List of U.S. state capitals

This is a list of United States state capital cities. Each has a capital building that acts as the center of government for its state. The capital city with the fewest people is Montpelier, Vermont, while the capital city with the most people is Phoenix, Arizona.

States (purple) whose capital is also that state's largest city by population (2016 estimate).

The dates listed in the following table indicate the years it has continuously served as the state's sole capital. Most states have changed their capital city at least once. In the case of the thirteen bottom states, "statehood" in the table refers to its date of ratification of the United States Constitution.

State capitals of the United States

State	Abr.	State-hood	Capital	Capital since	Area (mi²)	Population (2018)				Notes
						City	Metropolitan	Rank in state	Rank in US
Alabama	AL	1819	Montgomery	1846	159.8	198,218	373,903	2	119
Alaska	AK	1959	Juneau	1906	2716.7	31,275		2		Largest capital by municipal land area.
Arizona	AZ	1912	Phoenix	1889	517.6	1,660,272	4,857,962	1	5	Largest capital by population.
Arkansas	AR	1836	Little Rock	1821	116.2	193,524	699,757	1	117
California	CA	1850	Sacramento	1854	97.9	508,529	2,345,210	6	35
Colorado	CO	1876	Denver	1867	153.3	716,492	2,932,415	1	19
Connecticut	CT	1788	Hartford	1875	17.3	124,775	1,212,381	3	199
Delaware	DE	1787	Dover	1777	22.4	36,047	162,310	2		Longest-serving capital in terms of statehood.
Florida	FL	1845	Tallahassee	1824	95.7	181,376	367,413	7	125
Georgia	GA	1788	Atlanta	1868	133.5	498,044	5,949,951	1	37	Largest capital by metropolitan area population.
Hawaii	HI	1959	Honolulu	1845	68.4	359,870	953,207	1	56
Idaho	ID	1890	Boise	1865	63.8	205,671	616,561	1	103
Illinois	IL	1818	Springfield	1837	54.0	116,250	210,170	6	221
Indiana	IN	1816	Indianapolis	1825	361.5	867,125	2,004,230	1	16
Iowa	IA	1846	Des Moines	1857	75.8	203,433	569,633	1	105
Kansas	KS	1861	Topeka	1856	56.0	127,473	230,870	4	193
Kentucky	KY	1792	Frankfort	1792	14.7	25,527	70,758	14
Louisiana	LA	1812	Baton Rouge	1880	76.8	225,374	830,480	2	99
Maine	ME	1820	Augusta	1832	55.4	19,136	117,114	8
Maryland	MD	1788	Annapolis	1694	6.73	38,394		7		Smallest capital by land area.
Massachusetts	MA	1788	Boston	1630	89.6	694,583	4,628,910	1	21	Longest continuously serving capital.
Michigan	MI	1837	Lansing	1847	35.0	114,297	464,036	5	226
Minnesota	MN	1858	Saint Paul	1849	52.8	285,068	3,348,659	2	67
Mississippi	MS	1817	Jackson	1821	104.9	173,514	567,122	1	134
Missouri	MO	1821	Jefferson City	1826	27.3	43,079	149,807	15
Montana	MT	1889	Helena	1875	14.0	28,190	74,801	6
Nebraska	NE	1867	Lincoln	1867	74.6	258,379	302,157	2	72
Nevada	NV	1864	Carson City	1861	143.4	55,274		6
New Hampshire	NH	1788	Concord	1808	64.3	42,695	146,445	3
New Jersey	NJ	1787	Trenton	1784	7.66	84,913	366,513	10
New Mexico	NM	1912	Santa Fe	1610	37.3	75,764	183,732	4		Longest-serving capital.
New York	NY	1788	Albany	1797	21.4	97,856	857,592	6
North Carolina	NC	1789	Raleigh	1792	114.6	403,892	1,130,490	2	43
North Dakota	ND	1889	Bismarck	1883	26.9	61,272	108,779	2
Ohio	OH	1803	Columbus	1816	210.3	892,553	2,078,725	1	14
Oklahoma	OK	1907	Oklahoma City	1910	620.3	649,021	1,396,445	1	27	Shortest-serving current state capital.
Oregon	OR	1859	Salem	1855	45.7	154,637	390,738	3	149
Pennsylvania	PA	1787	Harrisburg	1812	8.11	49,528	647,390	9
Rhode Island	RI	1790	Providence	1900	18.5	178,042	1,600,852	1	130
South Carolina	SC	1788	Columbia	1786	125.2	129,272	767,598	2	191
South Dakota	SD	1889	Pierre	1889	13.0	13,646		8
Tennessee	TN	1796	Nashville	1826	525.9	691,243	1,903,045	1	24
Texas	TX	1845	Austin	1839	305.1	964,254	2,168,316	4	11	Largest capital by population to not be the most populated city in its state.
Utah	UT	1896	Salt Lake City	1858	109.1	186,440	1,087,873	1	124
Vermont	VT	1791	Montpelier	1805	10.2	7,855		6		Smallest capital by population.
Virginia	VA	1788	Richmond	1780	60.1	204,214	1,208,101	4	104
Washington	WA	1889	Olympia	1853	16.7	46,478	234,670	24
West Virginia	WV	1863	Charleston	1885	31.6	51,400	304,214	1		Smallest capital by population to also be the most populated city in its state.
Wisconsin	WI	1848	Madison	1838	68.7	233,209	605,435	2	82
Wyoming	WY	1890	Cheyenne	1869	21.1	59,466	91,738	1

List Of U.S. State Capitals Media

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  States (highlighted in blue) that have changed their capital city at least once

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  The Second Continental Congress and the Congress of the Confederation met at Independence Hall at various times between 1775 and 1782, and the U.S. Congress met at the adjacent Congress Hall in the 1790s.

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  Federal Hall memorial in New York City: in an earlier building on this site, the United States Congress convened for the first time under the United States Constitution in 1789 and George Washington was sworn in as the first president

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  The west front of the current United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.

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  Honolulu twice served as the national capital of Hawaii and is now the state capital.

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  The Navajo Nation Council Chamber in Window Rock, Arizona is the center of government for the Navajo Nation

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  The New Echota Council House (since reconstructed)

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  Stadt Huys, the original city hall of Albany, New York and meeting place of the Albany Congress in 1754.

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  The original of Todd's Bear Flag, photographed in 1890