List of national capitals

This is a list of national capital cities in alphabetical order. It includes territories and dependencies, non-sovereign states including associated states, and entities whose sovereignty is disputed. Sovereign states are shown in bold text.

City Country Notes
Abu Dhabi  United Arab Emirates
Abuja  Nigeria
Accra  Ghana
Adamstown  Pitcairn British Overseas Territory
Addis Ababa  Ethiopia
Algiers  Algeria
Alofi  Niue Self-governing nation in free association with New Zealand.
Amman  Jordan
Amsterdam (official); The Hague (de facto)  Netherlands
Andorra la Vella  Andorra
Ankara  Turkey
Antananarivo  Madagascar
Arbil  Kurdistan Part of Iraq
Apia  Samoa
Ashgabat  Turkmenistan
Asmara  Eritrea
Astana  Kazakhstan
Asunción  Paraguay
Athens  Greece
Avarua  Cook Islands Self-governing nation in free association with New Zealand.
Baghdad  Iraq
Baku  Azerbaijan
Bamako  Mali
Bandar Seri Begawan  Brunei [a]
Bangkok  Thailand
Bangui  Central African Republic
Banjul  Gambia
Basseterre  Saint Kitts and Nevis
Beijing  People's Republic of China [b]
Beirut  Lebanon
Belfast United Kingdom Northern Ireland Country of the United Kingdom
Belgrade  Serbia
Belmopan  Belize
Berlin  Germany
Bern  Switzerland
Bishkek  Kyrgyzstan
Bissau  Guinea-Bissau
Bogotá  Colombia
Brasília  Brazil
Bratislava  Slovakia
Brazzaville  Republic of the Congo
Bridgetown  Barbados
Brussels  Belgium
Bucharest  Romania
Budapest  Hungary
Buenos Aires  Argentina
Bujumbura  Burundi
Cairo  Egypt
Canberra  Australia
Caracas  Venezuela
Cardiff  Wales Country of the United Kingdom
Castries  Saint Lucia
Cayenne  French Guiana Overseas department of France
Charlotte Amalie  United States Virgin Islands Territory of the United States
Chisinau  Moldova
Cockburn Town  Turks and Caicos Islands British Overseas Territory
Conakry  Guinea
Copenhagen  Denmark
Dakar  Senegal
Damascus  Syria
Dhaka  Bangladesh
Dili  East Timor (Timor-Leste)
Djibouti  Djibouti
Dodoma (official); mostly de facto; Dar es Salaam (former; some government offices remaining)  Tanzania
Doha  Qatar
Douglas  Isle of Man British Crown Dependency
Dublin  Ireland
Dushanbe  Tajikistan
Edinburgh  Scotland Country of the United Kingdom
Edinburgh of the Seven Seas  Tristan da Cunha British Overseas Territory
El Aaiún (declared)  Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic [d] The Sahrawi Republic, recognised by 82 states, claims the mostly Moroccan controlled Western Sahara. Moroccan controlled territory includes El Aaiún, and Morocco claims all Sahrawi controlled territory. The Sahrawi government resides in exile in Tindouf, Algeria.[1]
Episkopi Cantonment  Akrotiri and Dhekelia British Overseas Territory
Flying Fish Cove  Christmas Island External territory of Australia
Freetown  Sierra Leone
Funafuti  Tuvalu
Gaborone  Botswana
George Town  Cayman Islands British Overseas Territory
Georgetown  Ascension Island
Georgetown  Guyana
Gibraltar  Gibraltar British Overseas Territory
Grytviken  South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands British Overseas Territory
Guatemala City  Guatemala
Gustavia  Saint Barthélemy Overseas collectivity of France
Hagåtña  Guam Territory of the United States
Hamilton  Bermuda British Overseas Territory
Hanga Roa  Easter Island Special territory of Chile
Hanoi  Vietnam
Harare  Zimbabwe
Hargeisa  Somaliland [c] De facto independent state not diplomatically recognized by any other state, claimed in whole by the Somali Republic.[2]
Havana  Cuba
Helsinki  Finland
Honiara  Solomon Islands
Islamabad  Pakistan
Jakarta  Indonesia
Jamestown  Saint Helena British Overseas Territory
Jerusalem (declared, de facto)[i] Flag of Israel.svg Israel claims that Jerusalem, complete and united, is its capital. The city is the seat of the government, home to the president's residence, government offices, supreme court, and parliament. The United Nations Security Council in Resolution 478 does not accept this claim and called on member states to remove their diplomatic missions from Jerusalem. The United Nations and all member states have their embassies in other cities such as Tel Aviv, Ramat Gan, and Herzliya, and do not recognise Jerusalem as the capital.[3] Many countries officially accept a proposal that Jerusalem have international status, which was part of the Partition Plan of 1947.[4] The Palestinian National Authority claims East Jerusalem as the capital of a future Palestinian state.
Jerusalem (declared)[i]; Ramallah and Gaza (de facto)  Palestine The State of Palestine claims the territories occupied by Israel since the Six-Day War in 1967, with East Jerusalem as its capital. This area is currently occupied by Israel and Palestine has no control over the territories it claims. Administration is based in Ramallah and Gaza, not Jerusalem. All members of the United Nations regard East Jerusalem as occupied territory. The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Arab League, the Non-Aligned Movement and the European Union recognise it as the capital of a future Palestinian state.[5]
Juba South Sudan South Sudan
Kabul  Afghanistan
Kampala  Uganda
Kathmandu  Nepal
Khartoum  Sudan
Kiev  Ukraine
Kigali  Rwanda
Kingston  Jamaica
Kingston  Norfolk Island External territory of Australia
Kingstown  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Kinshasa  Democratic Republic of Congo
Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia (official)
Kuwait City  Kuwait
La Paz  Bolivia (administrative)
Libreville  Gabon
Lilongwe  Malawi
Lima  Peru
Lisbon  Portugal
Ljubljana  Slovenia
Lomé  Togo
London  Great Britain;  England London is both the capital of England, a Country of the United Kingdom, and of the United Kingdom itself, a sovereign state.
Luanda  Angola
Lusaka  Zambia
Luxembourg  Luxembourg
Madrid  Spain
Majuro  Marshall Islands
Malabo  Equatorial Guinea
Malé  Maldives
Managua  Nicaragua
Manama  Bahrain
Manila  Philippines
Maputo  Mozambique
Marigot  Saint Martin Overseas collectivity of France
Maseru  Lesotho
Mata-Utu  Wallis and Futuna Overseas collectivity of France
Mbabane (administrative); Lobamba (royal and legislative)  Eswatini
Melekoek  Palau
Mexico City [e]  Mexico
Minsk  Belarus
Mogadishu  Somalia
Monaco  Monaco City-state
Monrovia  Liberia
Montevideo  Uruguay
Moroni  Comoros
Moscow  Russia
Muscat  Oman
Nairobi  Kenya
Nassau  Bahamas
Naypyidaw  Myanmar
N'Djamena  Chad
New Delhi  India
Niamey  Niger
Nicosia  Cyprus
North Nicosia  Northern Cyprus De facto independent state that is recognised only by Turkey. Northern Cyprus is claimed in whole by the Republic of Cyprus.[6]
Nouakchott  Mauritania
Nouméa  New Caledonia Sui generis collectivity of France
Nukuʻalofa  Tonga
Nuuk  Greenland Constituent country of the Kingdom of Denmark
Oranjestad  Aruba Self-governing part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Oslo  Norway
Ottawa  Canada
Ouagadougou  Burkina Faso
Pago Pago  American Samoa Territory of the United States
Palikir  Federated States of Micronesia
Panama City  Panama
Papeete  French Polynesia Overseas collectivity of France
Paramaribo  Suriname
Paris  France
Philipsburg  Sint Maarten Self-governing part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Phnom Penh  Cambodia
Plymouth [f] (official); Brades Estate (de facto)  Montserrat British Overseas Territory
Podgorica  Montenegro
Port Louis  Mauritius
Port Moresby  Papua New Guinea
Port Vila  Vanuatu
Port-au-Prince  Haiti
Port of Spain  Trinidad and Tobago
Porto-Novo (official); Cotonou (de facto)  Benin
Prague  Czech Republic
Praia  Cape Verde
Pretoria (executive); Bloemfontein (judicial); Cape Town (legislative)  South Africa
Pristina  Kosovo[j] De facto independent state that is recognised by UN member states and by Taiwan (Republic of China). Claimed in whole by the Republic of Serbia as part of its Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija. Republic of Kosovo has de facto control over most of the territory, with limited control in North Kosovo.
Pyongyang  North Korea
Quito  Ecuador
Rabat  Morocco
Reykjavík  Iceland
Riga  Latvia
Riyadh  Saudi Arabia
Road Town  British Virgin Islands British Overseas Territory
Rome  Italy
Roseau  Dominica
Saipan  Northern Mariana Islands Territory of the United States
San José  Costa Rica
San Juan  Puerto Rico Territory of the United States
San Marino  San Marino
San Salvador  El Salvador
Sana'a  Yemen
Santiago  Chile
Santo Domingo  Dominican Republic
São Tomé  São Tomé and Príncipe
Sarajevo  Bosnia and Herzegovina
Seoul  South Korea
Singapore  Singapore City-state
Skopje  North Macedonia
Sofia  Bulgaria
South Tarawa  Kiribati
Sri Jayawardenapura-Kotte [g] (legislative; largely de facto); Colombo (previous capital; has some government offices)  Sri Lanka
St. George's  Grenada
St. Helier  Jersey British Crown Dependency
St. John's  Antigua and Barbuda
St. Peter Port  Guernsey British Crown Dependency
St. Pierre  Saint-Pierre and Miquelon Overseas collectivity of France
Stanley  Falkland Islands British Overseas Territory
Stepanakert  Nagorno-Karabakh Republic
Stockholm  Sweden
Sucre  Bolivia
Sukhumi  Abkhazia De facto independent state recognised by Russia, Nauru, Nicaragua, Venezuela, South Ossetia and Transnistria. Claimed in whole by Republic of Georgia as the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia.
Suva  Fiji
Taipei Flag of the Republic of China.svg (Taiwan) The Republic of China (Taiwan) has competed for recognition with the People's Republic of China as the government of China since 1949. The Republic of China controls the island of Taiwan and its islands of Quemoy, Matsu, the Pratas and part of the Spratly Islands[7] The territory of the Republic of China is claimed in whole by the People's Republic of China.[8] The Republic of China takes part in the World Health Organization and a number of non-UN international organizations such as the World Trade Organization, International Olympic Committee and others under a number of different names, most commonly Chinese Taipei.
Tallinn  Estonia
Tarawa  Kiribati
Tashkent  Uzbekistan
Tbilisi  Georgia
Tegucigalpa  Honduras
Tehran  Iran
Thimphu  Bhutan
Tirana  Albania
Tiraspol  Transnistria A de facto independent state, not recognized by any UN-member, but by Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Claimed in whole by the Republic of Moldova as the Territorial Unit of Transnistria.
Tokyo  Japan
Tórshavn  Faroe Islands Constituent country of the Kingdom of Denmark
Tripoli  Libya
Tskhinvali  South Ossetia A de facto independent state recognised by Russia, Nicaragua, Nauru, Venezuela, Abkhazia and Transnistria. Claimed in whole by the Republic of Georgia as the Provisional Administrative Entity of South Ossetia.
Tunis  Tunisia
Ulaanbaatar  Mongolia
Vaduz  Liechtenstein
Valletta  Malta
The Valley  Anguilla British Overseas Territory
Vatican City  Vatican City [h] City-state
Victoria  Seychelles
Vienna  Austria
Vientiane  Laos
Vilnius  Lithuania
Warsaw  Poland
Washington, D.C.  United States
Wellington  New Zealand
West Island  Cocos (Keeling) Islands External territory of Australia
Willemstad  Curaçao Self-governing part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Windhoek  Namibia
Yamoussoukro (official); Abidjan (former capital; still has many government offices)  Côte d'Ivoire
Yaoundé  Cameroon
Yaren (de facto)  Nauru Country does not have an official capital; however, the government offices are in Yaren.
Yerevan  Armenia
Zagreb  Croatia

Notes

  • a.  ^ That is, the State of Brunei Darussalam.
  • b.  ^ See also List of historical capitals of China.
  • c.  ^ Unrecognized, self-declared country.
  • d.  ^ See Politics of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.
  • e.  ^ The Spanish name is "México D.F." or just "D.F." (for "Distrito Federal").
  • f.  ^ Plymouth was abandoned after the eruption of the Soufriere Hills volcano in 1997. Government offices since then have been moved to Brades Estate, which is in the northwestern part of Montserrat.
  • g.  ^ Also known as "Kotte". Until the 1980s, the capital was Colombo, where many important governmental institutions still remain and which is still designated as the commercial capital of Sri Lanka.
  • h.  ^ Also known as the "Holy See" for diplomatic and religious purposes.
  • i.  ^ See Positions on Jerusalem.
  • j.  ^  Kosovo proclaimed independence from Serbia on 17 February 2008 by temporary governing institutions. That independence is against the current UNSC's resolution regarding Kosovo (1244).

References

  1. "Africa :: Western Sahara — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on 2020-04-24. Retrieved 2011-11-15.
  2. See Regions and territories: Somaliland (30 December 2005). BBC News. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
  3. See the CIA Factbook Archived 2018-12-25 at the Wayback Machine and Map of Israel
  4. Sharkansky, Ira. Governing Jerusalem: again on the world's agenda, p 23. State University Press (1996). ISBN 0814325920.
  5. See the following:
  6. See The World Factbook|Cyprus Archived 2018-12-26 at the Wayback Machine (10 January 2006). Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
  7. The sovereignty over the Spratly Islands is claimed by People's Republic of China, the Republic of China, Vietnam, the Philippines (part), Malaysia (part), and Brunei (part). Except Brunei, each of these countries occupies part of the islands.
  8. In 1949, the Republic of China government led by the Kuomintang (KMT) lost the Chinese Civil War to the Communist Party of China (CPC) and set up a provisional capital in Taipei. The CPC established the PRC. The political status of the ROC and the legal status of Taiwan and areas currently under ROC control are in dispute. In 1971, the United Nations gave the China seat to the PRC and the ROC withdrew from the UN. Most states recognize the PRC to be the legitimate representative of all China. The UN classifies Taiwan as "Taiwan, Province of China". The ROC has de facto relations with most sovereign states. A large political movement within Taiwan wants Taiwan independence.