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September 15
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September 15 is the 258th day of the year (259th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 107 days remaining until the end of the year.
Contents
Events
Up to 1900
- 668 – Eastern Roman Emperor Constans II is murdered in his bath.
- 1440 – Gilles de Rais, one of the earliest-known serial killers, is taken into custody upon an accusation brought against him by the Bishop of Nantes.
- 1616 – The first non-aristocratic free public school in Europe is opened in Frascati, Italy.
- 1762 – Seven Years' War: Battle of Signal Hill.
- 1776 – American Revolutionary War: British forces land at Kip's Bay, during the New York Campaign.
- 1789 – The United States Department of State is founded, as the Department of Foreign Affairs.
- 1812 – The French army under Napoleon Bonaparte enters Moscow.
- 1812 – War of 1812: A second supply train sent to relieve Fort Harrison is ambushed in the Attack of the Narrows.
- 1820 – Constitutionalist Revolution in Lisbon
- 1821 – Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica jointly declare independence from Spain.
- 1830 – The Liverpool to Manchester railway line opens. On the same day, William Huskisson becomes the first railway fatality after being hit by a locomotive.
- 1835 – The HMS Beagle arrives in the Galapagos Islands with a young Charles Darwin on board.
- 1851 – Saint Joseph's University is founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- 1862 – American Civil War: Confederate forces capture Harper's Ferry, then in Virginia, now in West Virginia.
- 1873 – Franco-Prussian War: The last German troops leave France.
- 1875 – Indianola, Texas, is destroyed by a Hurricane, killing between 150 and 300 people.
- 1894 – First Sino-Japanese War: Japan defeats China in the Battle of Pyongyang.
1901 – 2000
- 1916 – World War I: Tanks are used in battle for the first time, in the Somme, northern France.
- 1935 – With the Nuremberg Laws, the Nazis strip Jews of German citizenship.
- 1935 – The Nazis adopt the Swastika flag as the flag of Germany.
- 1940 – World War II: Climax of the Battle of Britain.
- 1942 – World War II: United States Navy aircraft carrier USS Wasp is torpedoed at Guadalcanal, present-day Solomon Islands.
- 1944 – World War II: The Battle of Peleliu (in Palau), between US and Japanese forces, begins.
- 1944 – World War II: Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt meet in Quebec as part of the Octagon conference to discuss strategy.
- 1945 – A hurricane in South Florida and the Bahamas destroys 366 planes and 25 blimps at NAS Richmond
- 1947 – Typhoon Kathleen kills 1,077 people in the Kanto region of Japan.
- 1948 – The F-86 Sabre sets the world aircraft speed record, at 671 miles per hour (1,080 kilometres per hour).
- 1949 – Konrad Adenauer becomes the first Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany.
- 1950 – Korean War: US forces land at Inchon.
- 1952 – The UN gives Eritrea to Ethiopia.
- 1958 – A Central Railroad of New Jersey commuter train runs through an open drawbridge at the Newark Bay, killing 58 people.
- 1959 – Nikita Khrushchev becomes the first Soviet leader to visit the US.
- 1961 – Hurricane Carla hits Texas.
- 1962 – Soviet ship Poltava heads towards Cuba, one of the events that lead to the Cuban Missile Crisis.
- 1963 – "Birmingham Sunday" when a bomb killed 4 black girls in a church in Birmingham, Alabama.
- 1966 – US President Lyndon B. Johnson, responding to a sniper attack at the University of Texas at Austin, writes a letter to United States Congress urging the enactment of gun control legislation.
- 1968 – The Soviet Zond 5 spaceship is launched, becoming the first spacecraft to fly around the Moon and re-enter Earth's atmosphere.
- 1969 – US ice breaker tanker SS Manhattan passes through the Northwest Passage, after four weeks.
- 1972 – Scandinavian Airlines System domestic flight from Gothenburg to Stockholm, Sweden, is hijacked and flown to Malmo Bulltofta Airport.
- 1973 – Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden becomes King.
- 1975 – The French department of Corse, on the island of Corsica, is divided in two, into Haute-Corse and Corse-du-Sud.
- 1981 – Vanuatu joins the UN.
- 1981 – The Senate Judiciary Committee approves Sandra Day O'Connor to become a Justice on the United States Supreme Court, being the first female in such a role.
- 1983 – Prime Minister of Israel Menachem Begin resigns.
- 1990 – France announces it will send 4,000 troops to the Persian Gulf.
- 1991 – Bangladesh becomes a parliamentary democracy.
- 1993 – Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein disbands his country's parliament.
- 1994 – For the first time, a planet outside the Solar System is discovered.
- 1997 – New York City's Museum of Jewish Heritage opens.
- 2000 – The 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney begin.
From 2001
- 2007 – Former world Rally champion Colin McRae dies in a helicopter crash in Lanarkshire, Scotland, along with his son and two family friends.
- 2008 – Lehman Brothers files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
- 2011 – A parliamentary election is held in Denmark, resulting in Helle Thorning-Schmidt becoming Prime Minister on October 3.
Births
Up to 1800
- 1254 – Marco Polo, Italian explorer (d. 1324)
- 1533 – Catherine of Austria, Queen Consort of Poland and Lithuania (d. 1572)
- 1580 – Charles Annibal Fabrot, French lawyer (d. 1659)
- 1613 – Francois de la Rochefoucauld, French author (d. 1680)
- 1666 – Sophia Dorothea of Celle, German princess (d. 1726)
- 1675 – Vakhtang VI of Kartli, Georgian King (d. 1737)
- 1676 – Stanislaw Poniatowski, Polish politician (d. 1762)
- 1690 – Ignazio Prota, Italian composer and music educator (d. 1748)
- 1715 – Jean-Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval, French general and engineer (d. 1789)
- 1736 – Jean-Silvain Bailly, French politician and astronomer (d. 1793)
- 1756 – Carl Philipp Moritz, German writer (d. 1793)
- 1760 – Bogislav Friedrich Emanuel von Tauentzien, Prussian general (d. 1824)
- 1761 – Cornelio Saavedra, Argentine politician (d. 1829)
- 1765 – Bocage, Portuguese poet (d. 1805)
- 1787 – Guillaume-Henri Dufour, Swiss humanist, general, politician, mapmaker and engineer (d. 1875)
- 1789 – James Fenimore Cooper, American writer (d. 1851)
- 1800 – Paul-Frederick, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (d. 1842)
1801 – 1900
- 1808 – John Hutton Balfour, Scottish botanist (d. 1884)
- 1811 – Charles de Mornay, French politician (d. 1865)
- 1825 – Iwakura Tomomi, Japanese statesman (d. 1883)
- 1828 – Alexander Butlerov, Russian chemist (d. 1886)
- 1830 – Porfirio Diaz, President of Mexico (d. 1915)
- 1834 – Heinrich von Treitschke, German historian and publicist (d. 1896)
- 1852 – Edward Bouchet, American physicist (d. 1918)
- 1857 – William Howard Taft, 27th President of the United States (d. 1930)
- 1858 – Charles de Foucauld, French monk (d. 1916)
- 1860 – Visvesvaraya, Indian engineer, scholar and politician (d. 1962)
- 1863 – Horatio Parker, American composer (d. 1919)
- 1875 – Henry D. Hatfield, American politician, 14th Governor of West Virginia (d. 1962)
- 1876 – Bruno Walter, German conductor (d. 1962)
- 1876 – Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay, Bengali writer (d. 1938)
- 1877 – Jakob Ehrlich, Austrian politician and Zionist (d. 1938)
- 1879 – Joseph Lyons, 10th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1939)
- 1881 – Ettore Bugatti, Italian automobile engineer and designer (d. 1947)
- 1883 – Esteban Teradas i Illa, Spanish mathematician and engineer (d. 1950)
- 1887 – Carlos Davila, President of Chile (d. 1955)
- 1888 – Antonio Ascari, Italian racing driver (d. 1925)
- 1889 – Robert Benchley, American writer (d. 1945)
- 1890 – Agatha Christie, English writer (d. 1976)
- 1894 – Jean Renoir, French movie director (d. 1979)
- 1895 – Magda Lupescu, consort of King Carol II of Romania (d. 1977)
1901 – 1925
- 1903 – Roy Acuff, American Country musician (d. 1992)
- 1904 – King Umberto II of Italy (d. 1983)
- 1905 – Pat O'Callaghan, Irish hammer thrower (d. 1991)
- 1907 – Alfred Delp, German Jesuit and Resistance activist (d. 1945)
- 1907 – Fay Wray, Canadian-American actress (d. 2004)
- 1908 – Misko Kranjec, Slovenian writer (d. 1983)
- 1911 – Karsten Solheim, Norwegian-American golf entrepreneur (d. 2000)
- 1911 – Luther Terry, 9th Surgeon General of the United States (d. 1985)
- 1913 – John N. Mitchell, United States Attorney General (d. 1988)
- 1914 – Adolfo Bioy Casares, Argentine writer (d. 1999)
- 1914 – Jens Otto Krag, Prime Minister of Denmark (d. 1978)
- 1915 – Helmut Schoen, German footballer and manager (d. 1996)
- 1916 – Margaret Lockwood, English actress (d. 1990)
- 1919 – Nelson Gidding, American screenwriter (d. 2004)
- 1919 – Fausto Coppi, Italian cyclist (d. 1960)
- 1922 – Jackie Cooper, American actor (d. 2011)
- 1922 – Bob Anderson, British fencer and sword fight choreographer (d. 2012)
- 1922 – Mary Soames, Baroness Soames, daughter of Winston Churchill (d. 2014)
- 1924 – Gyorgy Lazar, 50th Prime Minister of Hungary
- 1925 – Carlo Rambaldi, Italian special effects artist (d. 2012)
- 1925 – Helle Virkner, Danish actress (d. 2009)
1926 – 1950
- 1926 – Jean-Pierre Serre, French mathematician
- 1926 – Shohei Imamura, Japanese movie director (d. 2006)
- 1926 – Ed Derwinski, American politician (d. 2012)
- 1927 – Norm Crosby, American comedian and actor
- 1928 – Cannonball Adderley, American jazz musician (d. 1975)
- 1929 – Murray Gell-Mann, American physicist
- 1929 – Eva Burrows, 13th General of the Salvation Army
- 1933 – Henry Darrow, American actor
- 1933 – Rafael Fruehbeck de Burgos, Spanish composer and conductor (d. 2014)
- 1935 – Patriarch Dinkha IV of the Assyrian Church of the East
- 1936 – Ashley Cooper, Australian tennis player
- 1937 – Robert Lucas, Jr., American economist
- 1937 – Fernando de la Rua, former President of Argentina
- 1938 – Gaylord Perry, American baseball player
- 1940 – Merlin Olsen, American football player and actor (d. 2010)
- 1941 – Florian Albert, Hungarian footballer (d. 2011)
- 1941 – Viktor Zubkov, former Prime Minister of Russia
- 1941 – Miroslaw Hermaszewski, Polish cosmonaut
- 1942 – Wen Jiabao, former Premier of the People's Republic of China
- 1944 – Graham Taylor, English footballer and manager
- 1944 – Mauro Piacenza, Italian cardinal
- 1945 – Hans-Gert Poettering, German politician
- 1945 – Carmen Maura, Spanish actress
- 1945 – Jessye Norman, American singer
- 1945 – Ron Shelton, American screenwriter, director and movie producer
- 1946 – Ola Brunkert, Swedish musician (d. 2008)
- 1946 – Tommy Lee Jones, American actor
- 1946 – Oliver Stone, American movie director
- 1946 – Mike Procter, South African cricketer, coach and referee
- 1947 – Viggo Jensen, Danish footballer and manager
- 1949 – Joe Barton, American politician
- 1950 – Mirza Masroor Ahmad, Islamic spiritual leader
1951 – 1975
- 1951 – Johan Neeskens, Dutch footballer
- 1952 – Richard Brodeur, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1954 – Hrant Dink, Turkish-Armenian newspaper editor (d. 2007)
- 1955 – Bruce Reitherman, American movie maker
- 1955 – Renzo Rosso, Italian fashion designer
- 1955 – Brendan O'Carroll, Irish actor
- 1958 – Dr. Know, American guitarist
- 1959 – Mark Kirk, American politician
- 1961 – Dan Marino, American football player
- 1962 – Rebecca Miller, American actress, director and writer
- 1964 – Robert Fico, Prime Minister of Slovakia
- 1966 – Sherman Douglas, American basketball player
- 1967 – Huw Bunford, Welsh guitarist and songwriter (Super Furry Animals)
- 1969 – Revaz Arveladze, Georgian footballer
- 1970 – Svetlana Zakharova, Russian long-distance runner
- 1971 – Josh Charles, American actor
- 1972 – Jimmy Carr, British comedian
- 1972 – Queen Letizia of Spain
- 1973 – Daniel Westling, Swedish royal
- 1973 – Julie Cox, British actress
- 1974 – Murat Yakin, Swiss footballer
From 1976
- 1976 – Paul Thomson, Scottish musician
- 1977 – Angela Aki, Japanese singer-songwriter
- 1977 – Sophie Dahl, British model
- 1977 – Jason Terry, American basketball player
- 1978 – Eidur Gudjohnsen, Icelandic footballer
- 1978 – Kew Jaliens, Dutch footballer
- 1979 – Patrick Marleau, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1979 – Carlos Ruiz, Guatemalan footballer
- 1979 – Amy Davidson, American actress
- 1983 – Ashleigh McIvor, Canadian freestyle skier
- 1984 – Prince Harry of Wales, British royal
- 1986 – Heidi Montag, American television personality and singer
- 1986 – Anan Anwar, Thai singer and actor
- 1986 – Peter Wilson, English sport shooter and Olympic gold medalist
- 1986 – Poppy Delevingne, English model
- 1987 – Clare Maguire, English singer-songwriter
- 1988 – Chelsea Kane, American actress and singer
- 1988 – Kate Mansi, American actress
- 1996 – Jake Cherry, American actor
Deaths
Up to 1900
- 668 – Constans II, Emperor (b. 630)
- 921 – Saint Ludmila of Bohemia, Bohemian martyr (b. 860)
- 1134 – Alfonso the Battler, King of Aragon and Navarra (b. 1073)
- 1231 – Louis I, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1173)
- 1326 – Dmitry of Tver (b. 1299)
- 1352 – Ewostatewos, Ethiopian monk and religious leader (b. 1273)
- 1750 – Charles Theodore Pachelbel, German composer (b. 1690)
- 1794 – Abraham Clark, Signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1725)
- 1803 – Gian Francesco Albani, Italian cardinal (b. 1719)
- 1805 – Christopher Gadsden, American soldier and statesman (b. 1724)
- 1830 – William Huskisson, English first rail fatality (b. 1770)
- 1835 – Sarah Knox Taylor, wife of Jefferson Davis (b. 1814)
- 1841 – Alessandro Rolla, Italian violinist and composer (b. 1757)
- 1842 – Pierre Baillot, French violinist and composer (b. 1771)
- 1842 – Francisco Morazan, President of Central America (b. 1792)
- 1859 – Isambard Kingdom Brunel, British engineer (b. 1806)
- 1864 – John Hanning Speke, British explorer (b. 1827)
- 1883 – Joseph Plateau, Belgian physicist (b. 1801)
- 1885 – Jumbo, African elephant (b. 1861)
- 1893 – Thomas Hawksley, English engineer (b. 1807)
1901 – 2000
- 1926 – Rudolf Christoph Eucken, German writer (b. 1846)
- 1930 – Milton Sills, American actor (b. 1882)
- 1938 – Thomas Wolfe, American writer (b. 1900)
- 1940 – William B. Bankhead, American politician (b. 1874)
- 1945 – Andre Tardieu, French statesman (b. 1876)
- 1945 – Anton Webern, Austrian composer and conductor (b. 1883)
- 1972 – Geoffrey Fisher, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1887)
- 1972 – Asgeir Asgeirsson, second President of Iceland (b. 1894)
- 1973 – King Gustav VI Adolf of Sweden, King of Sweden (b. 1882)
- 1973 – Victor Jara, Chilean musician (b. 1932)
- 1975 – Pavel Sukhoi, Russian aircraft designer (b. 1895)
- 1978 – Willy Messerschmidt, German aircraft designer (b. 1898)
- 1979 – Tommy Leonetti, American singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1929)
- 1981 – Harold Bennett, English actor (b. 1899)
- 1985 – Cootie Williams, American trumpeter (b. 1910)
- 1989 – Robert Penn Warren, American writer (b. 1905)
- 1995 – Gunnar Nordahl, Swedish footballer (b. 1921)
- 1998 – Luke Rasminsky, Canadian economist (b. 1908)
From 2001
- 2001 – June Salter, Australian actress (b. 1932)
- 2004 – Johnny Ramone, American guitarist (The Ramones) (b. 1948)
- 2005 – Sidney Luft, American director (b. 1915)
- 2006 – Oriana Fallaci, Italian journalist and writer (b. 1929)
- 2007 – Colin McRae, Scottish rally driver (b. 1968)
- 2008 – Richard Wright, English musician (Pink Floyd) (b. 1943)
- 2014 – Post Bahadur Bogati, Nepalese politician (b. 1953)
- 2014 – Yitzhak Hofi, Israeli general (b. 1927)
- 2014 – Eugene I. Gordon, American physicist (b. 1930)
- 2014 – John Anderson, Jr., American politician, Governor of Kansas (b. 1917)
- 2014 – Jackie Cain, American jazz singer (b. 1928)
- 2014 – Jeremy Ball, Australian actor and politician (b. 1969)
Observances
- Battle of Britain Day (United Kingdom)
- Independence Day (Guatemala, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua)
- International Day of Democracy
- Engineers' Day (India)
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