May 27

2023 Calendar

May 27 is the 147th day of the year (148th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 218 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

Up to 1930

1153 - Malcolm IV of Scotland becomes King.
1199 - King John of England is crowned.
1293 - A massive earthquake hits Kamakura, Japan.
1328 – Philip VI is crowned King of France.
1644 - Manchu regent Dorgon defeats rebel leader Li Zicheng of the Shun Dynasty at the Battle of Shanhai Pass, allowing the Manchus to enter and conquer Beijing.
1703 – Tsar Peter the Great founds the city of Saint Petersburg.
1799 - War of the Second Coalition: Austrian forces defeat the French at Winterthur, Switzerland, securing control of the Northeast Swiss plateau because of the town's location at the junction of the seven cross-roads.
1813 – War of 1812: In Canada, American forces capture Fort George.
1849 – The Great Hall of Euston station, London opened.
1860 – Giuseppe Garibaldi begins his attack on Palermo, Sicily, as part of the Italian Unification.
1883 – Alexander III is crowned Tsar of Russia.
1896 – The F5-strength East St. Louis Tornado hits in East Saint Louis, Illinois, and St. Louis, Missouri, killing 255 people.
1901 – In New Jersey, the Edison Storage Battery Company is founded.
1905 – Russo-Japanese War: The Battle of Tsushima begins.
1907 – A bubonic plague outbreak begins in San Francisco, California.
1915 - Off Sheerness, minelayer Princess Irene runs over laid mines and explodes, killing 400 people.
1919 – The NC-4 aircraft arrives in Lisbon after completing the first transatlantic flight.
1923 – The first 24 hours of Le Mans race ends.
1924 – The Music Corporation of America (MCA) is founded.
1927 – The Ford Motor Company stops making the Ford Model T and gets ready to make Ford Model As.
1930 – The 1,046 feet (319 meters) tall Chrysler Building in New York (tallest man-made structure at the time) opens to the public.

1931 – 2000

1932 – The Sydney Harbour Bridge opens.
1933 – New Deal: The U.S. Federal Securities Act is signed into law requiring the registration of securities with the Federal Trade Commission.
1933 – The Walt Disney Company releases the cartoon The Three Little Pigs, with its hit song "Who's Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf?"
1933 – The Century of Progress World's Fair opens in Chicago.
1934 - The 1934 FIFA World Cup in Italy begins, with a series of knock-out games.
1935 – New Deal: The Supreme Court of the United States declares the National Industrial Recovery Act to be unconstitutional in the case A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States, (295 U.S. 495).
1936 – The RMS Queen Mary begins her first voyage.
1937 – In California, the Golden Gate Bridge opens to pedestrian traffic, creating a vital link between San Francisco and Marin County.
1939 – DC Comics prints its second superhero in Detective Comics #27; he is Batman, one of the most topical comic book superheroes of all time.
1940 – World War II: 97 out of 99 members of a Royal Norfolk Regiment unit are massacred while trying to surrender at Dunkirk. The German commander, Captain Fritz Knochlein, is later hanged for war crimes.
1941 – World War II: US President Franklin Roosevelt proclaims an "unlimited national emergency".
1941 – World War II: The German battleship Bismarck is sunk in the North Atlantic killing 2,300 men.
1942 - World War II: Nazi official Reinhard Heydrich is wounded in Prague and dies over a week later.
1960 – In Turkey, General Cemal Gürsel leads a military coup d'état removing President Celal Bayar and the rest of the democratic government.
1963 – Folk music singer Bob Dylan releases The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan album, which features "Blowin' in the Wind" and several other of his best-known songs.
1964 – Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru dies in office.
1965 – Vietnam War: United States warships begin bombing of National Liberation Front targets within South Vietnam for the first time.
1967 – Australians vote to change the Constitution to give Indigenous Australians equal rights
1968 – Future U.S. President George W. Bush joins the Texas Air National Guard.
1971 - The Dahlerau train disaster near Wuppertal, then-West Germany, kills 46 people and injures 25.
1974 – Jacques Chirac becomes Prime Minister of France.
1975 - The Dibbles Bridge coach crash near Grassington, North Yorkshire, England, kills 33 people, in the United Kingdom's deadliest-ever road accident.
1980 – The Gwangju Massacre: air force and army troops of South Korea retake the city of Gwangju from civil militias, killing at least 207 and possibly many more.
1995 – In Charlottesville, Virginia, actor Christopher Reeve is paralyzed (not able to move) from the neck down after falling from his horse in a riding competition.
1996 – First Chechnya War: Russian President Boris Yeltsin meets with Chechnyan rebels for the first time and agrees to a cease-fire in the war.
1997 – The F5-strength Jarrell Tornado slams into the small town of Jarrell, Texas, killing 27 people.
1998 – Oklahoma City bombing: Michael Fortier is sentenced to 12 years in prison and fined $200,000 for failing to warn authorities about the terrorist plot.
1999 – The International War Crimes Tribunal in The Hague, Netherlands charges Slobodan Milošević and 4 others for war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in Kosovo.

From 2001

2003 – Luciano Berio, Italian composer (b. 1925)
2004 – Umberto Agnelli, Italian entrepreneur (b. 1934)
2007 – Zard, Japanese singer (b. 1967)
2007 - Ed Yost, American inventor (b. 1919)
2008 – Franz Künstler, last-surviving Austro-Hungarian World War I veteran (b. 1900)
2009 – Clive Granger, British economist (b. 1934)
2010 – John William Finn, American naval officer (b. 1909)
2011 – Margo Dydek, Polish basketball player (b. 1974)
2011 – Jeff Conaway, American actor (b. 1950)
2011 – Gil Scott-Heron, American rapper and poet (b. 1949)
2012 - Friedrich Hirzebruch, German mathematician (b. 1927)
2012 - Johnny Tapia, American boxer (b. 1967)
2013 - Bill Pertwee, British actor (b. 1926)
2014 - Helma Sanders-Brahms, German movie director, screenwriter, producer and actress (b. 1940)
2014 - Miodrag Radulovacki, Serbian medical research scientist (b. 1933)
2014 - Massimo Vignelli, Italian graphic designer (b. 1931)
2015 - Erik Carlsson, Swedish rally driver (b. 1929)
2015 - Nils Christie, Norwegian sociologist and criminologist (b. 1928)
2016 - Kai G. Henriksen, Norwegian businessman (b. 1956)
2016 - Marshall Jones, American musician (b. 1941)
2017 - Gregg Allman, American musician (b. 1947)
2017 - Don Robinson, English rugby league player (b. 1932)
2018 - Gardner Dozois, American science fiction writer (b. 1947)
2018 - Aly Lotfy Mahmoud, Egyptian economist and politician, Prime minister of Egypt (b. 1935)
2018 - Donald H. Peterson, American astronaut (b. 1933)
2018 - John DiFronzo, American mobster (b. 1928)
2019 - Bill Buckner, American baseball player (b. 1949)
2019 - Veeru Devgan, Indian choreographer, actor and director (b. 1934)
2019 - Gabriel Diniz, Brazilian singer and composer (b. 1990)
2019 - Tony Horwitz, American journalist and author (b. 1958)
2019 - Aharon Razin, Israeli biochemist (b. 1935)
2020 - Tony Scannell, Irish actor (b. 1945)

Births

Up to 1900

742 - Emperor Dezong of Tang of China (d. 805)
1332 – Ibn Khaldun, Arab polymath (d. 1406)
1519 – Girolamo Mei, Italian historian (d. 1594)
1623 – William Petty, English scientist and philosopher (d. 1687)
1626 – William II, Prince of Orange (d. 1650)
1651 - Louis Antoine de Noailles, French cardinal (d. 1729)
1652 – Elisabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate (Charlotte Elizabeth, Duchesse d'Orléans) (d. 1722)
1738 – Nathaniel Gorham, American politician (d. 1796)
1756 - King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria (d. 1825)
1774 – Francis Beaufort, Irish scientist and admiral (d. 1857)
1794 – Cornelius Vanderbilt, entrepreneur (d. 1877)
1818 - Amelia Bloomer, American activist (d. 1894)
1818 - Franciscus Donders, Dutch ophthalmologist (d. 1889)
1819 – Julia Ward Howe, composer ("The Battle Hymn of the Republic") (d. 1910)
1819 – George V of Hanover (d. 1878)
1820 – Mathilde Bonaparte, French princess and socialite (d. 1904)
1822 - Joachim Raff, Swiss-German composer (d. 1882)
1832 - Zenas Ferry Moody, American politician, 7th Governor of Oregon (d. 1917)
1832 - Lizardo Montero Flores, President of Peru (d. 1905)
1836 – Jay Gould, American financier (d. 1892)
1837 – Wild Bill Hickok, American gunfighter (d. 1876)
1860 – Manuel Teixeira Gomes, 7th President of Portugal (d. 1941)
1864 – Ante Trumbić, Croat politician (d. 1938)
1867 – Arnold Bennett, British novelist (d. 1931)
1871 – Georges Rouault, painter and graphic artist (d. 1958)
1876 - Ferdynand Antoni Ossendowski, Polish journalist and author (d. 1945)
1876 - William Stanier, English engineer (d. 1965)
1877 – Isadora Duncan, American dancer (d. 1927)
1879 – Karl Bühler, psychologist (d. 1963)
1884 – Max Brod, writer (d. 1968)
1888 – Louis Durey, French composer (d. 1979)
1893 – Hermann Dörnemann, German supercentenarian, world's oldest man from November 19, 2004 (d. 2005)
1894 – Louis-Ferdinand Céline, French writer (d. 1961)
1894 – Dashiell Hammett, American writer (d. 1961)
1895 - Douglas Lloyd Campbell, 13th Premier of Manitoba (d. 1995)
1897 – John Cockcroft, British physicist (d. 1967)
1900 - Ethel Lang, British supercentenarian (d. 2015)

1901 – 1925

1902 - Fanny Godin, Belgian supercentenarian (d. 2014)
1904 – Chohei Nambu, Japanese athlete (d. 1997)
1906 - Buddhadasa, Thai monk and philosopher (d. 1993)
1907 - Carl Falck, Norwegian businessman and centenarian (d. 2016)
1907 – Rachel Carson, American ecologist (d. 1964)
1909 – Dolores Hope, American singer (d. 2011)
1909 - Don Finlay, English hurdler and pilot (d. 1970)
1911 – Hubert H. Humphrey, 38th Vice President of the United States (d. 1978)
1911 – Teddy Kollek, Mayor of Jerusalem (d. 2007)
1911 – Vincent Price, American actor (d. 1993)
1912 – John Cheever, writer (d. 1982)
1912 – Sam Snead, American golf champion (d. 2002)
1913 – Wols, German painter (d. 1951)
1915 – Herman Wouk, American writer (d. 2019)
1917 – Yasuhiro Nakasone, former Prime Minister of Japan
1920 - Gabrielle Wittkop, French writer, essayist, journalist and artist (d. 2002)
1921 – Caryl Chessman, American, executed for murder (d. 1960)
1921 - Bob Godfrey, English animator (d. 2013)
1922 – Christopher Lee, English actor (d. 2015)
1922 - Otto Carius, German World War II tank commander (d. 2015)
1922 – John David Vanderhoof, 36th Governor of Colorado (d. 2013)
1923 – Henry Kissinger, American politician, 37th United States Secretary of State, received the Nobel Peace Prize
1923 - Inge Morath, Austrian-American photographer (d. 2002)
1923 – Sumner Redstone, American entrepreneur
1924 - Jaime Lusinchi, President of Venezuela (d. 2014)
1925 – Tony Hillerman, American mystery writer (d. 2008)

1926 – 1950

1928 - Thea Musgrave, Scottish-American composer
1930 – John Barth, American novelist
1930 – Eino Tamberg, Estonian composer (d. 2010)
1930 – William S. Sessions, FBI director
1931 - Faten Hamama, Egyptian actress (d. 2015)
1934 - Enzo Siciliano, Italian writer (d. 2006)
1934 – Harlan Ellison, American science fiction writer (d. 2018)
1934 - Uwe Friedrichsen, German actor (d. 2016)
1935 – Lee Meriwether, American actress and former Miss America
1935 - Luud Schimmelpennink, Dutch inventor, entrepreneur and politician
1936 – Louis Gossett Jr., American actor
1936 - Marcel Masse, Canadian politician (d. 2014)
1937 – Allan Carr, producer, writer (d. 1999)
1940 - Mike Gibson, Australian sports journalist (d. 2015)
1942 - Piers Courage, English racing driver (d. 1970)
1943 – Cilla Black, English singer (d. 2015)
1943 - Robert Axelrod, American political scientist
1944 - Alain Souchon, French singer-songwriter, guitarist and author
1945 – Bruce Cockburn, Canadian musician
1946 - Lewis Collins, English actor (d. 2013)
1946 – Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen, Danish jazz musician (d. 2005)
1947 - Henry McMaster, American politician, 117th Governor of South Carolina
1947 – Branko Oblak, Slovenian footballer
1949 - Terry Collins, American baseball manager

1951 – 1975

1951 – Ana Belén, Spanish singer and actress
1955 – Eric Bischoff, American WWE performer
1956 - Giuseppe Tornatore, Italian director and screenwriter
1957 – Siouxsie Sioux, English musician ("Siouxsie and the Banshees")
1957 – Duncan Goodhew, English swimmer
1958 - Jesse Robredo, Filipino politician (d. 2012)
1958 – Neil Finn, New Zealand singer and songwriter
1958 – Linnea Quigley, American actress
1958 – Wayne Williams, American child murderer
1959 - Donna Strickland, Canadian physicist
1960 - Ray Armstead, American athlete
1961 – Peri Gilpin, American actress
1962 - David Mundell, Scottish politician
1962 - Steven Brill, American actor, director, producer and screenwriter
1962 - Ravi Shastri, Indian cricketer and sportscaster
1963 - Gonzalo Rubalcaba, Cuban pianist and composer
1964 – Adam Carolla, American comedian, television host and actor
1964 - Volker Abramczik, German footballer
1965 – Todd Bridges, American actor
1965 – Pat Cash, Australian tennis player
1966 – Sean Kinney, American drummer (Alice in Chains)
1966 – Heston Blumenthal, English chef
1967 – Paul Gascoigne, English footballer
1968 – Rebekah Brooks, English newspaper editor
1968 – Jeff Bagwell, American baseball player
1968 – Frank Thomas, American baseball player
1970 – Joseph Fiennes, English actor
1970 - Michele Bartoli, Italian cyclist
1970 - Tim Farron, English politician
1971 – Paul Bettany, English actor
1971 – Lisa 'Left Eye' Lopes, American singer (d. 2002)
1971 - Sophie Walker, Scottish politician
1971 - Lee Sharpe, English footballer
1971 - Beatrix von Storch, German politician of the Alternative for Germany Party
1974 – Derek Webb, singer-songwriter, former member of Caedmon's Call
1974 – Danny Wuerffel, American football quarterback, Heisman Trophy winner
1975 – Jamie Oliver, British celebrity chef and TV personality (The Naked Chef)
1975 – Michael Hussey, Australian cricketer
1975 - André 3000, American rapper, producer and actor

From 1976

1976 – Jiri Stajner, Czech footballer
1977 – Mahela Jayawardene, Sri Lankan cricketer
1979 – Mile Sterjovski, Australian footballer
1981 – Johan Elmander, Swedish footballer
1981 – Miloy, Angolan footballer
1981 – Fivos Constantinou, Cypriot runner
1983 – Bobby Convey, American soccer player
1984 - Kalle Spjuth, Swedish bandy player
1985 – Roberto Soldado, Spanish footballer
1987 – Gervinho, Ivorian footballer
1988 - Birkir Bjarnason, Icelandic footballer
1988 - Mari Pokinen, Estonian actress and singer
1989 - Igor Morozov, Estonian footballer
1990 - Nadine Beiler, Austrian singer
1990 – Chris Colfer, American actor
1990 - Apinya Sakuljaroensuk, Thai actress
1990 - Jonas Hector, German footballer
1994 - Aymeric Laporte, French footballer
1999 - Lily-Rose Depp, French-American actress
1999 - Harambe, American-bred Western lowland gorilla (d. 2016)

Deaths

Up to 1950

366 – Procopius, Roman usurper (b. 326)
866 – Ordoño I, king of Asturias
927 – Tsar Simeon I of Bulgaria
1508 – Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan (b. 1452)
1525 - Thomas Müntzer, German theologian and religious reformer (b. 1489)
1541 – Margaret Pole, 8th Countess of Salisbury, daughter of George, Duke of Clarence (executed) (b. 1374)
1564 – John Calvin, religious reformer (b. 1509)
1610 – Ravaillac, assassin who killed Henry IV of France (b. 1578)
1661 – Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll, Scottish Covenanter, was beheaded
1707 – Marquise de Montespan, mistress of Louis XIV of France (b. 1641)
1797 – François-Noël Babeuf, French revolutionary and early socialist (b. 1760)
1831 – Jedediah Smith, American explorer (b. 1799)
1840 – Niccolò Paganini, Italian violinist and composer (b. 1782)
1885 - Charles Rogier, Belgian politician and journalist (b. 1800)
1896 - Aleksandr Stoletov, Russian physicist (b. 1839)
1910 – Robert Koch, German doctor, won the 1905 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1843)
1918 - Ozutsu Man'emon, Japanese sumo wrestler (b. 1869)
1926 – Srečko Kosovel, Slovenian poet
1936 - H. P. Hanssen, Danish politician (b. 1862)
1939 - Joseph Roth, Austrian writer (b. 1894)
1941 - Ernst Lindemann, German captain (b. 1894)
1941 - Günther Lütjens, German admiral (b. 1889)
1943 - Gordon Coates, 21st Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1878)

1951 – 2000

1960 – James Montgomery Flagg, illustrator (b. 1877)
1962 - Egon Petri, German pianist (b. 1881)
1963 - Grigoris Lambrakis, Greek physician and politician (b. 1912)
1964 – Jawaharlal Nehru, 1st Prime Minister of India (b. 1889)
1967 - W. Otto Miessner, American composer and educator (b. 1880)
1971 - Armando Picchi, Italian footballer and coach (b. 1935)
1985 – Kai Lindberg, Danish politician (b. 1899)
1986 – Isma'il Raji' al-Faruqi, Palestinian-American Muslim thinker, philosopher, and comparative religion scholar (b. 1921)
1986 - Ajoy Mukherjee, Indian politician, Chief Minister of West Bengal (b. 1901)
1987 – John Howard Northrop, American chemist, Nobel Prize winner (b. 1891)
1988 - Ernst Ruska, German physicist (b. 1906)
1989 - Arseny Tarkovsky, Russian poet (b. 1907)
1990 - Robert B. Meyner, 40th Governor of New Jersey (b. 1908)
1991 – Leopold Nowak, musicologist (b. 1904)
1993 – Werner Stocker, German actor (b. 1955)
2000 – Crawford Murray MacLehose of Beoch, British Governor of Hong Kong (b. 1917)
2000 – Maurice Richard, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1921)

Observances

Children's Day (Nigeria)
Armed Forces Day (Nicaragua)
Mother's Day (Bolivia)
Navy Day (Japan)