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List of countries in the 1910s

This is a list of countries in the 1910s, giving an overview of states around the world during the period between 1 January 1910 and 31 December 1919. It contains entries, arranged alphabetically, with information on the status and recognition of their sovereignty. It includes widely recognized sovereign states, and entities which were de facto sovereign but which were not widely recognized by other states.

Sovereign states

Name and capital city Information on status and recognition of sovereignty

A

 Afghanistan – Emirate of Afghanistan
Capital: Kabul 		Widely recognized independent state from August 8, 1919.[1]
Flag of Albanian Provisional Government (1912-1914).svg → Albania (from November 28, 1912) Limited sovereignty for occupatio bellica by the Balkan League states. Recognized independent state de facto from July 29, 1913.[2][3]
Flag of Andorra (end of the 19th century-c. 1930s).svg Andorra – Principality of Andorra
Capital: Andorra La Vella 		Widely recognized independent state.[4]
 Argentina – Argentine Republic
Capital: Buenos Aires 		Widely recognized independent state
Flag of Armenia (1918–1922).svg Armenia – Republic of Armenia (from May 28, 1918)
Capital: Yerevan 		Widely recognized state.
Flag of the Idrisid Emirate of Asir (1909-1930).svg Asir – Idrisid Emirate of Asir (from August 3, 1917)
Capital: Sabya 		Widely recognized independent state
 Australia – Commonwealth of Australia
Capital: Canberra 		Widely recognized independent state. Australia is autonomous but still dependent from the United Kingdom. Australia had two external territories:
Austria Austria (from November 12, 1918)
Capital: Vienna 		Widely recognized independent state.
 Austria-Hungary – Austro-Hungarian Empire (to October 31, 1918)[5]
Capital: Vienna and Budapest 		Widely recognized independent state. Austria-Hungary had one concession:
Flag of Azerbaijan 1918.svg Azerbaijan – Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (from May 28, 1918)[6]
Capital: Ganja and Baku 		Widely recognized state.

B

 Belgium – Kingdom of Belgium
Capital: Brussels 		Widely recognized state. Belgium had one colony and one concession:
 Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan (to January 8, 1910)
Capital: Thimphu 		Widely recognized state.
 Bolivia – Republic of Bolivia
Capital: Sucre 		Widely recognized state.
Brazil Brazil – Republic of the United States of Brazil
Capital: Rio de Janeiro 		Widely recognized state. Brazil was a federation of 20 states, one territory, and one federal district.[a]
 Bulgaria – Kingdom of Bulgaria
Capital: Sofia 		Widely recognized state.

C

 Canada – Dominion of Canada
Capital: Ottawa 		Widely recognized state. Canada is autonomous but still dependent from the United Kingdom.
 Chile – Republic of Chile
Capital: Santiago 		Widely recognized state.
Flag of China (1889–1912).svg → Flag of China (1912–1928).svg → Flag of the Empire of China (1915–1916).svg → Flag of China (1912–1928).svg China
Capital: Peking 		Widely recognized state.
 Colombia – Republic of Colombia
Capital: Bogotá 		Widely recognized state.
Flag of Costa Rica.svg Costa Rica– First Republic of Costa Rica
Capital: San José 		Widely recognized state.
Template:Country data Cretan State – Cretan State (de jure to December 1, 1913)
Capital: Chania 		Autonomous state of the Ottoman Empire; de jure until December 1, 1913.
Template:Country data Republic of Cuba (1902–1959) – Republic of Cuba
Capital: Havana 		Widely recognized state.
Flag of Bohemia.svg Czechoslovakia – Czechoslovak Republic (from October 28, 1918)
Capital: Prague

D

 Denmark – Kingdom of Denmark
Capital: Copenhagen 		Widely recognized state. Denmark had two colonies and one dependency:
 Dominican Republic – Dominican Republic
Capital: Santo Domingo 		Widely recognized state.

E

 Ecuador – Republic of Ecuador
Capital: Quito 		Widely recognized state.
Flag of El Salvador (1875–1912).svg → El Salvador – Republic of El Salvador
Capital: San Salvador 		Widely recognized state.
Flag of Estonia (WFB 2004).gif Flag of the Commune of the Working People of Estonia.svg Estonia Widely recognized state.
 Ethiopia – Ethiopian Empire
Capital: Addis Ababa 		Widely recognized state.

F

Flag of Finland 1918 (state).svg → & Socialist red flag.svg Finland
Capital: Helsinki
France – French Republic
Capital: Paris 		Widely recognized state. The following are colonies, concessions and protectorates of France:

G

Flag of Georgia (1918–1921, 1-2).svg Georgia – Democratic Republic of Georgia (from May 26, 1918)
Capital: Tiflis 		Widely recognized state. Immediately recognized by Germany and the Ottoman Empire.
→ Template:Flags Germany – German Realm
Capital: Berlin 		Widely recognized state. The following are colonies, concessions and protectorates of Germany:
 Greece – Kingdom of Greece
Capital: Athens 		Widely recognized state.
 Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala
Capital: Guatemala City 		Widely recognized state.

H

Flag of the Emirate of Ha'il.svg Ha'il – Emirate of Jabal Shammar
Capital: Ha'il 		Widely recognized state.
 Haiti – Republic of Haiti
Capital: Port-au-Prince 		Widely recognized state.
Red flag.svg → Flag of Hejaz (1917).svg Hejaz – Hashemite Kingdom of Hejaz (from June 10, 1916)
Capital: Mecca 		Widely recognized state.
Flag of Honduras (1866-1898).svg Honduras – Republic of Honduras
Capital: Tegucicalpa 		Widely recognized state.
Flag of Hungary (1918–1919).svg → Flag of Hungary (1919).svg → Flag of Hungary (1918–1919).svg → Flag of Hungary (1915-1918, 1919-1946).svg Hungary
Capital: Budapest 		Unrecognized state from August 1 to 8, 1919.

I

Flag of Iceland (1918–1944).svg Iceland – Kingdom of Iceland (from December 1, 1918)
Capital: Reykjavík 		Widely recognized independent state. Still dependent from Denmark.
 Italy – Kingdom of Italy
Capital: Rome 		Widely recognized state. Italy had four colonies and one concession:

J

 Japan – Empire of Japan
Capital: Tokyo City 		Widely recognized state. Japan had three dependencies and two concessions:

Japan administered one League of Nations mandate:

K

Flag of Korea (1899).svg → Flag of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea.svg Korea (to August 29, 1910, from April 11, 1919)
Capital: Hanseong 		Widely recognized state. Annexed by Japan from August 29, 1910 to April 11, 1919.

L

& Template:Country data Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic Latvia (disputed between two governments) Widely recognized state.
 Liberia – Republic of Liberia
Capital: Monrovia 		Widely recognized state.
 Liechtenstein – Principality of Liechtenstein
Capital: Vaduz 		Widely recognized state.
Flag of Lithuania.svg → Flag of the Lithuanian-Byelorussian SSR.svg & Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania
Capital: Vilnius 		Widely recognized state.
 Luxembourg – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
Capital: Luxembourg City 		Widely recognized state. Limited sovereignty for occupatio bellica.

M

 Mexico – United Mexican States
Capital: Mexico City
    • Porfiriato (to May 25, 1911)
    • United Mexican States (from February 5, 1917)
 Widely recognized state. Mexico had one territory:
 Monaco – Principality of Monaco
Capital: Monaco 		Widely recognized state.
Flag of Mongolia (1911—1921).svg Mongolia - Great Mongolian State[8] (from December 29, 1911)
Capital: Niislel Khuree 		Widely recognized state. Still dependent from China.
→ Flag of Montenegro (1905–1918).svg Montenegro
Capital: Cetinje 		Widely recognized state. Limited sovereignty for occupatio bellica to December 1, 1918.
 Morocco – Sultanate of Morocco (to March 30, 1912)
Capital: Fes 		De jure sovereign state under French and Spanish protectorate from 1912.[9][10]
Flag of the Mountain Republic.svg Mountain Republic - Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus (from March 6, 1917)
Capital: Temir-Khan-Shura 		Widely recognized state.

N

Flag of the Emirate of Riyadh (1902-1913).svg → Flag of the Emirate of Nejd and Hasa.svg Riyadh / Nejd
Capital: Riyadh 		Widely recognized state.
Flag of Nepal (1743–1962).svg Nepal – Kingdom of Nepal
Capital: Katmandu 		Widely recognized state.
 Netherlands – Kingdom of the Netherlands
Capital: Amsterdam 		Widely recognized state. The Netherlands had two colonies and one possession:
 Newfoundland – Dominion of Newfoundland
Capital: St. John's 		Widely recognized state. Newfoundland is autonomous but still dependent from the United Kingdom.
New Zealand New Zealand – Dominion of New Zealand
Capital: Wellington 		Widely recognized state. New Zealand is autonomous but still dependent from the United Kingdom. The following are territories of New Zealand:
 Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua
Capital: Managua 		Widely recognized state.
 Norway – Kingdom of Norway
Capital: Oslo 		Widely recognized state. Norway had three possessions:

O

 Ottoman Empire – Sublime Ottoman State
Capital: Constantinople 		Widely recognized state. Ottoman Empire had one protectorate:
 Wadai – Sultanate of Wadai (to 1912)
Capital: Abeche 		Widely recognized state.

P

 Panama – Republic of Panama
Capital: Panama City 		Widely recognized state.
 Paraguay – Republic of Paraguay
Capital: Asuncion 		Widely recognized state.
State flag of Persia (1907–1933).svg Persia – Persian Empire
Capital: Tehran 		Widely recognized state.
 Peru – Peruvian Republic
Capital: Lima 		Widely recognized independent state.
Flag of Poland (1919–1928).svg Poland
Capital: Warsaw 		Client / Puppet state of Germany until November 11, 1918. Widely recognized independent state from November 11, 1918.
Portugal →  Portugal
Capital: Lisbon 		Widely recognized independent state. The following are colonies, vassals and possessions of Portugal:

R

 Romania – Kingdom of Romania
Capital: Bucharest 		Widely recognized state.
→ → Flag of Russia (1918).svg → Template:Country data Soviet Russia Russia
Capital: Saint-Petersburg 		Widely recognized state. Russia had two protectorates, one concession and one autonomous grand duchy:

S

 San Marino – Most Serene Republic of San Marino
Capital: San Marino 		Widely recognized state.
Flag of Serbia (1882–1918).svg → Flag of Yugoslavia (1918–1941).svg Serbia / Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
Capital: Belgrade 		Widely recognized state. Limited sovereignty for occupatio bellica to December 1, 1918.
→ Thailand → Flag of Thailand (TIS 982 draft standard).svg Siam – Kingdom of Siam (to December 1, 1918)
Capital: Bangkok 		Widely recognized state.
→  South Africa – Union of South Africa (from May 31, 1910)
Capital: Pretoria 		Widely recognized independent state. South Africa is autonomous but still dependent from the United Kingdom.
Spain Spain – Kingdom of Spain
Capital: Madrid 		Widely recognized state. Spain had three possessions and three colonies:
Late 19th Century Flag of Sulu.svg Sulu – Sultanate of Sulu (to 1915)
Capital: Jolo 		Widely recognized state.
 Sweden – Kingdom of Sweden
Capital: Stockholm 		Widely recognized state.
 Switzerland – Swiss Confederation
Capital: Bern 		Widely recognized state.

T

Flag of Tibet.svg Tibet (from 1912)
Capital: Lhasa 		De facto independent state. Claimed by the Republic of China.
Flag of the Transcaucasian Federation.svg Transcaucasia – Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic (from February 22 to May 28, 1918)
Capital: Tiflis 		Widely recognized independent state.

U

 United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
Capital: London 		Widely recognized state. The following are colonies, territories, dependencies and protectorates of the United Kingdom: 
(Protectorate)
→  United States – United States of America
Capital: Washington, D.C. 		Widely recognized state. The following are territories of the United States of America:
Flag of Upper Asir.svg Upper Asir - Sheikdom of Upper Asir (from August 1916)
Capital: Abha 		Widely recognized state.
 Uruguay – Eastern Republic of Uruguay
Capital: Montevideo 		Widely recognized state.

V

 Venezuela – United States of Venezuela
Capital: Caracas 		Widely recognized state.

Y

Flag of Yemen 1918.svg Yemen – Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen (from October 30, 1918)
Capital: Sana`a 		Widely recognized independent state.[11][12]

Non-sovereign territories

United Kingdom

Under provisional government

  • Flag of the Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus.svg Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus
    • self declared independence (from February 28, 1914)
    • recognized autonomous inside the Principality of Albania (from March 17, 1914 to October 27, 1914)

States claiming sovereignty

Flag of the Alash Autonomy.svg Alash – Alash Autonomy (from December 13, 1917)
Capital: Alash-Qala 		Unrecognized state from 1917.[13]
Flag of the Republic of Alsace-Lorraine.svg Alsace-Lorraine – Alsace-Lorraine Soviet Republic (from November 10 to 22, 1918)
Capital: Straßburg 		Unrecognized Soviet republic.
Flag of the Republic of Aras.svg Aras – Republic of Aras (from December 1918 to June 1919)
Capital: Nakhchivan (city) 		Unrecognized state.
Socialist red flag.svg Banat Republic – Banat Republic (from October 31, 1918 to February 20, 1919)
Capital: Timișoara 		Unrecognized state. Client state of the Hungarian Republic to 1918. Client state of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes from 1918 to 1919.
Flag of Bavaria (striped).svg → Socialist red flag.svg Bavaria
Capital: Munich 		Unrecognized socialist state.
Flag of Belarus (1918, 1991–1995).svg → Socialist red flag.svg Belarus Partially-recognized state from 1918 to 1919. Puppet/Buffer State of Soviet Russia from January 1, 1919.
Template:Flags Bottleneck – Free State Bottleneck (from January 10, 1919)
Capital: Lorch, Hesse 		Unoccupied territory within post-World War I Germany.
Socialist red flag.svg Bremen – Bremen Soviet Republic (from January 10 to February 4, 1919)
Capital: Bremen 		Unrecognized state.
Essad Pasha's flag.svg Central Albania – Republic of Central Albania (from October 16, 1913 to March 7, 1914)
Capital: Durrës 		Former unrecognized state.
Flag of the Centrocaspian Dictatorship.svg Centrocaspian Dictatorship – Centro-Caspian Dictatorship (from August 1 to September 15, 1918)
Capital: Baku 		Unrecognized state.
Flag of Courland (state).svg Courland and Semigallia – Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (from March 8 to September 22, 1918)
Capital: Riga 		Client state of Germany.
Flag of Crimean People's Republic 1917.svg → Red flag.svg Crimea
Capital: Bakhchysarai 		Self-proclaimed autonomy of the Russian Democratic Federative Republic.
Flag of Don Cossacks.svg Don – Don Republic (from May 18, 1918)
Capital: Novocherkassk 		Unrecognized state.
Red flag.svg Donbas and Kryvbas – Donets-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic (from February 12 to March 20, 1918)
Capital: Kharkiv 		Unrecognized, self-declared state.
Flag of Ukraine.svg Hutsul Republic (from January 8 to June 11, 1919)
Capital: Yasinia 		Unrecognized state.
Flag of the Free State of Ikaria.svg Icaria – Free State of Icaria (from July 18 to November 1912)
Capital: Icaria 		Unrecognized state.
Flag of Idel-Ural State.svg Idel-Ural – Idel-Ural State (from March 1, 1918 to April 1918)
Capital: Ufa 		Semi-Independent state.
Ireland – Irish Republic (from January 21, 1919)
Capital: Dublin 		Revolutionary state.
Flag of the South West Caucasian Republic.svg Kars Republic – Provisional National Government of the Southwestern Caucasus (from December 1, 1918 to April 1919)
Capital: Kars 		Nominally-independent provisional government.
Flag of the Khanate of Khiva.svg Khiva – Khanate of Khiva
Capital: Khiva 		Semi-independent state. Under Russian Protection.
Flag of Ukraine.svg Komancza – Komancza Republic (from November 4, 1918 to January 24, 1919)
Capital: Komańcza 		Microstate.
Template:Country data Kuban – Kuban People's Republic (from January 28, 1918)
Capital: Yekaterinodar 		Unrecognized state.
Прапор Лемко-Русинської Республіки.svg Lemko Republic – Lemko-Rusyn People's Republic (from December 5, 1918)
Capital: Florynka 		Unrecognized state from December 5, 1918.[14]
Flag of the Lithuanian-Byelorussian SSR.svg Lithuania-Byelorussia – Lithuanian-Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (from February 17 to July 17, 1919)
Capital: Vilnius, Minsk, and Smolensk 		Soviet puppet state from February 17 to July 17, 1919.
Flag of Ingrian people.svg North Ingria – Republic of North Ingria (from January 23, 1919)
Capital: Kirjasalo 		Unrecognized state.
Red flag.svg Odessa – Odessa Soviet Republic (from January 17 to March 13, 1918)
Capital: Odessa 		Puppet state of Soviet Russia.
Flag of the Republic of Perloja.svg Perloja – Republic of Perloja (from November 1918) Unrecognized state.
Socialist red flag.svg Saxony – Soviet Republic of Saxony (from November 13, 1918 to March 14, 1919)
Capital: Dresden 		Unrecognized state.
Socialist red flag.svg Slovakia – Slovak Soviet Republic (from June 16 to July 7, 1919)
Capital: Prešov 		Puppet state of the Hungarian Soviet Republic.
Flag of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs.svg Slovenes, Croats and Serbs – State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs (from October 29 to December 1, 1918)
Capital: Zagreb 		Unrecognized provisional government.
Flag of Kingdom of Syria (1920-03-08 to 1920-07-24).svg Syria – Arab Kingdom of Syria (from November 26, 1919)
Capital: Damascus 		De facto independent state not recognized by any other state.[15]
POL Tarnobrzeg flag.svg Tarnobrzeg – Republic of Tarnobrzeg (from November 6, 1918, to spring 1919)
Capital: Tarnobrzeg 		Unrecognized state.
Template:Country data South African Republic Transvaal – South African Republic (from September 1914 to February 1915)
Flag of the Tripolitanian Republic (Fictional).svg Tripolitania – Tripolitanian Republic (from November 16, 1918)
Capital: ‘Aziziya 		Unrecognized state.
Karelian National Flag.svg Uhtua – Republic of Uhtua (from June 21, 1918)
Capital: Uhtua 		Unrecognized state.
Flag of Ukraine (1917–1921).svg Ukraine (separated into several governments)
United Baltic Duchy flag.svg United Baltic Duchy (from September 22 to November 28, 1918)
Capital: Riga
Flag of TRWT.svg Western Thrace – Independent Government of Western Thrace (from August 31 to October 25, 1913)
Capital: Komotini 		Unrecognized state.

Socialist red flag.svg Würzburg – Würzburg Soviet Republic (from April 7 to 9, 1919)
Capital: Würzburg

Flag of Poland (1919–1928).svg Zakopane – Republic of Zakopane (from October 13 to November 16, 1918)
Capital: Zakopane

Notes

  1. ↑ 20 States: Alagoas, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceará, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Pará, Paraíba, Paraná, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, São Paulo, Sergipe. 1 Territory: Acre. 1 Federal District: Federal District.

References

  1. ↑ "Anglo-Afghan Wars". www.britannica.com.
  2. ↑ "Albania — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. July 2022.
  3. ↑ "1912 | the Declaration of Albanian Independence".
  4. ↑ "Andorra", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2021-10-06, retrieved 2021-10-20
  5. ↑ "World War I - The collapse of Austria-Hungary". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved October 21, 2021.
  6. ↑ "Azerbaijan— The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. July 2022.
  7. ↑ "Estonian Declaration of Independence, 24 February 1918". 2009-05-22. Archived from the original on 2009-05-22. Retrieved 2021-10-20.
  8. ↑ "Mongolia". July 2022.
  9. ↑ International Law: Achievements and Prospects at Google Books
  10. ↑ Repertory of Decisions of the International Court of Justice (1947–1992) at Google Books
  11. ↑ "Kingdom of Yemen (1918-1962)". www.fotw.info. Retrieved 2021-10-20.
  12. ↑ "Yemen", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2021-10-06, retrieved 2021-10-20
  13. ↑ Ubiria, Grigol (16 September 2015). Soviet Nation-Building in Central Asia:The Making of the Kazakh and Uzbek Nations. Routledge. p. 242. ISBN 9781317504351. Retrieved 30 June 2021.
  14. ↑ "Lemko Republic of Florynka/Ruska narodna respublika Lemkiv". World Academy of Rusyn Culture. Archived from the original on 2010-06-14. Retrieved 30 June 2021.
  15. ↑ Tauber, Eliezer (13 September 2013). The Formation of Modern Iraq and Syria. Routledge. pp. 30–. ISBN 978-1-135-20118-0.
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