December 1
(Redirected from 1 December)
December 1 is the 335th day of the year (336th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 30 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
Up to 1900
- 800 – Charlemagne judges the accusations against Pope Leo III in the Vatican.
- 1420 - Henry V of England enters Paris.
- 1640 – Portugal regains its independence from Spain.
- 1821 – The first constitution of Costa Rica is issued.
- 1822 – Emperor Pedro I of Brazil is crowned.
- 1824 - The United States House of Representatives is given the task to decide the winner of the US Presidential Election after no candidate got an overall majority of Electoral College votes.
- 1828 - Argentine general Juan Lavalle carries out a coup against Governor Manuel Dorrego, beginning the Decembrist revolution.
- 1835 – Hans Christian Andersen publishes his first book of fairy tales.
- 1864 - Great Fire of Brisbane.
- 1865 - Shaw University, the first historically black university in the Southern United States, is founded in North Carolina.
- 1885 - The fizzy drink Dr Pepper is first served at a drug store in Waco, Texas.
1901 – 1950
- 1913 – Ford Motor Company introduces the first moving assembly line.
- 1913 – Crete is annexed by Greece.
- 1913 - The Buenos Aires Metro opens to the public.
- 1918 – Iceland becomes a sovereign state, yet remains a part of the Danish kingdom.
- 1918 – The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later known as the Kingdom of Yugoslavia) is proclaimed.
- 1918 - Transylvania unites with the Kingdom of Romania.
- 1919 - Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor officially takes her seat in the House of Commons as the UK's first female Member of Parliament.
- 1923 – The dam of the Gleno Reservoir near Bergamo, Italy, bursts, killing around 600 people.
- 1934 - In the Soviet Union, Politburo member Sergey Kirov is shot dead by Leonid Nikolaev at Communist Headquarters in Leningrad.
- 1941 - World War II: Emperor Hirohito of Japan gives the final approval to begin war against the United States.
- 1941 - World War II: New York City Mayor Fiorello La Guardia signs the Administration Order No. 9, creating the Civil Air Patrol.
- 1948 - Taman Shud Case: The body of an unidentified man is found in Adelaide, South Australia, involving an undetectable poison and a secret code in a rare book. The case remains unsolved.
1951 – 2000
- 1953 - Hugh Hefner publishes the first edition of Playboy magazine.
- 1955 – In Montgomery, Alabama, seamstress Rosa Parks refuses to give her bus seat to a white man and is arrested for violating the city's racial segregation laws, an incident which leads to the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
- 1958 – Central African Republic becomes independent from France.
- 1958 - The Our Lady of the Angels school fire in Chicago kills 92 children and 3 nuns.
- 1959 – Cold War: Antarctic Treaty signed, which sets aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve and bans military activity on that continent.
- 1960 - Paul McCartney and Pete Best are arrested in Hamburg after being accused of attempted arson.
- 1961 – The independent Republic of West Papua is proclaimed in modern-day Western New Guinea.
- 1963 – Nagaland becomes the 16th state of India.
- 1964 – Malta, Malawi and Zambia join the UN.
- 1965 - India's Border Security Force is founded.
- 1966 – Kurt Georg Kiesinger succeeds Ludwig Erhard as Chancellor of West Germany.
- 1969 – Vietnam War: The first draft lottery in the United States is held since World War II.
- 1971 – Khmer Rouge rebels intensify assaults on Cambodian government positions, forcing their retreat from Kompong Thmar and nearby Ba Ray.
- 1971 – The Indian Army occupies part of Kashmir.
- 1973 – Papua New Guinea gains self-government from Australia.
- 1974 - TWA Flight 514, a Boeing 727, crashes northwest of Dulles International Airport near Washington, DC, killing all 92 people on board.
- 1974 - Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 6231, a Boeing 727, crashes northwest of JFK International Airport outside New York City, killing all 3 crew members. There were no passengers on board at the time.
- 1976 – Angola joins the UN.
- 1981 - Inex-Adria Aviopromet Flight 1308, a McDonnell Douglas MD-80, crashes in Corsica, killing all 180 people on board.
- 1986 - The Musee d'Orsay art museum in Paris opens.
- 1988 - Benazir Bhutto becomes Prime Minister of Pakistan.
- 1989 - A right-wing rebel group attempts to remove then-President of the Philippines Corazon Aquino from power in a failed coup attempt.
- 1990 – Channel Tunnel sections started from the United Kingdom and France meet 40 meters beneath the seabed.
- 1991 – Cold War: Ukrainian voters overwhelmingly approve a referendum for independence from the Soviet Union.
- 2000 – Vicente Fox becomes President of Mexico.
From 2001
- 2006 – Felipe Calderon becomes President of Mexico.
- 2006 – A typhoon causes landslides on the Mayon Volcano in the Philippines, burying about 1,000 people.
- 2009 – The European Union's Lisbon Treaty takes effect.
- 2012 - Enrique Peña Nieto becomes President of Mexico.
- 2013 - A train derails in the Bronx, New York City, on the banks of the Hudson River, killing four people and injuring around 60.
- 2014 - The Somali terrorist group Al-Shabaab rounds up and kills 36 Non-Muslims in northeastern Kenya.
- 2016 - Vajiralongkorn officially becomes King of Thailand.
- 2017 - Japanese Emperor Akihito's abdication date is set for April 30, 2019.
- 2017 - The groups are drawn for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia.
- 2018 - Andrés Manuel López Obrador becomes President of Mexico.
Births
Up to 1900
- 1081 – Louis VI of France (d. 1137)
- 1083 – Anna Komnene, Byzantine princess and scholar (d. 1153)
- 1438 - Peter II, Duke of Bourbon (d. 1503)
- 1443 - Magdalena of France, French princess (d. 1495)
- 1521 - Takeda Shingen, Japanese daimyo (d. 1573)
- 1580 - Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc, French astronomer (d. 1637)
- 1690 - Philip Yorke, 1st Earl of Hardwicke, English lawyer and politician (d. 1764)
- 1709 - Franz Xaver Richter, Austrian-Moravian singer, violinist, composer and conductor (d. 1789)
- 1716 - Etienne Maurice Falconet, French sculptor (d. 1791)
- 1743 – Martin Heinrich Klaproth, German chemist (d. 1817)
- 1761 – Marie Tussaud, French creator of waxworks (d. 1850)
- 1766 – Nikolay Karamzin, Russian writer (d. 1826)
- 1785 - Victor de Broglie, French politician and diplomat (d. 1850)
- 1792 - Nikolai Lobachevsky, Russian mathematician (d. 1856)
- 1823 - Karl Schenk, Swiss politician (d. 1895)
- 1840 - Marie Bracquemond, French painter (d. 1916)
- 1844 – Alexandra of Denmark, queen consort of King Edward VII of the United Kingdom (d. 1925)
- 1847 - Julia Ann Moore, American poet (d. 1920)
- 1855 - John Evans, Australian politician, 21st Premier of Tasmania (d. 1943)
- 1864 - Carsten Borchgrevink, Norwegian polar explorer (d. 1934)
- 1867 - Ignacy Moscicki, Polish scientist and politician (d. 1946)
- 1869 - Eligiusz Niewiadomski, Polish painter and critic (d. 1923)
- 1873 - Valery Bryusov, Russian poet (d. 1924)
- 1873 - Viktor Chernov, Russian politician (d. 1952)
- 1884 - Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, German painter (d. 1976)
- 1886 – Rex Stout, American writer (d. 1975)
- 1895 – Henry Williamson, English writer (d. 1977)
- 1896 – Georgy Zhukov, Marshal of the Soviet Union (d. 1974)
- 1898 - Stuart Garson, Canadian politician, 12th Premier of Manitoba (d. 1977)
1901 – 1950
- 1901 - Ilona Feher, Hungarian violinist (d. 1988)
- 1901 - Jane Gray, Scottish-Australian supercentenarian (d. 2014)
- 1905 – Clarence Zener, American physicist (d. 1993)
- 1910 – Alicia Markova, British ballet dancer (d. 2004)
- 1911 – Franz Binder, Austrian footballer (d. 1989)
- 1911 - Walter Alston, American baseball player and manager (d. 1984)
- 1911 - Calvin Griffith, Canadian-American businessman (d. 1999)
- 1912 - Minoru Yamasaki, American architect (d. 1986)
- 1913 – Mary Martin, American actress (d. 1990)
- 1916 - Wan Li, Chinese politician (d. 2015)
- 1922 – Vsevolod Bobrov, Soviet ice hockey player (d. 1979)
- 1923 – Morris, Belgian cartoonist (d. 2001)
- 1923 - Stansfield Turner, American admiral (d. 2018)
- 1925 – Martin Rodbell, American scientist (d. 1998)
- 1926 - Keith Michell, Australian actor (d. 2015)
- 1928 - Emily McLaughlin, American actress (d. 1991)
- 1928 - Malachi Throne, American actor (d. 2013)
- 1929 – Alfred Moisiu, former President of Albania
- 1929 - Karl Otto Pöhl, German economist (d. 2014)
- 1929 - David Doyle, American actor (d. 1997)
- 1930 - Marie Bashir, 37th Governor of New South Wales
- 1930 – Matt Monro, English singer (d. 1985)
- 1931 - Jimmy Lyons, American saxophonist (d. 1986)
- 1931 - George Maxwell Richards, President of Trinidad and Tobago (d. 2018)
- 1933 - Fujiko Fujio, Japanese writer and illustrator (d. 1996)
- 1933 - Lou Rawls, American singer-songwriter, producer and actor (d. 2006)
- 1933 - Violette Verdy, French ballerina (d. 2016)
- 1933 - James Wolfensohn, 9th President of the World Bank
- 1934 – Billy Paul, American singer (d. 2016)
- 1935 – Woody Allen, American director and actor
- 1936 - Igor Rodionov, Russian general and politician (d. 2014)
- 1937 – Vaira Vike-Freiberga, former President of Latvia
- 1938 - Saeeduzzaman Siddiqui, Pakistani politician, Governor of Sindh (d. 2017)
- 1939 – Lee Trevino, American golf player
- 1940 – Richard Pryor, American actor and comedian (d. 2005)
- 1942 - Mohamed Kamel Amr, Egyptian diplomat
- 1943 - Kenny Moore, American runner and journalist
- 1944 - Pierre Arditi, French actor
- 1944 - A. B. M. Mohiuddin Chowdhury, Bangladeshi politician (d. 2017)
- 1944 - Michael Hagee, American general
- 1944 - Tahar Ben Jelloun, Moroccan-French poet
- 1944 - Daniel Pennac, French writer
- 1944 – John Densmore, American musician
- 1945 – Bette Midler, American singer and actress
- 1946 – Gilbert O'Sullivan, Irish singer
- 1947 – Alain Bashung, French singer (d. 2009)
- 1948 – Luciano Re Cecconi, Italian footballer (d. 1977)
- 1948 – Neil Warnock, English footballer and manager
- 1948 - Themba Dlamini, Prime Minister of Swaziland
- 1949 – Pablo Escobar, Colombian druglord (d. 1993)
- 1949 – Sebastian Pinera, former President of Chile
- 1950 - Ueli Maurer, Swiss politician
- 1950 - Seiichi Sakiya, Japanese footballer
- 1950 - Keith Thibodeaux, American actor and drummer
1951 – 1975
- 1951 – Jaco Pastorius, American musician (d. 1987)
- 1951 - Treat Williams, American actor
- 1952 - Stephen Poliakoff, British playwright and television dramatist
- 1954 - Medha Patkar, Indian activist
- 1954 - François Van der Elst, Belgian footballer (d. 2017)
- 1956 - Julee Cruise, American singer-songwriter and actress
- 1957 - Chris Poland, American guitarist
- 1957 - Deep Roy, Kenyan actor
- 1958 – Javier Aguirre, Mexican footballer and manager
- 1958 - Lisa Fischer, American singer-songwriter
- 1958 - Charlene Tilton, American actress
- 1960 – Carol Alt, American supermodel
- 1961 – Jeremy Northam, British actor
- 1961 - Armin Meiwes, German cannibal and murderer
- 1962 - Pamela McGee, American basketball player and coach
- 1963 - Arjuna Ranatunga, Sri Lankan cricketer and politician
- 1964 – Salvatore Schillaci, Italian footballer
- 1965 - Peter Greste, Australian journalist
- 1966 - Andrew Adamson, New Zealand movie director
- 1966 - Katherine LaNasa, American actress
- 1966 - Larry Walker, Canadian baseball player
- 1967 - Nestor Carbonell, American actor, director and screenwriter
- 1968 - Justin Chadwick, English actor and director
- 1968 - Anders Holmertz, Swedish swimmer
- 1968 - Stephan Beckenbauer, German footballer (d. 2015)
- 1970 – Sarah Silverman, American comedienne
- 1971 – Emily Mortimer, English actress
- 1971 – Mika Pohjola, Finnish jazz pianist and composer
- 1971 - Melanie Peres, German-Israeli model, actress and singer
- 1974 – Costinha, Portuguese footballer
- 1974 - Isaiah "Ikey" Owens, American keyboardist and producer (d. 2014)
From 1976
- 1976 – Laura Ling, American journalist
- 1976 - Matthew Shepard, American murder victim (d. 1998)
- 1977 - Brad Delson, American guitarist and producer
- 1977 - Akiva Schaffer, American actor, rapper, director, producer and screenwriter
- 1979 - Shinji Murai, Japanese footballer
- 1981 - Park Hyo-shin, South Korean singer-songwriter
- 1982 - Alfredo Pacheco, El Salvadorean footballer (d. 2015)
- 1985 – Emiliano Viviano, Italian footballer
- 1985 - John Coughlin, American figure skater
- 1986 - DeSean Jackson, American football player
- 1988 – Jay Simpson, English footballer
- 1988 – Zoe Kravitz, American actress
- 1989 - Barry Bannan, Scottish footballer
- 1990 - Chanel Iman, American model
- 1991 - Sun Yang, Chinese swimmer
- 1991 - Dion Waiters, American basketball player
- 1992 - Masahudu Alhassan, Ghanaian footballer
- 1992 - Marco van Ginkel, Dutch footballer
- 1995 - Eva Boto, Slovenian singer
- 2001 – Aiko, Princess Toshi of Japan
- 2001 - Savannah McReynolds, American actress
Deaths
Up to 1900
- 660 - Saint Eligius (b. c. 588)
- 1135 – Henry I, King of England (b. 1068)
- 1241 – Isabella of England, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1214)
- 1377 – King Magnus II of Sweden (b. 1316)
- 1433 – Emperor Go-Komatsu of Japan (b. 1377)
- 1455 - Lorenzo Ghiberti, Italian sculptor (b. 1378)
- 1521 – Pope Leo X (b. 1475)
- 1530 - Margaret of Austria, Duchess of Savoy (b. 1480)
- 1580 - Giovanni Morone, Italian cardinal (b. 1509)
- 1581 - Alexander Briant, English priest, martyr and saint (b. 1556)
- 1581 - Edmund Campion, English priest, martyr and saint (b. 1540)
- 1581 - Ralph Sherwin, English priest, martyr and saint (b. 1550)
- 1602 - Kobayakawa Hideaki, Japanese warlord (b. 1582)
- 1633 - Isabella Clara Eugenia, Spanish consort of Albert VII, Archduke of Austria (b. 1566)
- 1640 - Miguel de Vasconcelos, Portuguese politician (b. 1590)
- 1660 - Pierre d'Hozier, French genealogist (b. 1592)
- 1750 - Johan Gabriel Doppelmayr, German mathematician, astronomer and cartographer (b. 1671)
- 1755 - Maurice Greene, English composer (b. 1696)
- 1825 – Tsar Alexander I of Russia (b. 1777)
- 1830 – Pope Pius VIII (b. 1761)
- 1864 - William L. Dayton, American politician (b. 1807)
- 1866 – George Everest, Welsh surveyor (b. 1790)
- 1884 - William Swainson, English-New Zealand lawyer and politician (b. 1809)
- 1886 – Emil Hartwich, German lawyer (b. 1843)
1901 – 2000
- 1913 - Juhan Liiv, Estonian poet and writer (b. 1864)
- 1914 - Alfred Thayer Mahan, American captain and historian (b. 1840)
- 1916 - Charles de Foucauld, French priest (b. 1858)
- 1917 - John January, American soccer player (b. 1882)
- 1934 – Sergey Kirov, Soviet politician (b. 1886)
- 1941 - Alva B. Adams, American politician (b. 1875)
- 1943 - Damrong Rajanubhab, Thai historian (b. 1862)
- 1947 – Aleister Crowley, English occultist and writer (b. 1875)
- 1947 – G.H. Hardy, English mathematician (b. 1877)
- 1954 - Fred Rose, American pianist, songwriter and publisher (b. 1898)
- 1964 - J. B. S. Haldane, English-Indian geneticist (b. 1892)
- 1964 - Charilaos Vasilakos, Greek runner (b. 1877)
- 1968 - Nicolae Bretan, Romanian opera singer, composer and conductor (b. 1887)
- 1969 - Magic Sam, American guitarist and singer (b. 1937)
- 1972 – Antonio Segni, Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1891)
- 1973 – David Ben-Gurion, Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1886)
- 1975 - Anna Roosevelt Halsted, American writer (b. 1906)
- 1981 - Russ Manning, American comic book artist (b. 1929)
- 1987 – James Baldwin, American writer (b. 1924)
- 1987 - Punch Imlach, Canadian ice hockey player, coach and manager (b. 1918)
- 1990 - Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, Indian politician and diplomat (b. 1900)
- 1991 – George J. Stigler, American economist (b. 1911)
- 1993 - Ray Gillen, American singer-songwriter (b. 1959)
- 1995 - Maxwell R. Thurman, American general (b. 1931)
- 1997 – Stephane Grappelli, French violinist (b. 1908)
- 1997 - Endicott Peabody, 62nd Governor of Massachusetts (b. 1920)
- 1998 – Bertil Nordahl, Swedish footballer (b. 1917)
From 2001
- 2004 – Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands (b. 1911)
- 2005 - Jack Colvin, American actor (b. 1934)
- 2006 – Claude Jade, French actress (b. 1948)
- 2007 - Ken McGregor, Australian tennis player (b. 1929)
- 2008 – Mikel Laboa, Basque singer and songwriter (b. 1934)
- 2010 – Adriaan Blaauw, Dutch astronomer (b. 1914)
- 2011 – Christa Wolf, German writer (b. 1929)
- 2012 - Mitchell Cole, English footballer (b. 1985)
- 2012 - Phil Taylor, English footballer (b. 1917)
- 2012 - Jovan Belcher, American football player (b. 1987)
- 2013 - Heinrich Boere, German Nazi war criminal (b. 1922)
- 2013 - Lino Grech, Maltese actor (b. 1930)
- 2013 - Edward Heffron, American World War II veteran (b. 1923)
- 2014 - Sita Murt, Spanish fashion designer and businesswoman (b. 1946)
- 2014 - Mario Abramovich, Argentine violinist and composer (b. 1926)
- 2014 - Roberto Sagastume Pinto, Guatemalan politician (b. 1944)
- 2015 - Joseph Engelberger, American engineer (b. 1925)
- 2015 - Robert E. Glennen, American academic (b. 1933)
- 2015 - Jim Loscutoff, American basketball player (b. 1930)
- 2017 - Adarsh Sein Anand, former Chief Justice of India (b. 1936)
- 2017 - Philipp Graf Lerchenfeld, German politician (b. 1952)
- 2017 - Fredy Schmidtke, German cyclist (b. 1961)
- 2017 - Arif Dirlik, Turkish-born American historian (b. 1940)
- 2017 - Les Whitten, American investigative reporter (b. 1928)
- 2018 - Ken Berry, American actor (b. 1933)
- 2018 - Ennio Fantastichini, Italian actor (b. 1955)
- 2018 - Anwar Hossain, Bangladeshi photographer and cinematographer (b. 1948)
- 2018 - Scott Stearney, American Vice Admiral (b. 1960)
- 2018 - Stefanie Tücking, German television presenter (b. 1962)
Holidays and observances
- World AIDS Day
- Portugal – Restoration of Independence Day
- Costa Rica – Military Abolition Day
- Romania – The National Day of Romania, Union of Transylvania with Romania
- Angola's Pioneers' Day
- Australia – First day of Summer
- Iceland - Self-governance Day
- Teachers' Day (Panama)
- Chad - Freedom and Democracy Day
- Mexico - Traditionally the date the President is sworn into office every six years, last in 2012
- Saint Eligius in Western Christianity