2024 United States presidential election

The 2024 United States presidential election was the 60th quadrennial presidential election. The election was held on Tuesday, November 5, 2024, along with other state and federal elections. It is the first presidential election to use population information from the 2020 census.[3] The Republican ticket of former President Donald Trump and Ohio Senator JD Vance won the election. They defeated the Democratic ticket of Vice President Kamala Harris and Minnesota Governor Tim Walz.

2024 United States presidential election

← 2020 November 5, 2024 2028 →

538 members of the Electoral College
270 electoral votes needed to win
Opinion polls
TurnoutTBD
Reporting
98.9%
as of 1:21 a.m., November 12, 2024 EST
  Donald Trump official portrait (3x4a).jpg Kamala Harris Vice Presidential Portrait (cropped).jpg
Nominee Donald Trump Kamala Harris
Party Republican Democratic
Home state Florida California
Running mate JD Vance Tim Walz
Projected electoral vote 312[1] 226[1]
States carried 31 + ME-02 19 + DC + NE-02
Popular vote 75,115,826[1] 71,819,593[1]
Percentage 50.3%[1] 48.1%[1]

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About this image
Presidential election results map. Red denotes states won by Trump/Vance and blue denotes those won by Harris/Walz. Numbers indicate electoral votes cast by each state and the District of Columbia.[2]

President before election

Joe Biden
Democratic

Elected President

Donald Trump
Republican

President Joe Biden originally ran for reelection to a second term and became the Democratic Party's presumptive nominee, but ended his campaign on July 21, 2024 after a bad debate performance and concerns about his age and health. He endorsed Vice President Kamala Harris for president.[4] She picked Governor of Minnesota Tim Walz as her running mate. Had she won, she would have become the first female president in U.S. history. Harris is the first nominee who did not participate in the primaries since Hubert Humphrey in 1968.[5]

Former President Donald Trump is also running for reelection to a non-consecutive term. He picked Ohio U.S. Senator JD Vance as his running mate. He is the first President to serve two non-consecutive terms since Grover Cleveland. In 2023 and 2024, Trump was found liable and guilty in civil and criminal proceedings, becoming the first former president to be convicted of a crime.[6] Trump survived an assassination attempt on July 13, 2024.

Some main campaign issues during the election cycle are abortion,[7][8][9] border security and immigration,[10][11] climate change,[12][13] democracy,[14][15] the economy,[16] education,[17] foreign policy,[18] healthcare,[19] and LGBT rights.[20]

Trump and Vance won the election in the early hours of November 6 as the next and 47th president and 50th vice president of the United States.[21] Trump won the national popular vote as well as the electoral vote this time, unlike 2016. Harris called Trump on November 6 ton congratulate him.[22] She delivered a concession speech later that day.[23][24] Trump is the second president to be elected to a non-consecutive second term, 132 years after Grover Cleveland won the 1892 election. Trump is also the oldest person ever elected president, at the age of 78.[25] Harris is the most recent sitting vice president to run for the presidency and lose since Al Gore in 2000 and the most recent Democratic presidential nominee to lose the national popular vote since John Kerry in 2004.[26]

Background

Requirements

Article Two of the United States Constitution states that for a person to serve as president, the person must be a natural-born citizen of the United States, be at least 35 years old, and have been a United States resident for at least 14 years. The Twenty-second Amendment prevents anyone from being elected president more than twice.

Campaign topics

Abortion

The Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization decision in June 2022 overturned the 1973 Roe v. Wade decision, allowing U.S. states to fully ban abortion for the first time in almost 50 years. This made abortion a campaign issue. The Republicans have been linked to Project 2025, which asks to completely ban abortion in the country.

Crime

Due to more mass shootings in the United States, President Biden has advocated a ban of assault weapons. This is most likely a major campaign topic to play out in both parties.

Inflation

Republicans have blamed Democrats for the high inflation rates from 2021 to 2023.

Democratic Party

 
President Joe Biden announced his re-election campaign on April 25, 2023. He would end his re-election campaign on July 21, 2024, term expires on January 20, 2025
 
A day after Biden ended his campaign, Vice President Kamala Harris became the presumptive Democratic nominee

Joe Biden is the current president, elected for his first term in office in the 2020 election, and has said he planned to run for a second term in 2024. He is the oldest president, at age 78, and would've been 82 at the end of his first term and 86 at the end of a second term, if he was reelected.

During late 2021, as President Biden had low approval ratings in the polls, there was speculation that he would not run for reelection.[27] If this happened, Vice President Kamala Harris and Secretary of Transportation Pete Buttigieg would be considered likely candidates for the Democratic presidential nomination, having both run for president in 2020.[28][29] However, Biden said he had every intention of running for reelection.[30]

In March 2023, author and 2020 presidential candidate Marianne Williamson announced her presidential campaign, challenging Biden.[31] In April 2023, environmental lawyer Robert F. Kennedy Jr. announced his challenge to Biden, becoming the second Democratic challenger to Biden.[32] On April 25, 2023, President Joe Biden announced he was running for re-election with Vice President Kamala Harris as his running mate.[33]

In October 2023, Kennedy Jr. announced he would be withdrawing from the Democratic primary to run an Independent campaign for president.[34][35] A few weeks later, U.S. Representative from Minnesota Dean Phillips announced his candidacy on October 26, 2023.[36] Spiritual author Marianne Williamson ended her campaign on February 7, 2024.[37] She would then re-enter the race a few weeks later after winning 3% of the vote in the Michigan primary.[37] Williamson would end her campaign again on June 11, 2024.[37]

During the first presidential debate in late June, many people saw that Biden did not do well with his polling numbers showing him losing to Trump by a bigger margin than before.[38] Many Democrats wanted him to end his campaign with Marianne Williamson re-entering the race a third time.[37][39][40] On July 21, 2024, Biden announced that he was ending his presidential campaign, allowing the Democratic Party to choose a new candidate. He endorsed Vice President Kamala Harris for the nomination.[41] The next day, most of the delegates said they would vote for Harris, enough for her to become the presumptive nominee.[42]

On August 6, 2024, Harris picked Governor of Minnesota Tim Walz as her running mate.[43][44] Pennsylvania Governor Josh Shapiro, Kentucky Governor Andy Beshear, Illinois Governor J. B. Pritzker, Arizona U.S. Senator Mark Kelly and Secretary of Transportation Pete Buttigieg were seriously considered as running mate options and were vetted by the Harris campaign as well.[45][46]

The Democratic National Convention was held in Chicago, Illinois at the United Center between August 19 to 22, 2024.[47][48]

Democratic nominee

2024 Democratic Party ticket
Kamala Harris Tim Walz
for President for Vice President
49th
Vice President of the United States
(2021–present)
41st
Governor of Minnesota
(2019–present)

Withdrew after the primaries

Name Born Experience Home state Campaign
announced
Campaign
suspended
Campaign Ref
 
Marianne Williamson
August 8, 1952
(age 72)
Houston, Texas
Author
Founder of Project Angel Food
Candidate for president in 2020
Washington, D.C. March 4, 2023
February 28, 2024
July 2, 2024
February 7, 2024
June 11, 2024
July 29, 2024
 
Campaign

FEC filing[49]
Website

[31]
[50]
[51]
[52]
[53]
[37]
 
Joe Biden
November 20, 1942
(age 81)
Scranton, Pennsylvania
President of the United States
(2021–present)

Vice President of the United States
(2009–2017)
U.S. Senator from Delaware
(1973–2009)
Delaware April 25, 2023
July 21, 2024
(endorsed Harris)
 
Campaign

FEC filing[54]
Website

[55][56][57]

Withdrew during the primaries

The candidate in this section have suspended their campaigns, or have otherwise ceased campaigning and ended their bids for the nomination during the primary season. <section begin="withdrawnduring" />

Withdrawn major candidates for the 2024 Republican Party presidential primaries
Name Born Experience Home state Campaign
announced
Campaign
suspended
Campaign Ref.
 
Nikki Haley
January 20, 1972
(age 52)
Bamberg, South Carolina
Ambassador to the United Nations
(2017–2018)

Governor of South Carolina
(2011–2017)
South Carolina State Representative
(2005–2011)
South Carolina February 14, 2023 March 6, 2024  
Campaign
February 14, 2023
FEC filing[58]
Website
[59][60]
 
Ryan Binkley
November 19, 1967
(age 56)
Columbus, Georgia
Co-founder and CEO of Generational Equity Group
(2006–present)

Co-founder and lead pastor of Create Church
(2014–present)
Texas April 23, 2023 February 27, 2024
(endorsed Trump)
 
Campaign
FEC filing[61][62]
Website
[63][64]
 
Ron DeSantis
September 14, 1978
(age 46)
Jacksonville, Florida
Governor of Florida
(2019–present)

U.S. Representative from FL-06
(2013–2018)
Florida May 24, 2023 January 21, 2024
(endorsed Trump)
 
Campaign
FEC filing[65][66][67]
Website
[68][69]
 
Asa Hutchinson
December 3, 1950
(age 73)
Bentonville, Arkansas
Governor of Arkansas
(2015–2023)

Under Secretary of Homeland Security
(2003–2005)
Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration
(2001–2003)
Arkansas April 26, 2023 January 16, 2024
(endorsed Haley)
 
Campaign
FEC filing[70]
Website
[71][72]
 
Vivek Ramaswamy
August 9, 1985
(age 39)
Cincinnati, Ohio
Executive chairman of Strive Asset Management
(2022–2023)

CEO of Roivant Sciences
(2014–2021)
Ohio February 21, 2023 January 15, 2024
(endorsed Trump)
 
Campaign
FEC filing[73][74]
Website
[75][76]

<section end="withdrawnduring" />

Republican Party

Donald J. Trump was defeated by Joe Biden in 2020 and was impeached by the House of Representatives. He was found not guilty in his second impeachment in 2021 and is currently able to run again in the 2024. He is seeking to become the second president, after Grover Cleveland, to serve two non-consecutive terms, potentially making him both the 45th and 47th president of the United States.[77][78]

 
Former President Donald J. Trump announced his campaign on November 15, 2022

Although after the January 6 insurrection may have severely damaged his public opinion about him. House Democrats considered using the Fourteenth Amendment to prevent Trump from being eligible to run again. Trump is the first president since Richard Nixon to win his party's nomination three times in a row.

The last president to run after leaving office was Theodore Roosevelt, who came in second in the 1912 election as the candidate of the Progressive Party, although Herbert Hoover did seek the Republican nomination at national conventions after leaving office in 1933. On November 11, 2022, former Montana Secretary of State Corey Stapleton became the first Republican major candidate.[79]

On November 15, 2022, he officially announced his candidacy to a non-consecutive term. On February 14, 2023, former Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley announced her candidacy. A week later, businessman Vivek Ramaswamy announced his campaign on February 21. On March 2, 2023, Michigan businessman and writer Perry Johnson announced his campaign after running ads during the Super Bowl in Iowa.[80]

In April 2023, former Governor of Arkansas Asa Hutchinson announced his campaign and so did Texas businessman and pastor Ryan Binkley,[71][63] while South Carolina U.S. Senator Tim Scott announced an exploratory committee for a possible presidential campaign.[81] Scott would file to run on May 19, 2023.[81] On April 20, conservative radio host and former 2021 California gubernatorial candidate Larry Elder announced his candidacy.[82] On May 24, Governor of Florida Ron DeSantis announced his candidacy.[68] Nearly two weeks later on June 5, former Vice President Mike Pence filed paperwork to run for president.[83] The following day, former New Jersey Governor Chris Christie announced his campaign at a town hall event in New Hampshire.[84] On June 7, Governor of North Dakota Doug Burgum announced his campaign.[85] A week later on June 14, Miami Mayor Francis X. Suarez filed to run for president.[86] On June 22, former Texas U.S. Representative Will Hurd announced his campaign.[87]

 
While mainly polling in second place until mid-October 2023, Florida Governor Ron DeSantis and former United Nations Ambassador Nikki Haley have been tied for second place

Following the first debate, Suarez withdrew from the election on August 29, after saying non-debate qualified candidates should withdraw from the race.[88] In early October 2023, Hurd and Stapleton withdrew from their candidacies with Hurd supporting Haley.[89][90] By the end of the month, Johnson and Elder suspended their campaigns and endorsed Trump,[91][92] whereas Pence dropped out without supporting anyone.[93] On November 12, Senator Tim Scott ended his campaign after having low polling numbers.[94] On December 4, Burgum ended his campaign after low polling numbers and failing to qualify for the last two debates.[95]

On January 10, 2024, a week before the Iowa caucus, former Governor Chris Christie ended his campaign, after Trump critics urged him to drop out to help Nikki Haley in the New Hampshire primary.[96] Following Trump's win in the Iowa caucus on January 15, 2024, Vivek Ramaswamy ended his campaign and endorsed Trump,[76] whereas former Governor Asa Hutchinson ended his campaign the following day and endorsed Healey.[72] On January 21, Governor Ron DeSantis ended his campaign and endorsed Trump.[69] On February 27, pastor Ryan Binkley ended his campaign and endorsed Trump.[64]

On July 13, 2024, just two days before the Republican National Convention, during a campaign rally in Butler, Pennsylvania, Trump was shot in the right ear in an attempted assassination.[97] Two days after the shooting, Trump picked Ohio U.S. Senator JD Vance to be his running mate.[98] North Dakota Governor Doug Burgum, South Carolina U.S. Senator Tim Scott and Florida U.S. Senator Marco Rubio were also seriously considered and vetted by the Trump campaign to be his running mate.[99][100]

The Republican National Convention was held in Milwaukee, Wisconsin at the Fiserv Forum between July 15 and 18, 2024.[101][102] Other cities considered to host the convention included Salt Lake City, Kansas City, Nashville and Pittsburgh.[103]

Similar to other Presidential campaigns, Trump has the issue of age —he turned 78 in June and there was the idea to do, He would be 82, If his term ends.

Republican nominee

2024 Republican Party ticket
Donald Trump JD Vance
for President for Vice President
45th
President of the United States
(2017–2021)
U.S. Senator
from Ohio
(2023–present)

Withdrew before the primaries

The candidates in this section have suspended their campaigns, or have otherwise ceased campaigning and ended their bids for the nomination before any primary contests were held. <section begin="withdrawnbefore" />

Withdrawn major candidates for the 2024 Republican Party presidential primaries
Name Born Experience Home state Campaign
announced
Campaign
suspended
Campaign Ref.
 
Chris Christie
September 6, 1962
(age 62)
Newark, New Jersey
Governor of New Jersey
(2010–2018)

Candidate for president (2016)
U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey
(2002–2008)
New Jersey June 6, 2023 January 10, 2024  
Campaign
FEC filing[104]
Website
[84][96]
 
Doug Burgum
August 1, 1956
(age 68)
Arthur, North Dakota
Governor of North Dakota
(2016–present)

Senior VP of Microsoft Business Solutions Group
(2002–2007)
President of Great Plains Software
(1984–2001)
North Dakota June 7, 2023 December 4, 2023
(endorsed Trump)
 
Campaign
FEC filing[105]
Website
[85][95]
 
Tim Scott
September 19, 1965
(age 59)
North Charleston, South Carolina
U.S. Senator from South Carolina
(2013–present)

U.S. Representative from SC-01
(2011–2013)
South Carolina State Representative
(2009–2011)
  South Carolina May 19, 2023
Exploratory committee:
April 12, 2023
November 12, 2023
(endorsed Trump)
 
Campaign
FEC filing[106][107]
Website
[81][94]
 
Mike Pence
June 7, 1959
(age 64)
Columbus, Indiana
Vice President of the United States
(2017–2021)

Governor of Indiana
(2013–2017)
U.S. Representative from IN-06 (2003–2013)
U.S. Representative from IN-02 (2001–2003)
  Indiana June 5, 2023 October 28, 2023  
Campaign
FEC filing[108]
Website
[83][93]
 
Larry Elder
April 27, 1952
(age 71)
Los Angeles, California
Host of The Larry Elder Show
(1993–2022)

Candidate for Governor of California in the 2021 recall election
  California April 20, 2023 October 26, 2023
(endorsed Trump)
 
Campaign
FEC filing[109]
Website
[110][92]
 
Perry Johnson
January 23, 1948
(age 75)
Dolton, Illinois
Founder of Perry Johnson Registrars, Inc.
(1994–present)

Disqualified candidate for Governor of Michigan in 2022
  Michigan March 2, 2023 October 20, 2023
(endorsed Trump)
 
Campaign
FEC filing[111]
Website
[112][91][113]
 
Corey Stapleton
September 17, 1967
(age 56)
Seattle, Washington
Montana Secretary of State
(2017–2021)

Montana State Senator
(2001–2009)
  Montana November 11, 2022
Exploratory committee:
March 10, 2022
October 13, 2023  
Campaign
FEC filing[114]
Website
[115][116][90]
 
Will Hurd
August 19, 1977
(age 46)
San Antonio, Texas
U.S. Representative from TX-23
(2015–2021)
  Texas June 22, 2023 October 9, 2023
(endorsed Haley)
 
Campaign
FEC filing[117]
Website
[87][89]
 
Francis Suarez
October 6, 1977
(age 45)
Miami, Florida
Mayor of Miami
(2017–present)

Member of the Miami City Commission (2009–2017)
  Florida June 14, 2023 August 29, 2023  
Campaign
FEC filing[118]
Website Archived August 22, 2023, at the Wayback Machine[a]
[86][88]

<section end="withdrawnbefore" />

Other notable individuals who were not considered major candidates and who withdrew from the race before the beginning of the primary season include:

Major Independents and third parties

With majority ballot access

Libertarian Party

Chase Oliver was chosen by the Libertarian Party as its presidential nominee on May 26, 2024, at the 2024 Libertarian National Convention.[121] As of May 2024, the party has ballot access in at least 37 states with a total of 380 electoral votes.[122]

2024 Libertarian Party ticket
Chase Oliver Mike ter Maat
for President for Vice President
Sales account executive
from Georgia
Economist
from Virginia

Green Party

Jill Stein announced on May 26, 2024, that her campaign had accrued enough delegates to win the Green Party nomination.[123][124][125] Stein was also the party's candidate in 2012 and 2016. The 2024 Green National Convention took place on August 15–18, 2024.[126] As of June 2024, Stein has ballot access both on Green Party and Independent ballot lines in at least 22 states with a total of 273 electoral votes.[127][better source needed]

2024 Green Party ticket
Jill Stein Butch Ware
for President for Vice President
Physician
from Massachusetts
Academic
from California

Party for Socialism and Liberation

Community organizer Claudia De la Cruz announced her campaign for president on September 7, 2023 with Karina Garcia as her running mate under the Party for Socialism and Liberation ticket.[128] In 2024, Democrats have been working to keep PSL candidate Claudia De la Cruz along with some other third-party candidates like Cornel West off of ballots,[129] while Republicans have been working to get them onto ballots.[129]

2024 Party for Socialism and Liberation ticket
Claudia De la Cruz Karina Garcia
for President for Vice President
Activist
from New York
Activist
from California

Constitution Party

On March 29, 2024, anti-abortion activist Randall Terry declared his candidacy in the presidential election.[130] He was nominated by the Constitution Party for president on April 27, 2024.[131] He said he would not accept the nomination if Stephen Broden was not nominated for vice president.[132]

2024 Constitution Party ticket
Randall Terry Stephen Broden
for President for Vice President
Activist
from Tennessee
Pastor
from Texas

American Solidarity Party

On June 2, 2023, the American Solidarity Party announced that former radio host and museum director Peter Sonski had been selected as the party's presidential nominee.[133] He was selected after winning the party's online primary.[133] Teacher and non-profit executive Lauren Onak from Massachusetts was selected as his running mate after being the only person to run for the vice presidential nomination.[134]

2024 American Solidarity Party ticket
Peter Sonski Lauren Onak
for President for Vice President
Museum director
from Connecticut
Non-profit executive
from Massachusetts

Notable Independents

Cornel West

Cornel West is a socialist activist and intellectual who announced a campaign as an independent after initially announcing a run as a People's Party and later a Green Party candidate. His running mate is Melina Abdullah, an academic and civic leader from California.

2024 independent ticket
Cornel West Melina Abdullah
for President for Vice President
Academic and activist
from California
Academic and civic leader
from California

Shiva Ayyadurai

Shiva Ayyadurai is an activist, inventor and businessman whose career focuses on biological systems and computer science. He announced his Independent campaign for president on April 19, 2023.[135][136] His running mate is Crystal Ellis, who is an entrepreneur and activist from Nebraska.

2024 independent ticket
Shiva Ayyadurai Crystal Ellis
for President for Vice President
Scientist and Activist
from Massachusetts
Entrepreneur and Activist
from Nebraska

Withdrawn candidates

The following notable individual(s) announced and then suspended their campaigns before the election:

Debates

Two presidential debates and one vice presidential debate have been scheduled.

List of 2024 United States presidential debates hosted by CNN and ABC
No. Date Time Host City Moderator(s) Participants Viewership

(millions)

P1 June 27, 2024 9:00 p.m. EDT Techwood Turner Campus, Studio D Atlanta, Georgia Jake Tapper
Dana Bash
Donald Trump (presumptive)
Joe Biden (presumptive)
51.3[139]
P2 September 10, 2024 9:00 p.m. EDT National Constitution Center Philadelphia, Pennsylvania David Muir
Linsey Davis
Donald Trump
Kamala Harris
67.1[140]
VP October 1, 2024 9:00 p.m. EDT CBS Broadcast Center New York City, New York Margaret Brennan
Norah O'Donnell
Tim Walz
JD Vance
43[141]

Opinion polling

 

 

 

  • Source of poll
    aggregation
    Dates
    administered
    Dates
    updated
    Kamala
    Harris

    Democratic
    Donald
    Trump

    Republican
    Others/
    Undecided
    [b]
    Margin
    270toWin through November 4, 2024 November 4, 2024 48.4% 47.2% 4.4% Harris +1.2%
    538 through November 3, 2024 November 4, 2024 48.0% 46.8% 5.2% Harris +1.2%
    Cook Political Report through November 4, 2024 November 4, 2024 48.7% 47.8% 3.5% Harris +0.9%
    Decision Desk HQ/The Hill through November 4, 2024 November 4, 2024 48.4% 48.3% 3.3% Harris +0.1%
    Race to the WH through November 3, 2024 November 4, 2024 49.2% 47.7% 3.1% Harris +1.5%
    Silver Bulletin through November 3, 2024 November 4, 2024 48.5% 47.7% 3.8% Harris +0.8%
    Average 48.5% 47.6% 3.9% Harris +0.9%

    Results

    Electoral results

    Results by state

    2024 United States Presidential Election Media

    Notes

    1. Archived August 23, 2023, at the Wayback Machine
    2. Calculated by taking the difference of 100% and all other candidates combined.

    References

    1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 "2024 Presidential Election Results". Associated Press. Retrieved November 10, 2024.
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