Template:Official languages of U.S. states and territories
Place | English official | Other official language(s) | Note |
---|---|---|---|
Alabama | Yes | No | since 1990[1] |
Alaska | Yes | Inupiaq, Siberian Yupik, Central Alaskan Yup'ik, Alutiiq, Unangax, Dena'ina, Deg Xinag, Holikachuk, Koyukon, Upper Kuskokwim, Gwich'in, Tanana, Upper Tanana, Tanacross, Hän, Ahtna, Eyak, Tlingit, Haida, Tsimshian[2][3] | |
Arizona | Yes | No | since 2006, 1988 law ruled unconstitutional[4] |
Arkansas | Yes | No | since 1987[1] |
California | Yes | No | since 1986 with Proposition 63[1] |
Colorado | Yes | No | since 1988[1] |
Connecticut | No | No[1] | |
Delaware | No | No[1] | |
Florida | Yes | No | since 1988[1] |
Georgia | Yes | No | since 1996[1] |
Hawaii | Yes | Hawaiian | since 1978[1] |
Idaho | Yes | No | since 2007[1] |
Illinois | Yes | No | since 1969; "American" official 1923–1969[1] |
Indiana | Yes | No | since 1984[1] |
Iowa | Yes | No | since 2002[1] |
Kansas | Yes | No | since 2007[1] |
Kentucky | Yes | No | since 1984[1] |
Louisiana | No | No | French has had special status since 1968 founding of CODOFIL.[1][5] |
Maine | No | No[1] | |
Maryland | No | No[1] | |
Massachusetts | Yes | No[1] | Since 2002, 1975 law ruled unconstitutional |
Michigan | No | No[1] | |
Minnesota | No | No[1] | |
Mississippi | Yes | No | since 1987[1] |
Missouri | Yes | No[1] | since 1998 |
Montana | Yes | No | since 1995[1] |
Nebraska | Yes | No | since 1923[1] |
Nevada | No | No[1] | |
New Hampshire | Yes | No | since 1995[1] |
New Jersey | No | No[1] | |
New Mexico | No | No | Spanish has had special status since 1912 passage of state constitution. See article |
New York | No | No[1] | |
North Carolina | Yes | No | since 1987[1] |
North Dakota | Yes | No | since 1987[1] |
Ohio | No | No[1] | |
Oklahoma | Yes | No | since 2010. Cherokee language has been official within the Cherokee and the UKB since 1991.[6] [7][8][9] |
Oregon | No | No | English Plus since 1989[1] |
Pennsylvania | No | No[1] | |
Rhode Island | No | No | English Plus since 1992[1] |
South Carolina | Yes | No | since 1987[1] |
South Dakota | Yes | Sioux | since 1995[1], since 2019 [10] |
Tennessee | Yes | No | since 1984[1] |
Texas | No | No[1] | |
Utah | Yes | No | since 2000[1] |
Vermont | No | No[1] | |
Virginia | Yes | No | since 1996[1] |
Washington | No | No | English Plus since 1989[1] |
West Virginia | Yes | No[1] | since 2016[11] |
Wisconsin | No | No[1] | |
Wyoming | Yes | No | since 1996[1] |
District of Columbia | No | No[source?] | |
American Samoa | Yes | Samoan [12] | |
Guam | Yes | Chamorro [13] | |
Northern Mariana Islands | Yes | Chamorro, Carolinian [14] | |
Puerto Rico | Yes | Spanish[15] | |
U.S. Virgin Islands | Yes | No[16] |
References
This reference list does not appear in the article.
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.34 1.35 1.36 1.37 1.38 1.39 1.40 1.41 1.42 1.43 1.44 1.45 Crawford, James (June 24, 2008). "Language Legislation in the U.S.A." languagepolicy.net. Retrieved April 27, 2011.
- ↑ "Once forbidden, Alaska's Native languages now official state languages". KTOO. October 24, 2014. Retrieved October 25, 2014.
- ↑ http://www.akleg.gov/basis/Bill/Detail/28?Root=HB%20216
- ↑ "Arizona makes English official". Washington Times. November 8, 2006. Retrieved April 28, 2011.
- ↑ Crawford, James. "Language Policy -- Louisiana". Language Legislation in the U.S.A. Retrieved 2016-10-10.
- ↑ "Keetoowah Cherokee is the Official Language of the UKB" (PDF). keetoowahcherokee.org/. Keetoowah Cherokee News: Official Publication of the United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians in Oklahoma. April 2009. Retrieved 1 June 2014.
- ↑ "UKB Constitution and By-Laws in the Keetoowah Cherokee Language (PDF)" (PDF). www.keetoowahcherokee.org/. United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
- ↑ "The Cherokee Nation & its Language" (PDF). University of Minnesota: Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition. 2008. Retrieved 2014-05-22.
- ↑ Slipke, Darla (November 3, 2010). "Oklahoma elections: Republican-backed measures win approval". NewsOK. The Oklahoman. Retrieved April 28, 2011.
- ↑ http://sdlegislature.gov/docs/legsession/2019/Amendments/amd126ca.html. South Dakota Legislature.
{{cite book}}
:|chapter-url=
missing title (help) - ↑ "U.S. English Efforts Lead West Virginia to Become 32nd State to Recognize English as Official Language". U.S. English. March 5, 2016. Retrieved March 22, 2016.
- ↑ "Samoa now an official language of instruction in American Samoa". Radio New Zealand International. 2008-10-03. Retrieved 2011-04-28.
- ↑ "Guam". Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2018-10-24. Retrieved 2018-10-25.
- ↑ "Northern Mariana Islands". Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2018-10-19. Retrieved 2018-10-25.
- ↑ Crawford, James. "Puerto Rico and Official English". languagepolicy.net. Retrieved April 27, 2011.
- ↑ "Frequently Asked Questions". visitusvi.com. United States Virgin Islands. Retrieved April 27, 2011.