Prince |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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.svg){kind=small} Honduras – Republic of Honduras Capital: Tegucigalpa | ||
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I | ||
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| Igala - Igala Kingdom (to 1901) Capital: Idah |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Igara - Kingdom of Igara (to 1901) | Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Ilé-Ifẹ̀ - Ilé-Ifẹ̀ Kingdom (to 1900) Capital: Ilé-Ifẹ̀ |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Italy – Kingdom of Italy Capital: Rome | ||
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J | ||
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 Japan – Empire of Japan Capital: Tokyo City |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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K | ||
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| Kajara - Kajara Kingdom (to 1901) | Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Kano - Kano Emirate (to February 3, 1903) Capital: Takai |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Kasanje - Kasanje Kingdom | Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Kebbi - Kebbi Emirate (to 1902) Capital: Argungu |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Kel Ahaggar (to 1903) | Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Korean Empire – Greater Korean Empire (to November 17, 1905) Capital: Hanseong |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Kuba - Kuba Kingdom (to 1900) Capital: Nsheng |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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L | ||
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| Lafia Beri-Beri - Lafia Beri-Beri Kingdom (to 1900) Capital: Lafia |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Liberia – Republic of Liberia Capital: Monrovia |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Liechtenstein – Principality of Liechtenstein Capital: Vaduz |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Luxembourg – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Capital: Luxembourg City |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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M | ||
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| Mbunda - Mbunda Kingdom (to 1908) | Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Mexico – United Mexican States Capital: Mexico City |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Monaco – Principality of Monaco Capital: Monaco |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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.svg){kind=small} → .svg){kind=small} Montenegro – Principality of Montenegro Capital: Cetinje |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Morocco – Sultanate of Morocco Capital: Fez |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Mutayr - Emirate of Mutayr (to 1908) | Widely recognized independent state. | |
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N | ||
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.svg){kind=small} Nepal – Kingdom of Nepal Capital: Kathmandu |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Netherlands – Kingdom of the Netherlands Capital: Amsterdam |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Newfoundland – Dominion of Newfoundland (from September 26th 1907) Capital: St. John's |
Widely recognized independent state. Newfoundland is autonomous but still dependent from the United Kingdom. | |
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 New Zealand – Dominion of New Zealand (from September 26th 1907) Capital: Wellington |
Widely recognized independent state. New Zealand is autonomous but still dependent from the United Kingdom. | |
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.svg){kind=small} → .svg){kind=small} Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua Capital: Managua |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Niue - Kingdom of Niue-Fekai (to October 20th 1900) | Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Norway – Kingdom of Norway Capital: Christiania |
Widely recognized independent state. In personal union with Sweden until June 7, 1905. | |
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| Nri - Kingdom of Nri Capital: Igbo-Ukwu |
Widely recognized independent state.[3] | |
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| Nshenyi - Nshenyi Kingdom (to 1901) | Widely recognized independent state. | |
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O | ||
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| Obwera - Obwera Kingdom (to 1901) | Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Onitsha - Onitsha Kingdom (to 1900) Capital: Onitsha |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Template:Country data Orange Free State (to May 31st 1902) Capital: Bloemfontein |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Ottoman Empire – Sublime Ottoman State Capital: Constantinople |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Ouaddai - Wadai Empire Capital: Abéché |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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P | ||
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.svg){kind=small} →  Panama – Republic of Panama (from November 3, 1903) Capital: Panama City |
Widely recognized independent state from November 3, 1903.[4] | |
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 Paraguay – Republic of Paraguay Capital: Asunción |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 →  Persia – Sublime State of Persia Capital: Tehran |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Peru – Peruvian Republic Capital: Lima |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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.svg){kind=small} Philippines - Philippine Republic (de facto independent state, to March 23rd 1901) Capital: Several temporary capitals |
De facto independent state, to March 23, 1901. | |
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 Portugal – Kingdom of Portugal Capital: Lisbon |
Widely recognized independent state. The following are colonies, vassals and possessions of Portugal:
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| Potiskum - Potiskum Emirate (to 1901) Capital: Potiskum |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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R | ||
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| Rabih's Empire (to 1900) Capital: Dikwa | ||
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 Riyadh - Emirate of Riyadh (from January 15,1902) Capital: Riyadh |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Romania – Kingdom of Romania Capital: Bucharest |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Rujumbura – Rujumbura Kingdom (to 1901) | Widely recognized independent state. | |
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| Rukiga – Rukiga Kingdom (to 1901) | Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Russia - Russian Empire Capital: Saint Petersburg |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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S | ||
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 San Marino - Most Serene Republic of San Marino Capital: San Marino |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Serbia – Kingdom of Serbia Capital: Belgrade |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Siam – Kingdom of Siam Capital: Bangkok |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Sokoto – Caliphal State in the Bilād as-Sūdān (to July 29th 1903) Capital: Sokoto |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Spain – Kingdom of Spain Capital: Madrid |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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.svg){kind=small} Swaziland – Kingdom of Swaziland (to June 1902) Capital: Bremersdorp |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 →  Sweden – Kingdom of Sweden (in personal union with Norway until June 7, 1905)[b] Capital: Sweden |
Widely recognized independent state. | |
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 Switzerland – Swiss Confederation Capital: Bern T
U
VWStates claiming sovereignty | ||
 Aceh – Kingdom of Aceh Darussalam (to 1903) Capital: Kutaraja |
Protectorate of the Ottoman Empire until 1903. | |
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| Chita - Chita Republic (from November 1905 to January 1906) | Unrecognized state. | |
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 Cruzob - Chan Santa Cruz (to May 5th 1901) Capital: Noh Kah Balam Nah Chan Santa Cruz |
De facto independent state. | |
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 Dervish State - Dervish State Capital: Taleh |
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 Khiva - Khanate of Khiva Capital: Khiva |
Semi-independent state. Under Russian protection. | |
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 Kruševo - Republic of Kruševo (from August 3 to August 13, 1903) Capital: Kruševo |
De facto independent state. | |
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| Shuntian Kingdom - Heavenly Kingdom of the Great Mingshun (from January 28 to January 31, 1903) Capital: Guangzhou |
Unrecognized state from January 28 to January 31, 1903.[5] | |
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 Tagalog Republic (de facto independent state, from May 6th 1902 to July 14th 1906) Capital: Morong |
Unrecognized state. | |
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Non-sovereign territories
United Kingdom
Cape Colony – Cape of Good Hope
Fiji – Colony of Fiji
New South Wales – Colony of New South Wales (to December 31st 1900)- New Zealand – Colony of New Zealand (to September 25th 1907)
Queensland – Colony of Queensland (to December 31st 1900)
South Australia – Colony of South Australia (to December 31st 1900)
Tasmania – Colony of Tasmania (to December 31st 1900)
Victoria – Colony of Victoria (to December 31st 1900)
Western Australia – Colony of Western Australia (to December 31st 1900)
.svg){kind=small}
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Notes
- ↑ 20 States: Alagoas, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceará, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Pará, Paraíba, Paraná, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, São Paulo, Sergipe. 1 Territory: Acre (from April 30, 1904). 1 Federal District: Federal District.
- ↑ Union Badge removed November 1st 1905.
References
- ↑ James B. Minahan (2016). Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups around the World, 2nd Edition. ABC-CLIO. p. 418. ISBN 978-1-61069-954-9.
- ↑ "Australia", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2021-10-20, retrieved 2021-10-26
- ↑ "The Nri Kingdom | Interesting Facts About Igbo Ancient Civilisation". dakingsman.com. 26 September 2020. Retrieved 2021-10-27.
- ↑ "Panama", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2021-10-19, retrieved 2021-10-26
- ↑ Rong, Yuan. "洪秀全后裔今何在 [Where are the descendants of Hong Xiuquan]". Zhoumo News. Archived from the original on 2014-05-06. Retrieved October 27, 2021.